Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and pharmacological evaluation of oxazolone derivatives

A series of 4-aryl methylidene-2-phenyl/methyl-5-(4H)-oxazolone derivatives (2-7) have been synthesized using the reported method by condensation of aldehydes with N-benzoyl / N-acetyl glycine in the presence of zinc oxide as a catalyst and acetic anhydride at room temperature in ethanol. The compounds (2-6) are new derivatives. The structures of compounds were evaluated on the basis of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, EIMS, FT-IR and elemental analysis. All the compounds were screened for their antibacterial and urease inhibition activity. Antibacterial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method using Mueller Hinton Agar medium. Compound (2) showed excellent activity against S. aureus which has 16 mm (80%) inhibition and above 24 mm (70%) against S. typhi. The most active compound against E. coli was compound (6) having 20 mm (80%) inhibition followed by compound (5) having above 18 mm (70%) inhibition. Urease inhibition activity of all the compounds was determined by indophenol method. Compounds (3, 6) and (7) showed significant inhibition against Jacks bean urease

Critical Discourse Analysis of Power Struggle and Marxism Theory in Hwang Dong Hyuk’s Series Squid Game

This paper attempts to explore the abuse of power and powerlessness in the discourse of Hwang Dong Hyuk’s series squid game according to Marxism. The main focus of the paper is how powerless people are targeted through communication and are tricked to believe that they can also be rich and be able to live easy lives if they do what they are told to. It is clear that in today’s society poor class has to follow every order of the elite class in order to survive. The powerlessness of the poor and abuse of power of the elite is clearly shown in this series. By CDA of the selective text it is clear that two classes are being discussed, poor class and elite class. Elite giving orders and poor following them. Abuse of power is clear where it is said by the rich person that he never forced them to play the game. You came back on your own accord. The elite living in luxury is manipulating the poor for his own entertainment. Marxism clearly fits in this situation. If they had power or money of their own, they would have never resorted to such methods. Fairclough 3D model 1992 can also be taken into perspective. As the murder was practiced by a single criminal in that game and some of them also got into doing so

Predictive Job Category Classification Using Deep Learning and Transformer Approaches

In a rapidly evolving job market, accurately predicting job types from job descriptions is crucial for addressing challenges in the dynamic employment sector. This paper explores the application of machine learning and deep learning techniques to improve job category prediction by addressing ambiguous terminology in job descriptions. Using supervised learning, we analyze structured and unstructured data to enhance categorization accuracy and recommend more qualified candidates for hiring processes. A comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms—including Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting—alongside deep learning models such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), reveals significant advancements in precision, recall, and F1 scores for job matching. Among the models, Random Forest achieves the highest accuracy (0.85), while GRU with a three-layer architecture shows competitive results (0.60), and BERT Large matches Random Forest with an accuracy of 0.85. These improvements are demonstrated on a heterogeneous dataset, enhancing the relevance of recommendations. Challenges such as ambiguous job descriptions and the rapidly changing labor market were identified as potential barriers. The study highlights the potential of machine learning to automate recruitment processes, reduce traditional CV screening costs, and improve job seeker experiences. This work pioneers adaptive job recommendation models with the potential to revolutionize global recruitment

Machine learning and feature selection for drug response prediction in precision oncology applications

In-depth modeling of the complex interplay among multiple omics data measured from cancer cell lines or patient tumors is providing new opportunities toward identification of tailored therapies for individual cancer patients. Supervised machine learning algorithms are increasingly being applied to the omics profiles as they enable integrative analyses among the high-dimensional data sets, as well as personalized predictions of therapy responses using multi-omics panels of response-predictive biomarkers identified through feature selection and cross-validation. However, technical variability and frequent missingness in input "big data" require the application of dedicated data preprocessing pipelines that often lead to some loss of information and compressed view of the biological signal. We describe here the state-of-the-art machine learning methods for anti-cancer drug response modeling and prediction and give our perspective on further opportunities to make better use of high-dimensional multi-omics profiles along with knowledge about cancer pathways targeted by anti-cancer compounds when predicting their phenotypic responses

Attitude of overseas Pakistani students towards modular examination.

oai:mmcedupk_jmmcfinal.jmmc.mmc.edu.pk:article/8Introduction: Modularization an innovative initiative taken by educational institutes around the globe to increase the student’s productivity and efficiency.   Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude regarding modularization in overseas Pakistani students. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted at the International Medical College of one of the public sector university during December 2012 till February 2014. A total of 425 undergraduate students were approached through non-probability convenience sampling technique and requested to fill a semi structured questionnaire after taking written consent. Result: According to the outset of this paper a total of 425 students were questioned. Among the total 189 students were male (44.47%) and 236 were female (55.52%) out of which the majority belonged from North America/Canada (79.06%). A vast percentage (48.94) invested of about 2 hours of study daily. 63.06% of students believed modular examination to be a fair system and 32.94% of students thought it to be a failure to affect any educational standards. 36% of students blame stress/load for their poor result and 31.06% agrees with the lengthy syllabus being responsible for their down showing GPA’s. 43.06% of students face hardships because of irregular attendance. The major complaint of students (39%) was their teaching style. 46.12% of students prefer to study from lecture notes. Thus, this study completely clears all the aspects of student’s performance in modular system of examinations and its flow and shortcomings. It is important that more effort should be put into cater to student’s stress, loads and make it an effective system to improve a student’s capability and efficiency.  Conclusion: The findings of this study can guide us to revise and reshape the assessment system practiced at various medical colleges in Karachi

