Simulation and analysis of the possibilities of traction electric motor

Great efforts are directed to word the use of electrical vehicles in transportation. Mathematical modeling tools can provide a powerful approach for investigating electrical vehciles and are successfully implemented by applying Matlab/Simulink. In this paper, the mathematical simulation model of Series Excited DC motor (tractive motor) on Matlab/Simulink was implemented and investigated. The main objective of this study is to assess the use of Series Excited DC motor (tractive motor) to be used for the new Amman city express bus project and evaluation of its performance characteristics in different running and loading cases. All simulation results are plotted and discussed. This study confirms the feasibility for the use of series excited DC motor (tractive motor) in electric buses as alternatives for sustaibale and environmentally friendly transportation system

Composition Operators on Weighted Bergman and S^P Spaces

Let $varphi$ be an analytic self-map of open unit disk $mathbb{D}$. The operator given by $(C_{varphi}f)(z)=f(varphi(z))$, for $z in mathbb{D}$ and  $f$ analytic on $mathbb{D}$ is called composition operator. For each $pgeq 1$, let $S^p$ be the space of analytic functions on $mathbb{D}$ whose derivatives belong to the Hardy space $H^p$.  For alpha > -1 and p > 0 the weighted Bergman space $A^{p}_{alpha}$ consists of all analytic functions in $L^{p}(mathbb{D}, dA_{alpha})$, where $dA_{alpha}$ is the normalized weighted area measure. In this presentation, we characterize boundedness and compactness of composition operators act between weighted Bergman $A_{alpha}^{p}$ and $S^q$ spaces, 1leq p, q<infty. Moreover, we give a lower bound for the essential norm of composition operator from  $A_{alpha}^{p}$ into $S^q$ spaces, $1leq pleq q$

Sleep Disturbance and Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure and their Family Caregivers

Sleep disturbance is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and the family caregivers. Sleep disturbance is known as a predictor of poor quality of life (QoL) in individual level. The manner in which patients’ and caregivers’ sleep disturbances influence each other’s QoL has not been determined. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the associations of sleep disturbance and outcomes in patients with HF and their primary family caregivers. The specific aims were to: 1) examine whether sleep disturbance of patients and their family caregivers predict their own and their partners’ QoL; 2) examine the mediator effects of depressive symptoms on the association between sleep disturbance and QoL in patients and family caregivers; and 3) provide evidence of the psychometric priorities of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) as a measure of caregiving burden in caregivers of patients with HF. The three specific aims were addressed using secondary analyses of cross-sectional data available from 143 patients with HF and their primary family caregivers. To accomplish Specific Aim One, multilevel dyadic analysis, actor-partner interdependence model was used for 78 patient- caregiver dyads. Individuals’ sleep disturbance predicted their own poor QoL. Caregivers’ sleep disturbance predicted patients’ mental aspect of QoL. For Specific Aim Two, a series of multiple regressions was used to examine the mediation effect in patients and caregivers separately. Depressive symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between sleep disturbance and mental aspect of QoL in patients. The mediation effect was similar in caregivers. For Specific Aim Three, the internal consistency and convergent and construct validity of the ZBI in 124 family caregivers of patients with HF were examined. The results showed that the ZBI is a reliable and valid measure of caregiving burden in this population. This dissertation has fulfilled important gaps in the evidence base for the QoL outcome in patients with HF and caregivers. The findings from this dissertation provided evidence of the importance of monitoring sleep disturbance for better QoL in both patients and caregivers and the importance of assessing caregivers’ sleep disturbance for improving patients’ QoL. It also provided evidence of the importance of managing depressive symptoms when targeting sleep disturbance to improve QoL in both patients and caregivers

