Extension de la métaphore collaborative et application à un environnement de création

International audienceCet article s'interroge sur la multimodalité dans les environnements interactifs de création. Une bimodalité particulière est étudiée : la collaboration manipulation directe / "manipulation textuelle". Cette étude est basée sur la notion de métaphore collaborative de Hutchin. Nous détaillons cette métaphore de manière à aboutir à une collaboration inédite entre les deux modalités. Cette collaboration est expliquée dans le cas du logiciel MIMESIS, environnement dédié à la modélisation physique particulaire

Power system security enhancement by HVDC links using a closed-loop emergency control

In recent years, guaranteeing that large-scale interconnected systems operate safely, stably and economically has become a major and emergency issue. A number of high profile blackouts caused by cascading outages have focused attention on this issue. Embedded HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) links within a larger AC power system are known to act as a “firewall” against cascading disturbances and therefore, can effectively contribute in preventing blackouts. A good example is the 2003 blackout in USA and Canada, where the Québec grid was not affected due to its HVDC interconnection. In the literature, many works have studied the impact of HVDC on the power system stability, but very few examples exist in the area of its impact on the system security. This paper presents a control strategy for HVDC systems to increase their contribution to system security. A real-time closed-loop control scheme is used to modulate the DC power of HVDC links to alleviate AC system overloads and improve system security. Simulations carried out on a simplified model of the Hydro-Québec network show that the proposed method works well and can greatly improve system security during emergency situations.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Effect of aging on the reinforcement efficiency of carbon nanotubes in epoxy matrix

The reinforcement efficiency of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in epoxy matrix was investigated in the elastic regime. Cyclic uniaxial tensile tests were performed at constant strain amplitude and increasing maximum strain. Post-curing of the epoxy and its composite at a temperature close to the glass transition temperature allowed us to explore the effect of aging on the reinforcement efficiency of CNT. It is found that the reinforcement efficiency is compatible with a mean field mixture rule of stress reinforcement by random inclusions. It also diminishes when the maximum strain increased and this effect is amplified by aging. The decrease of elastic modulus with increasing cyclic maximum strain is quite similar to the one observed for filled elastomers with increasing strain amplitude, a phenomenon often referred as the Payne effect

Corruption, croissance économique et pauvreté : cas des pays méditerranéens

L’objectif de ce papier est d’étudier l’incidence des inégalités de revenu, de la croissance économique et de la corruption sur la pauvreté. Pour ce faire, nous développons, tout d’abord, une revue de la littérature sur le lien entre croissance et pauvreté. Ensuite, nous soulevons l’importance du rôle des institutions dans l’amélioration de la croissance économique et la lutte contre la pauvreté. Enfin, nous étudions l’incidence des ces facteurs sur la pauvreté pour un échantillon des sept pays méditerranéens pour la période 1995-2007. Les résultats dégagés prouvent que la croissance est pro-pauvre et que la corruption nuit à la croissance économique et aggrave la pauvreté

Performance measures in the genetic design of digital controllers for robotic manipulators

Genetic algorithms are used to design digital multivariable PID controllers for robotic manipulators for typical trajectory-tracking tasks when various different performance measures are used. It is thus shown that, by using an appropriate performance measure, the set of controller parameters can be readily found that determines the optimal time-domain trajectory-tracking behaviour for such tasks. This use of genetic algorithms is illustrated by the design of digital trajectory-tracking PID controllers for a typical three-degree-of-freedom robotic manipulator.published_or_final_versio

Grid Power Quality Enhancement Using Fuzzy Control-Based Shunt Active Filtering

Active filtering has proved efficient for the mitigation of harmonics in distribution grids. This paper deals with the design of fuzzy control strategies for a three-phase shunt active filter to enhance the power quality via the regulation of the DC bus voltage of the distribution network. The proposed control scheme is based on Interval Type 2 Fuzzy Logic controller. A simulation study is performed under Simulink/Matlab to evaluate the performance and robustness of the proposed control schemePeer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Power Quality Improvement and Low Voltage Ride through Capability in Hybrid Wind-PV Farms Grid-Connected Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer

© 2018 IEEE. Translations and content mining are permitted for academic research only. Personal use is also permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission.This paper proposes the application of a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) to enhance the power quality and improve the low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of a three-phase medium-voltage network connected to a hybrid distribution generation system. In this system, the photovoltaic (PV) plant and the wind turbine generator (WTG) are connected to the same point of common coupling (PCC) with a sensitive load. The WTG consists of a DFIG generator connected to the network via a step-up transformer. The PV system is connected to the PCC via a two-stage energy conversion (dc-dc converter and dc-ac inverter). This topology allows, first, the extraction of maximum power based on the incremental inductance technique. Second, it allows the connection of the PV system to the public grid through a step-up transformer. In addition, the DVR based on fuzzy logic controller is connected to the same PCC. Different fault condition scenarios are tested for improving the efficiency and the quality of the power supply and compliance with the requirements of the LVRT grid code. The results of the LVRT capability, voltage stability, active power, reactive power, injected current, and dc link voltage, speed of turbine, and power factor at the PCC are presented with and without the contribution of the DVR system.Peer reviewe