Absorbing boundary conditions for simulation of gravitational waves with spectral methods in spherical coordinates

We present a new formulation of the multipolar expansion of an exact boundary condition for the wave equation, which is truncated at the quadrupolar order. Using an auxiliary function, that is the solution of a wave equation on the sphere defining the outer boundary of the numerical grid, the absorbing boundary condition is simply written as a perturbation of the usual Sommerfeld radiation boundary condition. It is very easily implemented using spectral methods in spherical coordinates. Numerical tests of the method show that very good accuracy can be achieved and that this boundary condition has the same efficiency for dipolar and quadrupolar waves as the usual Sommerfeld boundary condition for monopolar ones. This is of particular importance for the simulation of gravitational waves, which have dominant quadrupolar terms, in General Relativity.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures. Strongly modified version, accepted for publication in Journal of Computational Physics (new title, new figures and removal of the description of multidomain spectral methods

The effects of using an Electronic Interactive Whiteboard in Developing students’’ Attitude, Cognitive Motivation and Academic achievement

The aim of this study was to identify the effects of the use of an interactive whiteboard on the development of the students’ attitude towards study, cognitive motivation, and academic achievement in the eighth grade in basic education in the Sultanate of Oman. The attitude towards study, cognitive motivation and academic achievement scales was applied to a sample of (176) students from two basic education schools in one area. 86 students were chosen from school one as an experimental group and they used the electronic interactive board in teaching, and 90 students were chosen from school two as a control group using conventional way. Results showed statistically significant differences between the students in the two groups in the attitude towards study, cognitive motivation and its dimensions (motivation to acquire knowledge, the risk of acquiring knowledge and employment of knowledge), and academic achievement in favor to the students using the interactive whiteboard. The researchers recommended the use of interactive whiteboard technology in all schools, and training teachers to integrate it in teaching. Keywords.  electronic interactive whiteboard - attitude towards study- cognitive motivation -academic achievement. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/10-10-15 Publication date: April 30th 201

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT POWERS OF LOW-LEVEL LASER THERAPY ON WOUND HEALING OF DIABETIC RATS- A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Tissue healing is a complex process involving local and systemic responses. Inadequate of inappropriate wound healing is a headache to many surgeons especially in compromised patients. Several technologies have been tested for their effect on improving and enhancing wound healing. The use of low-level laser therapy for example has been shown to be effective in modulating both local and systemic response healing responses. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of different powers of low-level laser therapy on wound healing in diabetic rats. Methodology: Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally applied for diabetes induction. A full-thickness skin wound (2 × 2 cm2) was aseptically created with a scalpel in diabetic rats on the shaved back of the animals. The wounded diabetic rats were treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for 14 days. The wound closure percent was calculated during the course of the experiment on days 1, 7, and 14. Results: Clinical observation of skin lesion samples of the animals showed that skin lesions of the group (A) (control) exhibited an early-phase tissue repair pattern, with the formation of a whitish crust, with slightly elevated rims and a reddish core, group (B) and (C) wounds, which were showed complete tissue repair, showing scars with evident rims and a central portion slightly unleveled, These results suggest that LLLT is an efficacious method of tissue repair modulation, significantly contributing to more rapid and organized healing of tissues

Correlation of Serum Homocysteine Levels With Various Types of Coronary Syndromes (CS) and In-Hospital Mortality – A Multicenter Study

Himayat Ullah,1 Sarwat Huma,2,3 Lubna Naeem,4 Ghulam Yasin,1 Muhammad Ashraf,1 Nafisa Tahir,5 Mohammed Yunus,6 Hossam Shabana,1,7 Abdulrahman H Shalaby,7 Ahmed Ali Hassan Ali,7 Mohamed Elwan Mohamed Mahmoud,7 Elsayed Mohamed Elsayed Tayee,8 Ahmed Farag Abd Elkader Elbwab,7 Ahmed Mohamed Ewis Alhawy,7 Ahmed Ahmed Mohamed Abotaha,7 Mahmoud Ezzat Abdelraouf,7 Mohammed S Imam,7 Hossam Aladl Aladl Aladl,7 Taiseer Ahmed Shawky,7 Ashraf Mohammed Said,7 Mahmoud Saeed Mahmoud,9 Kazem Mohamed Tayee,7 Reda Fakhry Mohamed,7 Ali Hosni Farahat,7 Mohammad Mossaad Abd Allah Alsayyad,9 Hesham El Sayed Lashin,7 Hani Ismail Hamed,7 Hazem Sayed Ahmed Sayed Ayoub,7 Ayman Mohamed Salem Ahmed Nafie7 1Department of Medicine, Shaqra College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Health Professions Education, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan; 3Department of Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan; 4Department of Oral Biology, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 5Department of Medicine, NSHS, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; 6Department of Pathology, Maiwand Teaching Hospital, Kabul University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kabul, Afghanistan; 7Internal Medicine Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; 8Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt; 9Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, EgyptCorrespondence: Mohammed Yunus, Department of Pathology, Maiwand Teaching Hospital, Kabul University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kabul, Afghanistan, Email [email protected]: Coronary artery disease (CAD), clinically manifested as coronary syndrome (CS), is the leading cause of death and a significant contributor to morbidity worldwide. Elevated serum homocysteine levels have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including CAD. Despite extensive research, the relationship between serum homocysteine and coronary syndromes with related short-term mortality is still under-studied. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between serum homocysteine levels and various types of CS, as well as in-hospital mortality in these patients.Patients and Methods: This multicenter study included 381 CS patients from Afghanistan, Egypt, and Pakistan tertiary care hospitals. The relation of serum homocysteine levels with different types of CS as well as with in-hospital mortality was measured and analyzed using inferential statistics (ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis test, Tukey’s post-hoc, Pearson correlation, etc.) and regression analysis (Binary regression).Results: Among 381 patients from both genders, 160 were from Pakistan, 130 from Egypt, and 91 from Afghanistan. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics, like age, gender, homocysteine level, CS type, and mortality, among the three countries (p > 0.05). The one-way ANOVA, the Kruskal Wallis Test, and Tukey’s post hoc test showed a significant difference among different CS groups based on serum homocysteine levels, and Pearson correlation showed a strong correlation between serum homocysteine and CS (r = 0.4). Binary regression analysis showed a 10.5% increase in in-hospital mortality for each 1 μmol/L increase in homocysteine levels.Conclusion: Serum homocysteine could serve as a valuable biomarker and mortality predictor in CS patients.Keywords: serum homocysteine, coronary artery disease (CAD), coronary syndromes (CS), cardiac biomarkers, risk factors of CA