Barrier-based micro/milli channels reactor

Gas-liquid processing in microreactors remains mostly restricted to the laboratory scale dueto the complexity and expenditure needed for an adequate numbering-up with a uniform flowdistribution. The barrier-based distributor is a multiphase flow distributor which assures flowuniformity and prevents channeling between the two phases.Experimentally, design criteria for the barrier-based distributor are obtained in a setupmade of capillary and tube fittings. The design criteria are illustrated for the case of anitrogen-water Taylor flow in four parallel microchannels. Gas-liquid channeling is preventedat equal pressures in the gas and liquid manifolds. An optimal operational window is realizedwhen the gas to liquid flow ratio is kept constant and the ratio of the maximum over the minimumflow rates remain less than 15. The effect of variations in the inner diameters due to thefabrication tolerance of the barrier channels and the microchannels on the flow distribution isdemonstrated.Numerically, the flow distribution is studied using a method based on hydraulic resistivenetworks (RN). The single phase hydraulic RN model is extended to account for two phasesgas-liquid Taylor flow. For ReGL &lt;30, the accuracy of the model was above 90% for thecapillary and tubing setup. The model was used to study the effect of fabrication tolerance onflow distribution and barrier channel dimensions. A design methodology has been proposedto determine the required hydraulic resistance in the barrier channels and cut-off values ofthe maximum allowed fabrication tolerance.Based on the design methodology, the barrier-based micro/milli reactor (BMMR) is designedand fabricated to deliver flow nonuniformity of less than 10%. The BMMR consistsof eight parallel channels operated in the Taylor flow regime with a liquid flow rate up to 150mL/min which is suitable for a production capacity in the order of kg/h. The quality of theflow distribution is considered by studying two aspects. The first aspect is the influence ofdifferent viscosities, surface tensions and flow rates. The second aspect is the influence ofmodularity by testing three different reaction channels types: (1) square channels fabricatedin a stainless steel plate, (2) square channels fabricated in a glass plate, and (3) circular channels(capillaries) made of stainless steel. Additionally, the BMMR is compared to a singlechannel and shows the same performance regarding the slug and bubble lengths and bubblegeneration frequency.Under cold flow conditions, the influence of temperature is studied in the BMMR. Themethodology provides a cut-off value of the maximum allowed temperature deviation in eachpart of the BMMR. Temperature deviation effect on flow distribution is quantified using ahydraulic resistive network model. Flow rate effect on the temperature deviation is demonstratedusing a one dimensional energy balance model. Experiments in the BMMR wereconducted to validate these models. Temperature deviation in the barrier channels affectsflow non-uniformity by ten times more than in the mixer and reaction channels. Above a certaincritical liquid residence time, the flow rate had no significant effect on the temperaturedeviation. The critical liquid residence time depends on the liquid used, BMMR material ofconstruction, and its geometrical dimensions. The design methodology provides engineeringsteps to give a first estimation on the effect of temperature on flow distribution.Under reaction conditions, the BMMR is tested using the hydrogenation reaction forphenylacetylene to styrene and ethylbenzene using a homogenous cationic rhodium catalysts[Rh(NBD)(PPh3)2]BF4. In a semi-continuous batch reactor, a parametric study wasperformed by changing the hydrogen pressure, catalyst concentration, initial concentrationof phenylacetylene and styrene. The kinetic parameters were estimated by fitting the kineticmodel to the experiments. Catalyst deactivation was observed and incorporated in thekinetic model. The kinetic model predicts the experimental result within an accuracy of20%. Preliminary results for performing the hydrogenation reaction in the BMMR reactorare demonstrated. The reaction was conducted in the BMMR and the reactant and productconcentrations of a single channel were compared to that of eight parallel channels in theBMMR. For 95% of the obtained results, the difference in concentrations between the singleand the eight channels remains within ± 10% and depended on the gas and liquid flow rates.As a proof of concept, the numbering-up concept of gas-liquid Taylor flow in the BMMR hasbeen successfully realized.As a case study, the oxidation of ethylbenzene was used as a relevant industrial applicationfor process intensification using the micro/milli channel reactor. The BMMR was usedto scale-up ethylbenzene oxidation via numbering-up to total flow capacity of 10 m3/h whichequals to 80000 tons/y. The size and operational aspects of the BMMR were compared tocurrently used industrial reactor, the horizontal bubble column reactor HBCR. The size ofBMMR is five to ten times smaller than the HBCR if the residence time is less than 2 minutes.In principle, the BMMR shows its capability to scale-up multiphase flow applicationsto reach industrial bulk scale capacities. This opens a wide variety of opportunities to furtherinvest in this field and conduct research to fully exploit this technology

