THE EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT ORAL MAGNESIUM SUPPLEMENTS FOR MIGRAINE PREVENTION: A LITERATURE REVIEW

No study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of particular oral magnesium supplement over another in preventing migraine. Different magnesium supplements have different oral absorption and bioavailability. The objective was to identify the efficacy of different oral magnesium supplements in migraine prophylaxis. A literature review using MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane library, and EMBASE was conducted during the period from November 1, 2015 until December 30, 2015. Keywords included migraine, prophylaxis, and magnesium. Magnesium citrate was used as single oral migraine prophylactic supplement in most of the published trials. Migraine attack frequency and intensity were significantly lower in magnesium citrate group compared to placebo with 41.6-64% and 43-59% reduction in migraine attack frequency and severity frequently. Magnesium oxide was used in combination with magnesium citrate in 2 randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and used alone in one RCT in adults and children. No different in migraine frequency or severity between Mg-oxide and placebo in RCT conducted in children while Only Mg-oxide containing groups showed significant reduction in migraine days when compared to control (p<0.006) in RCT conducted in adults.  Magnesium chloride had never introduced as migraine prophylactic agent in clinical trials. Magnesium citrate seems to be the preferred oral magnesium supplement for migraine prevention; however, further studies comparing the efficacy of different oral magnesium supplements are needed

Trauma, History, and Terror in the Poetry of Yusef Komunyakaa and Sinan Antoon

In her comparative study “Trauma, History, and Terror in the Poetry of Yusef Komunyakaa and Sinan Antoon,” Hessa A. Alghadeer considers the work of the African American poet Yusef Komunyakaa (b. 1941) and the (Arab) Iraqi poet Sinan Antoon (b. 1967) through the lens of trauma theory of some notable theorists including; Freud, Cathy Caruth, Jean Laplanche, Roger Luckhurst, and Shoshana Felman—have negotiated in this field. The article explores the literary manifestations of trauma in two distinct historical periods and geographical settings to show the specificities of each prototype and how the historical-cultural significance and textual meanings of trauma have intertwined into a plural space. Drawing upon a cluster of selected poems, the article investigates through textual analysis how Komunyakaa and Antoon bring to light, articulate, and address their historic traumas, and how they elaborate similar discourses of trauma across their distinct cultures. The article thereby underlines the power of the poetic word and image to unveil several complex manifestations of trauma. It asserts that these two poets are situated within a global context that empowers the poetic voice and brings vitality to the predicaments of the traumatized subjects through a broad sense of connectivity and belonging regardless of their distinct histories, cultures, and homelands

Relationship Between Waiting Time, Anxiety and Sleep Disturbances Among Saudi Parents of Children Admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Parents of children admitted to PICU experience extreme level of anxiety. It is an extremely difficult process for parents to make a transition from parents of well-child to parents of acutely ill child. Aim: To identify the relationship between waiting time, anxiety and sleep disturbances among saudi parents of children admitted to pediatric intensive care unit. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive correlational study design was employed to conduct this study on a convienience sample of 115 adult parents of children admitted to the PICU. Participants were asked to complete three questionnaire survey including participant’s demographic background, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and a parental sleep disturbance questionnaire. An explanation about the purpose and the nature of the study was offered for each individual potential participant. Subjects were assured about the confidentiality of the collected data and that it will be only used by the researcher for the purpose of the current study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: More than half of the participants (62.6%) scored 12 and above reflecting considerable levels of anxiety. A very significant precentage (92.7%) of the parents reported sleep problems. Three quarters of the participants (73.2%) mentioned that sleep problems affected them negatively. There was a highly statistically significant difference between groups with different educational background in relation to anxiety, as well Unemployed participants experienced significantly higher anxiety. Conclusion: The findings of this exploratory study indicate considerable levels of anxiety and changes in sleep pattern of parents of children admitted to paediatric intensive care unit. During this period, identifying the parental needs and the causes of anxiety might contribute to parents' mental health. Keywords: PICU, Parental Anxiety, waiting time, sleep disturbances DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/71-11 Publication date: February 29th 202

Mitigating coherent loss in superconducting circuits using molecular self-assembled monolayers

In planar superconducting circuits, decoherence due to materials imperfections, especially two-level-system (TLS) defects at different interfaces, is a primary hurdle for advancing quantum computing and sensing applications. Traditional methods for mitigating TLS loss, such as etching oxide layers at metal and substrate interfaces, have proven to be inadequate due to the persistent challenge of oxide regrowth. In this work, we introduce a novel approach that employs molecular self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to chemically bind at different interfaces of superconducting circuits. This technique is specifically tested here on coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonators, in which this method not only impedes oxide regrowth after surface etching but can also tailors the dielectric properties at different resonators interfaces. The deployment of SAMs results in a consistent improvement in the measured quality factors across multiple resonators, surpassing those with only oxide-etched resonators. The efficiency of our approach i3s supported by microwave measurements of multiple devices conducted at millikelvin temperatures and correlated with detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterizations of SAM-passivated resonators. The compatibility of SAMs materials with the established fabrication techniques offers a promising route to improve the performance of superconducting quantum devices

Quantum state discrimination enhanced by path signature

Quantum state discrimination plays an essential role in quantum technology, crucial for quantum error correction, metrology, and sensing. While conventional methods rely on integrating readout signals or classifying raw signals, we developed a method to extract information about state transitions during readout, based on the path signature method, a tool for analyzing stochastic time series. The hardware experiments demonstrate an improvement in transmon qutrit state readout fidelity from 85.9 $\pm$ 1.0% to 91.0 $\pm$ 0.5%, without the need for additional hardware. This method has the potential to become a foundational tool for quantum technology

