Fractional electro-magneto transport of blood modeled with magnetic particles in cylindrical tube without singular kernel

The electro-kinetic transport of blood flow mixed with magnetic particles in the circular channel was investigated. The flow was subjected to an external electric and uniform magnetic field. The fluid was driven by pressure gradient and perpendicular magnetic field to the flow direction. Due to the usefulness and suitability of Caputo–Fabrizio fractional order derivative without singular kernel in fluid flow modeling and mass transfer phenomena, the governing equations were modeled as Caputo–Fabrizio time fractional partial differential equations and solved for a 2 ð0; 1�. The analytical solutions for the velocities of blood flow and magnetic particles were obtained by using Laplace, finite Hankel transforms and Robotnov and Hartley’s functions, respectively. Mathematica software was used to simulate the influences of fractional parameter a, Hartmann number and Reynolds number on the velocities of blood and magnetic particles. The findings are important for controlling bio-liquids in the devices used for analysis and diagnosis in biological and medical applications

Shear Strength of Copper Joints Prepared by Low Temperature Sintering of Silver Nanoparticles

In this work, mechanical properties of Cu-to-Cu joint samples prepared by low temperature sintering of Ag nanoparticle paste have been investigated. The silver nanopaste was prepared by a controlled thermal decomposition of an organometallic precursor. The as-synthesized Ag particles were spherical, with an average diameter of 8.5 nm. The Cu-to-Cu joint samples were made by placing a small amount of Ag nanopaste between two polished Cu plates and sintering at 150C, 200C, 220C and 350C in air. A normal load was applied to aid sintering. Mechanical properties were measured by imposing a uniform stress across the sample bond area and measuring the corresponding strain. The application of external load was found to have a positive effect on the material’s mechanical properties. Furthermore, interestingly high values of shear strength were observed.Byly zkoumány mechanické vlastnosti Cu-to-Cu spojů připravených nízkoteplotní sintrací pasty Ag nanočástic. Ag nanopasta byla připravena řízeným tepelným rozkladem organokovových prekurzorů. Syntetizované Ag NPs byly kulovité, o středním průměru 8,5 nm. Cu-to-Cu spoje byly vyrobeny umístěním malého množství Ag nanopasty mezi dvě leštěné Cu desky a sintrováním při 150C, 200C, 220C and 350C na vzduchu. Zatížení bylo použito na k podpoře sintrace. Mechanické vlastnosti byly měřeny stanovením napětí lomu a deformace. Bylo zjištěno, že aplikace vnějšího zatížení má pozitivní vliv na mechanické vlastnosti spoje

Patient, Referring Physician, and Radiologist Opinions Over Time on Providing Patients Access to Radiology Reports: A Systematic Review

Objective: Patients increasingly have access to their radiology reports. This systematic review examined the opinions of patients, referring physicians, and radiologists over time on providing patients full access to their radiology reports. Methods: A systematic review examining quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42023466502). Our search was conducted through September 30, 2023, and spanned five databases (CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, and Scopus). The studies included were peer-reviewed journal articles about the opinions of patients, referring physicians, or radiologists regarding giving patients unrestricted access to their radiology reports. Results: After screening 4,520 articles, the full texts of 439 studies were assessed for eligibility. Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies showed that, over time, patients have consistently expressed a strong desire to access radiology reports, and referring physicians and radiologists have varied opinions about patient access to radiology reports. The main advantages of patient access found in the studies were enhanced understanding and empowerment and increased patient-physician engagement and communication. The main disadvantages were difficulties in patients understanding reports and patient anxiety from accessing reports. Referring physicians\u27 opinions and radiologists\u27 opinions were found in less than 20% (six studies) and 10% (three studies), respectively. Discussion: The studies show patients have desired access to radiology reports over time. Future research should elicit the opinions of referring physicians and radiologists to enable a more informed design of patient access to radiology reports