The Impact of Leadership Styles on Improving Institutional Performance in the Jordanian Commercial Banks from the Perspective of Middle Management Staff

The purpose of this study is to identify the impact ofof leadership styles on institutional performance of the commercial banks working in the south of Jordan from the perspective of middle management staff.The studypopulation consisted of (13) banks distributed in thejordanian southern governorates (Karak,Tafila, Maan, and Aqaba) and the number of their branches was (51). The study sample was (260) manager from the middle levelsand working in the targeted banks.To achieve the objectives of the study a questionnaire was developed to collect the required data from the study sample. A statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the data collected by the questionnaire and to test the study hypothesis. depending on the averages and other statistics .Empirical results found that thedemocratic, autocratic, and situational style as a dimensions of leadership styles has a positive impact on institutional performance and the democratic style has the highest impact while the autocratic style has the lowest style. In addition the results found that the dominant leadership style in the target bankswas a democratic leadership style and this attributed to the focus of target banks on providing a training needsto its employees in order to improve their performance and achieve the goals in effective and efficient way. Based on these empirical results the study recommending that the banks should focus largely on thedemocratic leadership style and increase the a awareness of their employees in the different leadership styles through providing a training programs related to the subject of leadership in order to build their skills and enhance their knowledge.Finally the study recommend to conduct more future research and studies on the subject of leadership styles and institutional performance in the different industries, because the current study and its results limited to the Jordanian banks. Keywords:Leadership, Leadership Styles, Insitutional Performance, Jordan Banks

Textured concrete as an alternative cladding material instead of stone case of Amman

Many cladding materials can be found to cover facades, this study search about if the textured concrete can be an alternative cladding material to be used for facades instead of stone in Amman city with knowing that the textured concrete is an affordable material in Jordan and may offer the natural look of stone cladding. Keywords: Textured concrete, stone claddin

Arabic Jordanian Compliment (Mujamaleh) and Politeness Online Expressions Versus Their Counterparts in American English

This research paper aims at examining Arabic Jordanian compliment (Mujamaleh) and politeness online expressions versus their counterparts in American English. the paper relies heavily on relevant literature, previous studies included.It is obvious that there is a wide variety of compliments within one culture in terms of their roles and usage. Responding to a compliment poses a dilemma for speakers since they have to balance two diametrically conflicting conversational principles: to agree with one's conversational participants and to avoid self-praise as much as they can Scholars mention that “compliment is a speech act which explicitly or implicitly attributes credit to someone other than the speaker, usually the person addressed, for some “good‟ (possession, characteristic, skill, etc.) which is positively valued by the speaker and the hearer as greeting expects greeting in response”, Thus, this research paper aims at examining politeness and compliment expressions in Jordanian Arabic and American English used by modern generations in internet era, mainly in informal manner. This makes such expressions to be less serious and tends to be humorous and close to resemble jokes that are far away from traditional terms and expressions.Results and conclusion are expressed Keywords: politeness, compliment/compliment responses, humorous expressions, Jordanian Arabic American Englis

The PAK-U.S. alliance in the fight against terrorism: a cost-benefit analysis

The cost-benefit equation of the Pak-U.S. alliance, in the fight against terrorism, reflects a direct correlation between the fluctuating patterns of U.S. assistance and their direct and indirect implications for Pakistan. While the U.S. strives to achieve a better return on its investment through military-oriented support, Pakistan seeks to adopt an approach that suits both the U.S. and its own domestic and regional interests. This research traces the trend of Pak-U.S. relations, highlights the impact of the fluctuating U.S. aid in shaping perceptions, and provides a game theoretical analysis on the issue. Besides highlighting measures to achieve cost effectiveness through micro alliances, decentralization, accountability, and transparency in fund management, the study supports development of entrepreneurial culture and micro-alliances in Pakistan. More importantly, it provides an in-depth analysis of the military and population-centric approaches and their associated costs and benefits for the two countries. The research concludes by suggesting a more population-centric U.S. approach towards Pakistan to achieve a better return on investment besides laying foundation for a long-term strategic alliance. It suggests future research on the prospects and methodology of achieving a long-term partnership between the two nations.http://archive.org/details/thepakuslliancei1094510631Pakistan Air Force autho