Analysis and observation of grid connected single phase inverter integration

A single-phase grid connected with a photovoltaic (PV) power system that will provide high voltage gain with state model analysis for the control of the system has been presented. In addition to the solar panels, the system is equipped with a dc–dc converter, which allows the panels’ maximum power point to be tracked, a singlephase inverter and PI controller, all connected to a single-phase utility grid. The maximum power point is maintained with a perturb and observe method. A PI controller is used to control the power injected into the grid. The controller is used to generate PWM and also controlling extra power. The maximum power delivered, and it is synchronized with help of PWM to improve the power quality and system efficiency. In this project the design separated in closed loop and open loop designs. The result in both designs are different where is the voltage will be increase up to 3.214% more in closed loop design. Also, the power will increase up to 27.78% in closed loop design

Smart vending machine counter using IOT

The availability of vending machine has become imperative for human as they depend on it to access products conveniently. Customer satisfaction and minimizing the expenses is one of the biggest challenges to the company by working on all details of the vending machine. Keeping the vending machine always full with the stock of inventories is hard to keep because the distances between the vending machines and the supplying company needs huge expenses, so it affects the customer satisfaction when it runs out of stock. For the sake of obtaining both customer satisfaction and minimizing the expenses is by keeping the vending machine always full of its products stock as well as and reducing the expenses we need to work on smart vending machine. This project presents smart vending machine counter using IOT. The developed system count the sales of the products in the vending machine and stores the data in an IOT platform called ThingSpeak platform in real-time. This prototype system consists of two parts namely: hardware and software. The hardware part consists of ESP8266 NodeMCU, IR proximity sensor, DC motor. The software part on the other hand consists of ThingSpeak platform, Scetchware and Wirepusher. The results can be shown the real-time sales of each product in the vending machine (VM) prototype. The prototype was built and tested to collect data for 12 days and analyse these data. Moreover, it shows the development of vending machine mobile application that is used for monitoring as well as getting notifications or alerts when the products is about to be out of stock. Finally, the project design and built conclusion has successfully been able to monitor the stock inventory (SI) in the vending machine in real time so as to reduce expenses and enhance the customer satisfaction. It is considered a novelty that the smart vending machine counter was able to achieve all the targeted objectives and provide an effective smart counting system using IOT technologies an the innovations of Think speak interchangeability with scetchware and wire usher systems. The project was successful in managing to integrate, embed and synchhrnoize all the IOT technologies alongside IR sensor technologies in the form of fully integrated sophisticated smart system. Our system and project modality will be very beneficial to all the manufactures and producers of vending machines industries and businesses

Fundamental Limits of Caching

Caching is a technique to reduce peak traffic rates by prefetching popular content into memories at the end users. Conventionally, these memories are used to deliver requested content in part from a locally cached copy rather than through the network. The gain offered by this approach, which we term local caching gain, depends on the local cache size (i.e, the memory available at each individual user). In this paper, we introduce and exploit a second, global, caching gain not utilized by conventional caching schemes. This gain depends on the aggregate global cache size (i.e., the cumulative memory available at all users), even though there is no cooperation among the users. To evaluate and isolate these two gains, we introduce an information-theoretic formulation of the caching problem focusing on its basic structure. For this setting, we propose a novel coded caching scheme that exploits both local and global caching gains, leading to a multiplicative improvement in the peak rate compared to previously known schemes. In particular, the improvement can be on the order of the number of users in the network. Moreover, we argue that the performance of the proposed scheme is within a constant factor of the information-theoretic optimum for all values of the problem parameters.Comment: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theor