In vitro approaches to assess the effects of açai (Euterpe oleracea) digestion on polyphenol availability and the subsequent impact on the faecal microbiota

A considerable proportion of dietary plant-polyphenols reach the colon intact; determining the effects of these compounds on colon-health is of interest. We hypothesise that both fibre and plant polyphenols present in açai (Euterpe oleracea) provide prebiotic and anti-genotoxic benefits in the colon. We investigated this hypothesis using a simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of açai pulp, and a subsequent pH-controlled, anaerobic, batch-culture fermentation model reflective of the distal region of the human large intestine. Following in vitro digestion, 49.8% of the total initial polyphenols were available. In mixed-culture fermentations with faecal inoculate, the digested açai pulp precipitated reductions in the numbers of both the Bacteroides-Prevotella spp. and the Clostridium-histolyticum groups, and increased the short-chain fatty acids produced compared to the negative control. The samples retained significant anti-oxidant and anti-genotoxic potential through digestion and fermentation. Dietary intervention studies are needed to prove that consuming açai is beneficial to gut health

Factors affecting job satisfaction among Saudi male and female teachers in Riyadh primary schools

Ph. D. ThesisThis study investigates the factors influencing primary school teachers in Saudi Arabia, with regard to their job satisfaction. It investigates the job satisfaction of teachers in both boys’ and girls’ primary schools in Saudi Arabia, specifically in the capital city of Riyadh. This research focus was selected due to the small number of studies which have investigated teachers’ job satisfaction generally and within the Saudi educational context in particular, and the absence of studies including both genders in the Saudi context. This study employed a sequential explanatory strategy using a qualitative-dominant mixed-method approach. A non-standardised questionnaire was designed, piloted and implemented online to collect quantitative data from teachers. It was disseminated by taking advantage of connections on social media platforms, such as WhatsApp and Twitter accounts. A total of two hundred and thirty-four questionnaire responses were received. The data from the questionnaire identified the level of the teachers’ overall job satisfaction, the factors influencing their job satisfaction and dissatisfaction and the relationship between their overall job satisfaction and personal characteristics such as gender, age, qualifications, experience, and marital status. The data were also used to develop the next phase of data collection, which involved face-to-face semi-structured interviews conducted with twenty teachers (ten males and ten females) in Riyadh. The final phase of data collection – semi-structured interviews – was conducted via Skype with four school headteachers (two males and two females), and two officials from the Ministry of Education (one male and one female). This thesis indicates the factors that positively or negatively influence overall job satisfaction of both male and female Saudi teachers teaching in state primary schools in Riyadh. The teachers are strongly satisfied with their colleagues, students and school headteachers. This reflects the collectivistic nature of the Saudi society in giving priority to interpersonal relationships at work when reflecting on their job satisfaction. Their satisfaction is moderately influenced by educational supervision, teachers’ job grade, the nature of the work, the holiday system and students’ parents. However, salary and promotion, teachers’ social status and recognition, teachers’ development, policies and regulations, school environment and workload are sources of their dissatisfaction. This thesis examines the relationship between the primary school teachers’ overall job satisfaction and with a number of demographic variables by utilising T-test and one-way ANOVA. No statistically-significant differences in job satisfaction between teachers were found based on their gender, age, marital status, years of 3 experience, length of service in current school, qualifications, subject taught, number of classes taught, number of teaching lessons, and type of school building. The supervision centres the school follows, however, was found to be associated with statistically-significant differences between teachers in terms of job satisfaction. Differences were found between teachers from the middle centres and those from south and east centres, as well as between teachers from the south and the north. The overall level of teachers’ job satisfaction is moderate to some extent being more satisfied. This study contributes to our understanding of the factors relating to job satisfaction in general, and job satisfaction among primary school teachers in the Saudi educational context in particular, as well as providing recommendations to the Ministry of Education in order to enhance teacher job satisfaction and address dissatisfaction, which can benefit the future policymaking of the Saudi Ministry of Education