Performance of Superconducting Resonators Suspended on SiN Membranes

Correlated errors in superconducting circuits due to nonequilibrium quasiparticles are a notable concern in efforts to achieve fault tolerant quantum computing. The propagation of quasiparticles causing these correlated errors can potentially be mediated by phonons in the substrate. Therefore, methods that decouple devices from the substrate are possible solutions, such as isolating devices atop SiN membranes. In this work, we validate the compatibility of SiN membrane technology with high quality superconducting circuits, adding the technique to the community's fabrication toolbox. We do so by fabricating superconducting coplanar waveguide resonators entirely atop a thin ($\sim$110 nm) SiN layer, where the bulk Si originally supporting it has been etched away, achieving a suspended membrane where the shortest length to its thickness yields an aspect ratio of approximately $7.4 \times 10^3$. We compare these membrane resonators to on-substrate resonators on the same chip, finding similar internal quality factors $\sim$$10^5$ at single photon levels. Furthermore, we confirm that these membranes do not adversely affect the resonator thermalization rate. With these important benchmarks validated, this technique can be extended to qubits.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figure

Characterization of nanostructural imperfections in superconducting quantum circuits

Decoherence in superconducting quantum circuits, caused by loss mechanisms like material imperfections and two-level system (TLS) defects, remains a major obstacle to improving the performance of quantum devices. In this work, we present atomic-level characterization of cross-sections of a Josephson junction and a spiral resonator to assess the quality of critical interfaces. Employing scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and electron-energy loss spectroscopy, we identify structural imperfections associated with oxide layer formation and carbon-based contamination, and correlate these imperfections to the patterning and etching steps in the fabrication process and environmental exposure. These results suggest that TLS imperfections at critical interfaces significantly contribute to limiting device performance, emphasizing the need for an improved fabrication process

Sci-Seq of Human Fetal Salivary Tissue Introduces Human Transcriptional Paradigms and a Novel Cell Population

Multiple pathologies and non-pathological factors can disrupt the function of the non-regenerative human salivary gland including cancer and cancer therapeutics, autoimmune diseases, infections, pharmaceutical side effects, and traumatic injury. Despite the wide range of pathologies, no therapeutic or regenerative approaches exist to address salivary gland loss, likely due to significant gaps in our understanding of salivary gland development. Moreover, identifying the tissue of origin when diagnosing salivary carcinomas requires an understanding of human fetal development. Using computational tools, we identify developmental branchpoints, a novel stem cell-like population, and key signaling pathways in the human developing salivary glands by analyzing our human fetal single-cell sequencing data. Trajectory and transcriptional analysis suggest that the earliest progenitors yield excretory duct and myoepithelial cells and a transitional population that will yield later ductal cell types. Importantly, this single-cell analysis revealed a previously undescribed population of stem cell-like cells that are derived from SD and expresses high levels of genes associated with stem cell-like function. We have observed these rare cells, not in a single niche location but dispersed within the developing duct at later developmental stages. Our studies introduce new human-specific developmental paradigms for the salivary gland and lay the groundwork for the development of translational human therapeutics

A cross-sectional study on the flood emergency preparedness among healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia

This study used a descriptive cross-sectional methodology to measure healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and willingness to respond to a flood scenario in Saudi Arabia. A validated survey was distributed to collect data using a convenience sampling technique through multiple social media platforms. A total of 227 participants were included in this study: 52% of them were aged between 26 to 34 years, 74% were residents from Riyadh, and 52.4% worked in nursing divisions. A significant number of respondents (73.2%) had positive perceptions towards their hospitals’ ability to provide an effective response to a flood, 89% were willing to report to work following a flood, and 90% of participants reported the need to develop both guidelines and training for flood disaster preparedness. Preparation and successful flood mitigation in the hospital setting requires staff that have both knowledge and training in emergency management. One way to obtain such readiness is through competency-based training, including both table-top and full-scale live exercises. Although the willingness to respond to such a flooding emergency was high among staff, the development of guidelines and educational programs is needed in order to develop the competencies and skills sets to improve disaster preparedness response and preparedness efforts

Nursing And Healthcare Administration Roles With The Respiratory Therapist, Medicine, Anesthesia And Radiology Team In ICU Setting

Interprofessional rounds in the intensive care unit (ICU) facilitate scheduled meetings among diverse healthcare professionals to evaluate and analyze clinical information and formulate concise treatment plans for critically ill patients. Implementing a systematic approach to rounding enables each member of the healthcare team to focus on their specific objectives, challenges, and worries. Furthermore, they provide specialist input to the daily care plan to minimize its implications, which is crucial in the management of critically ill patients. A novel quality management (QM) effort has been introduced in an intensive care unit (ICU) to enhance the administration of radiological tests. During regular multidisciplinary conferences (MDCs), radiologists and ICU physicians conduct a thorough reassessment of recent examinations. Additionally, the objectives encompass reducing negative events, enhancing patient contentment, shortening hospital stays, and lowering mortality rates. This issue is especially arduous in critical care units, as these wards admit patients who are severely unwell, have complex medical conditions, and have the worst prognoses. By implementing interprofessional rounds and adopting a collaborative team-based approach, patient outcomes can be maximized