Factorization and Nonfactorization in B Decays

Using NLL values for Wilson coefficients and including the contributions from the penguin diagrams, we estimate the amount of nonfactorization in two-body hadronic B decays. Also, we investigate the model dependence of the nonfactorization parameters by performing the calculation using different models for the form factors. The results support the universality of nonfactorizable contributions in both Cabibbo-favored and Cabibbo-suppressed B decays.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures, revte

The linguistic structure in the “Dafatir al-Warraq” by Jalal Bargas the Notebooks of the Papermaker novel between the act of notation and the speech of thresholds

This study explores the subject of linguistic structure and text thresholds in Jalal Barjas\u27s novel Dafatir al-Warraq 2020. The novel creates a memorization that makes the narrative language based on a philosophical context of the text thresholds. This crafted a ground for inquiries that the structure of the work evoked from the painful reality we live in today. The language of the narration and its thresholds have taken a mediating role in combining the other elements. Although it was divided against itself, a division that reflects the schizophrenia of the hero and his loss of the correct path. Hence, the study aims to evaluate the language of narration in the light of taking the act of narrative writing as an approach to presenting the story. This led to narrating the novel in the form of notebooks once, and the form of threshold narration (textual threshold) again in its external and internal dimensions. This calls for revealing the regulating relationship of the multiple narrative textual thresholds employed by the novel. The study used the concepts of the narrative method to approach this problem. Among the most prominent findings of the study is that the language of narration was based on the data of what was recorded in the characters notebooks and an influential factor in the constructive narrative of the novel, especially at the level of event and time. This was accompanied by a mature dialogue between the content of the work and its multiple textual thresholds in its external and internal dimensions

Impact of Organizational Culture on Academics’ Readiness and Behavioral Intention to Implement eLearning Changes in Kuwaiti Universities during COVID-19

A comprehensive review of the literature indicates that there is a lack of research on the influence of all the organizational culture (OC) types on academics’ readiness and behavioral intention to implement eLearning changes in higher education institutions (HEIs). To address this gap, this study empirically investigates the impact of OC on academics’ readiness and behavioral intention to implement eLearning changes within HEIs in Kuwait during the COVID-19 pandemic. A 218 self-administered survey was distributed to public and private HEIs. The analysis of collected data reveal that the most prominent OCs are hierarchy and market types which support readiness for change. The contribution of this study lies in further understanding the impact of OC on academics’ readiness for eLearning changes and behavioral intention to support eLearning implementation. The findings further offer an original contribution by confirming the mediating role of academics’ readiness for eLearning changes in the relationship between OC and behavioral intention. This paper adds to the change management literature by collecting data during the COVID-19 pandemic within the interesting context of HEIs in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), which is currently scarce. The implications of this study contribute to the sustainability of Kuwaiti HEIs.</p

The Interpretation of Historical Referencing in the Novel ‘Morisco’ by Hassan Ouriad

The historical dimension in the novel operates within a tense reference framework, characterized by continuity and expansion, dictated by the law of succession between two texts separated by the aesthetic distance required by the art of the novel. Direct engagement with this reference framework can lead to superficial judgments regarding the authenticity and artistry of the work. Narrative analysis alone does not suffice in revealing its secrets or resolving its complexities, due to the intertwining of historical references with ideological and narrative aspects. Therefore, it relies on the concepts of sequential semiotics, as established by Vladimir Krizinsky, represented through a set of mechanisms that examine the relationship between the historical and the imaginative, such as mediation, embodiment, blending, illusion, and density. This study aims to apply these concepts to Hassan Ouriad\u27s The Morisco (2011), a novel that adopts the tragedy of the Moriscos as its historical reference. The Moriscos were Muslims of Andalusia who remained after its fall in 1492, suffering under the Inquisition before being forcibly exiled to various lands. Hassan Ouriad’s novel is based on two main sources: the travelogue of Shihab al-Din Ahmed ibn Qasim al-Hajari, known as Afuqay (1569-1642) in Al-Shihab Ila Liqa\u27 al-Ahbab (1611-1613), and the historical writings of the contemporary Morisco historian Muhammad Qashtillo. The study is divided into three sections: the concept of reference, the mechanisms of historical referencing, and the laws of historical referencing

Participatory decision-making: an empirical investigation of Kuwait Islamic banks

This thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University London.One of the world’s fastest growing banking methods today is Shariah compliant banking, with the number of Islamic banking and finance institutions growing from one in 1975 to more than three hundred today in more than seventy-five countries around the world, holding assets valued around US$1 trillion. However, research and understanding regarding the management in decision-making in the Islamic banking industry is underdeveloped. This study, unlike previous research, applies Islamic Work Ethics (IWE’s) and Participatory Decision-Making (PDM) to inspect both their influence and outcomes. However, despite PDM’s maturity and validity in different contexts, very little published literature strives to extend its capability in the Islamic banking context. Both PDM and IWE’s have found to lead to greater job satisfaction and commitment; however, interrelationships have not yet been studied. As a result, it is unclear if the PDM approach to determining whether or not employees should be involved in the decision-making process is applicable with IWE’s or within Islamic banking and developing country contexts. As a result, a need arises for the addition of factors, which may potentially develop the understanding of employee involvement in decision-making, as misuse and lack of understanding of PDM may lead to low job satisfaction and commitment. The current study is sorted into multiple stages as to carry out the entire research. To start with, the introduction section of this study provides the setting of the research including the background of the study, aims, objectives and research questions. Moving on, a critical literature review is provided as to identify key points in previous studies. As a result, research hypotheses are extracted, which provides the relationships being tested, of which the theoretical framework is based. Next, the methodology, which is applied in the study, is identified and justifications for data collection methods, analysis tools and multiple tests are provided. Afterwards, questionnaires were distributed to front desk employees working within the Kuwaiti Islamic banking industry as the sample for primary data. Following, vi data analysis is carried out, from which the findings and accepting and rejecting of analysis is reliant upon. Outcome identified that employee desires to be involved in decision-making was greatly influenced by IWE’s. Also, employees desire to be involved in decision-making differentiated significantly based on whether or not decisions were based on actual work or regarding fellow co-workers. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications are provided, as well as suggestions for future research

Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue in the Presence of TiO 2 Catalyst Assisted Solar Radiation

Abstract: In t his study, degradation of methylene blue (MB) from water was investigated by photocatalysis process in presence of TiO 2 under solar radiation. Some of process parameters such as catalyst loading, initial concentration and pH were examined for influencing on efficiency degradation process. The results showed that pH of solution is acidic to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency was found. However, loading of TiO 2 was found to be 2 g/l as optimal, which the availability of surface to adsorb more molecules of MB was achieved with this loading. Therefore, lower concentration also lead to achieve highest degradation efficiency of MB