WCDMA in Malaysia

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) A 3G highspeed digital data service provided by cellular carriers that use the time division multiplexing (TDMA) or GSM technology worldwide, including AT&T (formerly Cingular) and T-Mobile in the U.S. WCDMA works on WCDMA cell phones as well as laptops and portable devices with WCDMA modems [1]. Users have typically experienced downstream data rates up to 400 Kbps [1]. WCDMA has been used in the Japanese Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access (FOMA) system and in the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); a third generation follow-on to the 2G GSM networks deployed worldwide [1]. Although TDMA and GSM carriers both use TDMA modulation, WCDMA stems from CDMA. Part of the 3GPP initiative, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) refers to WCDMA as the Direct Sequence (DS) interface within the IMT-2000 global 3G standards [1]

On the manifold structure of the set of unparameterized embeddings with low regularity

Given manifolds $M$ and $N$, with $M$ compact, we study the geometrical structure of the space of embeddings of $M$ into $N$, having less regularity than $\mathcal C^\infty$, quotiented by the group of diffeomorphisms of $M$.Comment: To appear in the Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Societ

The mathematical approach for proximity analysis for 3D GIS

Next generation of GIS software would highly depend on 3D analysis in solving geographic problems. 3D analysis is a very important component for GIS as it defines as decision making tools for geographic features. One would like to query about geographic object from numerical calculation or propose optimum solutions for GIS applications. Such desired components in future software or system are to deal with the 3D analytical solutions. This paper presents a portion of the problems, which are 3D solid buffering for 3D GIS. This analytical solution is very important for 3D spatial analysis. The discussion related to the implementation of buffering model for solid object is the main concern in the research, where the primitive objects of point, line, and face will be taken in consideration for the development of 3D solid bufferin

Calabi-Bernstein results for maximal surfaces in Lorentzian product spaces

In this paper we establish new Calabi-Bernstein results for maximal surfaces immersed into a Lorentzian product space of the form $M^2\times\mathbb{R}_1$, where $M^2$ is a connected Riemannian surface and $M^2\times\mathbb{R}_1$ is endowed with the Lorentzian metric $=_{M}-dt^2$. In particular, when $M$ is a Riemannian surface with non-negative Gaussian curvature $K_M$, we prove that any complete maximal surface in $M^2\times\mathbb{R}_1$ must be totally geodesic. Besides, if $M$ is non-flat we conclude that it must be a slice $M\times\{t_0\}$, $t_0\in\mathbb{R}$ (here by "complete" it is meant, as usual, that the induced Riemannian metric on the maximal surface from the ambient Lorentzian metric is complete). We prove that the same happens if the maximal surface is complete with respect to the metric induced from the Riemannian product $M^2\times\mathbb{R}$. This allows us to give also a non-parametric version of the Calabi-Bernstein theorem for entire maximal graphs in $M^2\times\mathbb{R}_1$, under the same assumptions on $K_M$. Moreover, we also construct counterexamples which show that our Calabi-Bernstein results are no longer true without the hypothesis $K_M\geq 0$. These examples are constructed via a duality result between minimal and maximal graphs.Comment: Final version (January 2009). To appear in the Journal of Geometry and Physic

Performance measurement in the service business: the facilities management function

The nature of performance measurement has changed over the past few decades. Generally performance measurement indicates successful management in the fulfilment of organisation goals. In service businesses measuring customer satisfaction and service quality has become an industry standard and as FM is becomes more widely recognised as a component in the business value chain and corporate strategic objectives, the adoption of performance indicators that relate directly to the core business driver is key to success. This paper examines the state of knowledge of performance measurement in a facilities management context, expounds and reveals the role that performance measurement plays in the overall efficiency of the FM service function in relation to service business operation. The paper suggests that a fully developed performance measurement solution can deliver as a business tool whilst acting as a driver in the innovation process of service organisation

High performance computing of explicit schemes for electrofusion jointing process based on message-passing paradigm

The research focused on heterogeneous cluster workstations comprising of a number of CPUs in single and shared architecture platform. The problem statements under consideration involved one dimensional parabolic equations. The thermal process of electrofusion jointing was also discussed. Numerical schemes of explicit type such as AGE, Brian, and Charlies Methods were employed. The parallelization of these methods were based on the domain decomposition technique. Some parallel performance measurement for these methods were also addressed. Temperature profile of the one dimensional radial model of the electrofusion process were also given

Hypersurfaces of constant higher order mean curvature in warped products

In this paper we characterize compact and complete hypersurfaces with some constant higher order mean curvature into warped product spaces. Our approach is based on the use of a new trace operator version of the Omori-Yau maximum principle which seems to be interesting in its own.Comment: To appear in the Transactions of the American Mathematical Society. See http://www.ams.org/cgi-bin/mstrack/accepted_papers?jrnl=tra

Architectural building safety and health performance model for stratified low-cost housing: education and management tool for building managers

The safety and health performances aspects of a building are the most challenging aspect of facility management. It requires a deep understanding by the building managers on the factors that contribute to health and safety performances. This study attempted to develop an explanatory architectural safety performance model for stratified low-cost housing in Malaysia. The proposed Building Safety and Health Performance (BSHP) model was tested empirically through a survey on 308 construction practitioners using partial least squares (PLS) and structural equation modelling (SEM) tool. Statistical analysis results supports the conclusion that architecture, building services, external environment, management approaches and maintenance management have positive influence on safety and health performance of stratified low-cost housing in Malaysia. The findings provide valuable insights for construction industry to introduce BSHP model in the future where the model could be used as a guideline for training purposes of managers and better planning and implementation of building management