Sampling system for LUCAS 2015

The sampling design of LUCAS 2015 took into account experience from previous campaigns. While remaining a Two-phase sampling scheme, efforts were focused in reducing the set of excluded points from the second phase sample, which are placed in difficult and inaccessible areas. This action was implemented both through: 1. the improvement of the first phase sample (LUCAS master sample) by updating each point of the grid with the most recent available information (NUTS borders, road network, elevation, Corine Land Cover results (CLC2006)) 2. the fine-tuning of the past rule for eligibility of the point introducing an additional new indicator of accessibility based on CLC; the final criteria combine all the auxiliary information [Elevation, Road distance, Slope, CLC indicator]. However excluded points will remain a likely source of bias which has to be treated separately from the field survey. The corresponding excluded area needs to be covered with a complementary photo-interpretation operation, including an ex-post photo-interpretation also for 2012 and 2009 surveys. Such a photo-interpretation task, although important and linked to the sampling exercise, is not addressed in this document but represents next priority for the future work.JRC.H.4-Monitoring Agricultural Resource

Association between hearing loss and vestibular disorders : a review of the interference of hearing in the balance

Dizziness is very prevalent and makes a great impact on people’s life. Because of anatomical and functional similarities of hearing and vestibular systems, it is noted that there is a big relation between hearing loss and vestibular disorders. Depending on the age onset of hearing loss, it can cause even delay on motor development. Objective: To find literature that demonstrates the relation between hearing and balance. Confirming that hearing loss or even intervention to improve quality of hearing can interfere on vestibular system. Methodology: Revision of literature was carried out, preferring recent research only in English. Conclusion: Cochlea and vestibular systems have a close relationship; changes in one of them can cause big damage in the other. So, a complete evaluation of vestibular system is recommended before ear surgeries. Video Head Impulse Test is a new procedure able to evaluate high frequency movements of the head. It was an additional exam of vestibular status and came to help detect problems that were not diagnosed before. Efforts must be directed in order to protect the balance

The potential use of melatonin for preventing cisplatin ototoxicity : an insight for a clinical approach

Cisplatin, one of the most effective and potent anticancer drugs, is used in the treatment of a wide variety of both pediatric and adult malignancies. However, the chemotherapeutic use of cisplatin is limited by its serious side effects, such as nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Ototoxicity produced by cisplatin is usually persistent, depending on the age of the patient, the cumulative number of doses, the number of chemotherapy cycles, the history of noise exposure, and deteriorating renal function. The mechanism of the ototoxicity caused by cisplatin is based on the generation of reactive oxygen species, which interfere with the antioxidant protection of the organ of Corti. Thus, protecting the cochlea with antioxidants ameliorates ototoxicity from cisplatin. In this context, melatonin appears as a therapeutic option for preventing the ototoxic effects of cisplatin, since the research in the last decade has proven its ability to be both a direct free radical scavenger and indirect antioxidant. In this sense, some of the evidence suggesting that melatonin is efficient for combating cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is summarized and discussed in this paper

Information Systems Evaluation: A Study in Hospital Organizations

Given increasing demand for timely and accurate information to support decision making, hospitals, a particularly complex type of service organization, have increasingly resorted to a wide range of tools such as the Clinical Information Systems (CIS). However, research has shown that such systems do not always meet hospital managers’ needs, and assessment processes are necessary both before and after CIS implementation. Aiming to identify whether the CIS do meet hospital managers’ information needs and do fit in the specificities of such organizations, this paper reports on the assessment of four CIS based on the perspective of their users in four hospitals in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews and non-obtrusive observation. On the one hand, the result shows that the four organizations have difficulties in using their systems, such as accessibility problems, inadequate training and system underutilization. On the other hand, they also benefit from such systems, as they make processes faster and enable information control. One can say that the results from this research contribute to a better understanding of evaluating information systems in hospitals. Managers of such organizations can benefit from these results when seeking to evaluate and improve their information systens

Infecções respiratórias em crianças menores de dois anos de idade submetidas a profilaxia com palivizumabe