Sero-negative celiac disease with dermatitis herpetiformes: a case report

Introduction:We report a case of sero-negative celiac disease in Pakistan. Case Presentation: A 20-year-old female presented with papulovesicular rash for 15 years, diarrhea for 8 years, spasms of hands and twitching of face for 4-5 months. She had mild anemia, low vitamin-D3 and serum calcium. On exclusion of other causes of malabsorption, anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (immunoglobulin-A & immunoglobulin-G), anti-endomysial antibodies, total immunoglobulin-A levels and skin biopsy were performed, which were normal. Intestinal biopsy revealed subtotal villous atrophy. Patient was prescribed gluten-free diet, to which she responded with alleviation of symptoms. Conclusions: Negative serology should not rule out celiac disease, intestinal biopsy should be performed if there is strong clinical suspicion

Perception of Medical students regarding lectures

Objective: To assess the interest of medical students in lectures.Methodology: This prospective study was conducted in four different medical colleges of Pakistan from 1st January till 30th March 2015. Total of 600 students were included in this study. Data collection procedure used was questionnaire which contained both open and close ended questions. Written consent was taken from all the participants & permission was taken from the ethical review board of college. SPSS 15 was used to analyze the data.Results: Almost 59% of students in our study consider the lecture as uninteresting tool in medical studies and only 46% consider lecture as essential part of their education during the college timings. Good part of our study is majority of the students managed to reach lecture in time. 77.25% students consider use multimedia helpful during lectures.Conclusion: According to our study, students consider lecture as not very important and uninteresting part of medical education

Perception of Medical students regarding lectures

Objective: To assess the interest of medical students in lectures.Methodology: This prospective study was conducted in four different medical colleges of Pakistan from 1st January till 30th March 2015. Total of 600 students were included in this study. Data collection procedure used was questionnaire which contained both open and close ended questions. Written consent was taken from all the participants & permission was taken from the ethical review board of college. SPSS 15 was used to analyze the data.Results: Almost 59% of students in our study consider the lecture as uninteresting tool in medical studies and only 46% consider lecture as essential part of their education during the college timings. Good part of our study is majority of the students managed to reach lecture in time. 77.25% students consider use multimedia helpful during lectures.Conclusion: According to our study, students consider lecture as not very important and uninteresting part of medical education

Drug Target Commons : A Community Effort to Build a Consensus Knowledge Base for Drug-Target Interactions

Knowledge of the full target space of bioactive substances, approved and investigational drugs as well as chemical probes, provides important insights into therapeutic potential and possible adverse effects. The existing compound-target bioactivity data resources are often incomparable due to non-standardized and heterogeneous assay types and variability in endpoint measurements. To extract higher value from the existing and future compound target-profiling data, we implemented an open-data web platform, named Drug Target Commons (DTC), which features tools for crowd-sourced compound-target bioactivity data annotation, standardization, curation, and intra-resource integration. We demonstrate the unique value of DTC with several examples related to both drug discovery and drug repurposing applications and invite researchers to join this community effort to increase the reuse and extension of compound bioactivity data.Peer reviewe

Corporate Governance in Turbulent Times: Assessing Firm Performance and Risk in Pakistan During Economic Stability and Crises

This study examines the impact of corporate governance (CG) systems on risk and company performance in Pakistan under stable and crisis conditions. Using eleven years of panel data (2009–2019) from 71 non-financial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) 100 Index, the study applies random effect models and the penalized least squares regression model. The Corporate Governance Index (CGI), based on key CG factors including blockholder’s ownership, independent directors, managerial ownership, CEO duality, institutional ownership, and board ownership serves as a self-assessment measure. Findings indicate no significant relationship between CG and shareholder returns (Tobin’s Q, EPS), except for a positive correlation between CG indicators, board ownership earnings, and firm age. While CG exhibits an inverse relationship with shareholder returns, its contribution to overall performance is limited. Additionally, CG and control variables show an insignificant link to risk, whereas Risk1 (a preceding risk factor) is significantly associated with the dependent variable, risk. The study underscores the importance of strong CG practices in enhancing investor confidence and regulatory trust, reinforcing the need for transparent governance frameworks in Pakistan’s corporate sector.&nbsp