Tolerance, Mıgratıon And Hybrıd Identities: Normative Reasoning Of Intercultural Dialogue In A Blurring Structure

The aim of this study is to proof the argument – i.e. ‘there are significant linkages amongst tolerance, hybrid identities and migration.’ These linkages can be comprehended by means of conceptualising extensions of hybrid identities in aggregate trans/inter-migration processes. It can be put forward that arising hybrid identities are embedded in a blurring structure of thoughts, beliefs, states of affairs, facts, belongings and so forth. From multiculturalism and cosmopolitanism viewpoints, it is argued that tolerance and migration ought to be analysed in frame of sociology of law, human rights, international migration law, and of course the European Union law. So far, normative arguments and soft law approaches are very much well integrated with social aspects of migration, tolerance, identity and culture. In this context, the study examines to what extent cultural and human components are protected by law in multiple levels from an interdisciplinary perspective. In this framework, it is crucial to raise the research enquiries: What are possible criteria for the limits of tolerance? To what extent tolerance is related to human rights and morality? What ought to be the limit of tolerance towards hybrid identities in multicultural and cosmopolitan societies? In a consistent manner, the criteria and standards developed by some leading scholars were reconstructed and discussed throughout this paper. These criteria and standards are both moral (part of a universal system of morality) and legal (international, supranational, or national – i.e. constitutional). In order to apply such standards their validity was discussed (i.e. the respective normative power has the norms at the various levels). In the case of morals, their difference to particular ethnic systems was established (i.e. criteria by which the two can be distinguished). Then the research argument was elaborated on whether and how the legal standards comply with the moral standards, how national standards comply with supranational or international standards. Likewise, the study highlights the crucial contributions of “World Society and World System Paradigms” that are associated with social space, global civil society, cosmopolitanism, ethnic diversity, cultural hybridity, human rights activism and public sphere. Recent debates in Refugee Studies (e.g. Syrian Refugee Crisis, Dual and Multiple Citizenship Issues and so forth) highlight the fact that the European Union needs to consider new aspects of tolerance for hybrid identities and tolerate cultural rights of hybrid identities, create cohesion in communities and establish intercultural dialogue amongst home-states and host-states. Sanguinely, the efforts of hybrid identities are strengthening the relations between home-host states and these ought to attract some considerable attention. The authors of this study hope that their endeavours may contribute somewhat towards that

Suitability of calorie fortified diets for improving the production of Clarias gariepinus broodstock and fry

The findings are presented of an experiment conducted to determine the adequate level of calorie in diets that is necessary to bring Clarias gariepinus female broodstock to grand stage. The effect of different calorie level on the quality and quantity of egg produced by C. gariepinus broodstock and the survival rate of the fry fed the same diets and those fed harvested zooplankton were also investigate

Power of global transnational networks : civilizing of world order

Can be a world order shaped by equivalents in the framework of the supranational model of Europe with the same legitimacy and with the same effectiveness? In this study was argued that Civilizing World Order (CWO) by Transnational Norm-Building Networks (TNNs) should have the legitimacy and effectiveness of the European Union supranational order. In this context, the concept of decentration (supra: centralization and infra: decentralization) which includes the nexus of voice (democratic participation) and entitlement (legal-social rights and duties) was examined. In this study as methodology published secondary data, online resources were used in order to reinforce the hypothesis.Kann eine Weltordnung durch Äquivalente, die im Rahmen der supranationalen Modell von Europa mit der gleichen Legitimität und Effektivität geprägt sein? In dieser Studie wurde argumentiert, dass Zivilizierung Welt Ordnung durch Transnationale Norm-bildung Netzwerke (TNNs) sollte die Legitimität und Effizienz der Europäischen Union supranationalen Ordnung haben. In diesem Zusammenhang den Begriff der Dezentrierung (supra: Zentralisierung und Infra: Dezentralisierung) wurde die Verknüpfung von Voice-(demokratischer Beteiligung) und Berechtigung/Verpflichtung (hinsichtlich sozialer und rechtlicher Rechten und Pflichten) umfasst untersucht. In dieser Studie als Methodik veröffentlicht sekundäre Daten und Online-Ressourcen wurden verwendet, um die Hypothese zu stärken.A mund të ketë një rendi botëror të që është krijuar nga Ekuivalentet me modelin mbikombëtare të Evropës me të njëjtin legjitimitet dhe me të njëjtin efektivitet? Në këtë studim është argumentuar se Civilizues së Rendit Botëror sipas Rrjetave Norm-ndertuese Ndërkombëtare duhet të kenë legjitimitetin dhe efektivitetin e rendit të Bashkimit Evropian që është mbikombëtare. Në këtë shikim, nocioni i decentrimit (supra: centralizimi dhe infra: decentralizimi) e cila përfshin lidhjen e zërit (pjesëmarrje demokratike) dhe e drejta (të drejtat ligjore – sociale dhe detyrat) janë shqyrtuar. Në këtë studim si metodologji janë përdorur dhënat të publikuara dhe burimet linjore në mënyrë që të përforcoj hipotezën

HYBRID STRUCTURES IN TOURISM INDUSTRY: Innovative Models, Sociological Insights and Multilevel Approaches

The aim of this study is to examine the new trends in the hybridity research area and clarify the convergence of interests of state actors, private actors and civil society actors. Hybridity is perceived as a ‘multidimensional phenomenon’ and ‘new paradigm’ in tourism industry. The effective collaboration amongst public sector – private sector – civil society can be attained likelihood with taking into account regional governance and multilevel governance. Hybridity at global governance level covers ‘decentration’ (supra: centralisation and infra: decentralisation) which includes the nexus of ‘voice’ (democratic participation) and ‘entitlement’ (legal-social rights and duties). In this framework, this study explores state and non-state interactions at multiple levels and attempts to clarify how hybridisation provides triple win solution for state actors, private actors and civil society actors related issues in realm of theory/praxis dichotomy. Through enhancing legitimacy and effectiveness of the activities and efforts of non-state actors in the framework of (quasi)indirect centralisation process, states ensure reciprocal understanding. In this study, constructivism was followed as paradigmatic research method

A survey of self organisation in future cellular networks

This article surveys the literature over the period of the last decade on the emerging field of self organisation as applied to wireless cellular communication networks. Self organisation has been extensively studied and applied in adhoc networks, wireless sensor networks and autonomic computer networks; however in the context of wireless cellular networks, this is the first attempt to put in perspective the various efforts in form of a tutorial/survey. We provide a comprehensive survey of the existing literature, projects and standards in self organising cellular networks. Additionally, we also aim to present a clear understanding of this active research area, identifying a clear taxonomy and guidelines for design of self organising mechanisms. We compare strength and weakness of existing solutions and highlight the key research areas for further development. This paper serves as a guide and a starting point for anyone willing to delve into research on self organisation in wireless cellular communication networks