OBJECTIVE: To identify the viruses involved in acute respiratory tract infections and to analyze the rates of hospitalization and death in children on palivizumab prophylaxis.METHODS:Prospective cohort of 198 infants up to one year old who were born before 29 weeks of gestational age and infants under two years old with hemodynamically unstable cardiopathy or chronic pulmonary disease who received prophylactic palivizumab against severe respiratory syncytial virus infections in 2008. During the study period, in each episode of acute respiratory tract infection, nasopharyngeal aspirate was collected to identify respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, parainfluenza 1, 2 and 3, influenza A and B by direct immunofluorescence, rhinovirus and metapneumovirus by polymerase chain reaction preceded by reverse transcription. Data regarding hospitalization and deaths were monitored.RESULTS:Among the 198 studied infants, 117 (59.1%) presented acute respiratory tract infections, with a total of 175 episodes. Of the 76 nasopharyngeal aspirates collected during respiratory tract infections, 37 were positive, as follow: rhinovirus (75.7%), respiratory syncytial virus (18.9%), parainfluenza (8.1%), adenovirus 2 (2.7%), metapneumovirus (2.7%) and three samples presented multiple agents. Of the 198 children, 48 (24.4%) were hospitalized: 30 (15.2%) for non-infectious etiology and 18 (9.1%) for respiratory causes. Among these 18 children, one case of respiratory syncytial virus was identified. Two deaths were reported, but respiratory syncytial virus was not identified.CONCLUSIONS:During the prophylaxis period, low frequency of respiratory syncytial virus infections and low rates of hospitalization were observed, suggesting the benefit of palivizumab prophylaxis.OBJETIVO:Identificar los virus implicados en los cuadros de infecciones agudas de trato respiratorio y analizar las tasas de internación y de óbito en niños sometidos a la profilaxis con palivizumabe.MÉTODOS:Cohorte prospectiva con 198 niños con menos de un año nacidas antes de 29 semanas de edad gestacional y niños con menos de dos años con cardiopatía hemodinámicamente inestable o enfermedad pulmonar crónica que recibieron palivizumabe para profilaxis contra infecciones graves por el virus sincitial respiratorio, en 2008. En el periodo de estudio, en cada episodio de infección aguda del trato respiratorio, se recogió aspirado de nasofaringe para identificar virus sincitial respiratorio, adenovirus, parainfluenza 1,2 y 3, influenza A y B por técnica del anticuerpo fluorescente directa, rinovirus y metapneumovirus por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa precedida por transcriptasa inversa. Se monitorean internaciones y óbitos en ese grupo.RESULTADOS:De los 198 niños seguidos, 117 (59,1%) presentaron infecciones agudas de trato respiratorio, totalizando 175 episodios. De 76 aspirados de nasofaringe recogidos en la vigencia de infecciones de trato respiratorio, 37 fueron positivos, encontrándose: rinovirus (75,7%), virus sincitial respiratorio (18,9%), parainfluenza (8,1%), adenovirus (2,7%), metapneumovirus (2,7%) y múltiples agentes en tres muestras. De los 198 niños, 48 (24,4%) fueron internados, siendo 30 (15,2%) por etiología no respiratoria y 18 (9,1%) por problemas respiratorios; entre los 18 casos, uno fue por virus sincitial respiratorio. Dos niños evolucionaron a óbito, no habiendo sido identificado el virus sincitial respiratorio.CONCLUSIONES:En la vigencia de profilaxis, se observó frecuencia baja de infecciones por el virus sincitial respiratorio y bajo índice de hospitalizaciones, sugiriendo beneficio de la profilaxis con palivizumabe.OBJETIVO:Identificar os vírus envolvidos nos quadros de infecções agudas de trato respiratório e analisar as taxas de internação e de óbito em crianças submetidas à profilaxia com palivizumabe.MÉTODOS:Coorte prospectiva com 198 crianças menores de um ano nascidas antes de 29 semanas de idade gestacional e crianças menores de dois anos com cardiopatia hemodinamicamente instável ou doença pulmonar crônica que receberam palivizumabe para profilaxia contra infecções graves pelo vírus sincicial respiratório, em 2008. No período do estudo, em cada episódio de infecção aguda do trato respiratório, coletou-se aspirado de nasofaringe para identificar vírus sincicial respiratório, adenovírus, parainfluenza 1, 2 e 3, influenza A e B por imunofluorescência direta, rinovírus e metapneumovírus por reação em cadeia de polimerase precedida de transcriptase reversa. Monitoraram-se internações e óbitos nesse grupo.RESULTADOS: Das 198 crianças acompanhadas, 117 (59,1%) apresentaram infecções agudas de trato respiratório, totalizando 175 episódios. De 76 aspirados de nasofaringe coletados na vigência de infecções do trato respiratório, 37 foram positivos, encontrando-se: rinovírus (75,7%), vírus sincicial respiratório (18,9%), parainfluenza (8,1%), adenovírus (2,7%), metapneumovírus (2,7%) e múltiplos agentes em três amostras. Das 198 crianças, 48 (24,4%) foram internadas, sendo 30 (15,2%) por etiologia não respiratória e 18 (9,1%) por problemas respiratórios; entre os 18 casos, um foi por vírus sincicial respiratório. Duas crianças evoluíram para óbito, não tendo sido identificado o vírus sincicial respiratório.CONCLUSÕES:Na vigência de profilaxia, observou-se frequência baixa de infecções pelo vírus sincicial respiratório e baixo índice de hospitalizações, sugerindo benefício da profilaxia com palivizumabe.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM)UNIFESP, EPMSciEL

A INOVAÇÃO NA GESTÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA PELO USO DA TECNOLOGIA ATRAVÉS DE UM SISTEMA DE EMISSÃO DE DIPLOMAS BASEADO EM CERTIFICAÇÃO DIGITAL NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA – UFSC

O objeto do presente artigo é fomentar a analise de uma perspectiva para o desenvolvimento e implantação de um sistema de emissão de diplomas baseado em certificação digital na, pela inovação na gestão universitária, através do uso da tecnologia de certificação digital. Essa ferramenta de gestão, que necessita de um estudo de análise sociotécnica de viabilidade para implantação, tem por finalidade a otimização de processos e agregar segurança ao processo de emissão de diplomas da UFSC. A proposta de valor desta pesquisa contempla o estudo dos requisitos mínimos, no que tangem a tecnologia, as pessoas e os processos, para auxiliar a administração universitária na tomada de decisão quanto a implantação da certificação digital no processo de emissão de diplomas na UFSC. A busca pela qualidade no diploma está contemplado na proposta de valor supracitada, com melhoria na eficiência do processo, na inovação da gestão pela difusão da tecnologia, e oportunizará agregar confiabilidade, agilidade e segurança aos diplomas emitidos pela UFSC. O diploma com certificação digital, como estratégia para divulgação e difusão do uso da certificação digital na comunidade universitária, é outro ponto relevante na proposta de valor desta pesquisa

PERSPECTIVAS E MUDANÇAS NAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR

Considerando as dificuldades dos professores serem gestores, verdadeiros líderes, levando em consideração o estilo de liderança-.coach. Para tanto, serão consideradas iniciativas do governo a partir da institucionalização da Lei nº 11.091/2005 e suas regulamentações (BRASIL, 2012), que implementaram a Política Nacional de Desenvolvimento de Pessoal da administração pública federal direta autárquica e fundacional (PNDP), no qual emerge o conceito de gestão de competência. Um enfoque importante deste decreto é a capacitação gerencial e a qualificação necessária para a ocupação de cargos de direção e assessoramento superiores. Nesse enfoque, o presente estudo tem como objetivo refletir a respeito da liderança-coach. Para isto, utilizamos materiais constituídos, principalmente, por livros e artigos científicos, o que se denomina pesquisa bibliográfica. Desta forma, espera-se contribuir para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas na área de liderança e sua importância dentro do contexto educacional

Hearing preservation in cochlear implant surgery

In the past, it was thought that hearing loss patients with residual low-frequency hearing would not be good candidates for cochlear implantation since insertion was expected to induce inner ear trauma. Recent advances in electrode design and surgical techniques have made the preservation of residual low-frequency hearing achievable and desirable. The importance of preserving residual low-frequency hearing cannot be underestimated in light of the added benefit of hearing in noisy atmospheres and in music quality. The concept of electrical and acoustic stimulation involves electrically stimulating the nonfunctional, high-frequency region of the cochlea with a cochlear implant and applying a hearing aid in the low-frequency range. The principle of preserving low-frequency hearing by a “soft surgery” cochlear implantation could also be useful to the population of children who might profit from regenerative hair cell therapy in the future. Main aspects of low-frequency hearing preservation surgery are discussed in this review: its brief history, electrode design, principles and advantages of electric-acoustic stimulation, surgical technique, and further implications of this new treatment possibility for hearing impaired patients

Tradução e ciência no iluminismo lusobrasileiro: intertextualidade em epígrafes e divisas

Researchers working with translation history have been benefiting from information stemming from editorial paratexts, and these elements have also become an acceptable tool for science historians. For both groups of researchers, crucial information concerning intellectual and cultural affiliations can be unveiled by paratexts, taken as evidence of a written work’s materiality in a given point in time and space, as well as of the intervention of authors, translators and editors in the way such work is to be interpreted. The  revealing role of paratextual elements is even more prominent if one is interested in intertextual connections, which is the case with this paper. Here focus is given to epigraphs and mottoes, in a discussion based on the content of title pages of translations produced within the Luso-Brazilian Enlightenment. Published at the turn of the 18th century in Lisbon and under the supervision of Brazilian-born Friar José Mariano da Conceição Velloso[1], these translation aimed at the progress of the Portuguese Kingdom through the dissemination of “useful science.” Their epigraphs and mottoes are relevant material for translation and science historians alike, as they allow for a deeper understanding of cultural networks decisive to the dissemination of enlightened ideas in Portuguese language.  [1] Various spellings have been given in historiography to the Friar’s surname: ‘Veloso’, ‘Velozo’, ‘Velloso’ and ‘Vellozo’. The form Velloso seems to have been favoured in bibliographical data, reason why it is adopted here.As pesquisas na área de história da tradução há muito têm se beneficiado com a análise dos paratextos editoriais, material que também utilizado nas investigações conduzidas por historiadores da ciência. Nessas áreas, o recurso a esses elementos — marcas tanto da materialidade do texto em determinado contexto temporal e espacial quanto da intervenção de autores, tradutores e editores na interpretação das obras — pode revelar características importantes acerca das filiações intelectuais e culturais desses agentes, em particular se for dada atenção à intertextualidade criada. Nesse sentido, voltado mais especificamente para o exame de epígrafes e divisas, este trabalho apresenta discussão feita com base em material constante em páginas de rosto de traduções produzidas no âmbito do Iluminismo luso-brasileiro. Publicadas na virada do século XVIII em Lisboa sob a coordenação do Frei José Mariano da Conceição Veloso, essas obras tinham o propósito de trazer o progresso ao Reino Português por meio da chamada boa e útil ciência. As epígrafes e divisas nelas encontradas são tema relevante igualmente para a história da tradução e para a história das ciências, pois seu exame permite compreensão mais aprofundada de redes culturais determinantes para a disseminação do ideário iluminista em língua portugues

Theoretical and experimental study on electron interactions with chlorobenzene: Shape resonances and differential cross sections

In this work, we report theoretical and experimental cross sections for elastic scattering of electrons by chlorobenzene (ClB). The theoretical integral and differential cross sections (DCSs) were obtained with the Schwinger multichannel method implemented with pseudopotentials (SMCPP) and the independent atom method with screening corrected additivity rule (IAM-SCAR). The calculations with the SMCPP method were done in the static-exchange (SE) approximation, for energies above 12 eV, and in the static-exchange plus polarization approximation, for energies up to 12 eV. The calculations with the IAM-SCAR method covered energies up to 500 eV. The experimental differential cross sections were obtained in the high resolution electron energy loss spectrometer VG-SEELS 400, in Lisbon, for electron energies from 8.0 eV to 50 eV and angular range from 7 degrees to 110 degrees. From the present theoretical integral cross section (ICS) we discuss the low-energy shape-resonances present in chlorobenzene and compare our computed resonance spectra with available electron transmission spectroscopy data present in the literature. Since there is no other work in the literature reporting differential cross sections for this molecule, we compare our theoretical and experimental DCSs with experimental data available for the parent molecule benzene. Published by AIP Publishing