Entre scrupule éthique et crapule méthodologique

Cet article explore la dynamique qui a traversé les partis-pris méthodologiques et le souci éthique d’un travail mené, par certains aspects, en « contrebande » des organisations en raison de la sensibilité d’un questionnement portant sur le dissensus en entreprises et les dilemmes managériaux. Nous développons une approche réflexive sur les trois dimensions inhérentes à des « manières de faire » scrupuleuses et crapuleuses consistant d’abord à faire place à une recherche d’interstices entre commande et contrebande (1.), puis à faire attention aux dilemmes vécus (2.) et enfin à faire fruit des contraintes et difficultés rencontrées (3.). Cela nous amène à interroger la vertu heuristique de l’inconfort pour appréhender un phénomène composite et une expérience se racontant à bas-bruits

New host record for \u3ci\u3eEntylia carinata\u3c/i\u3e (Forster) (Hemiptera: Membracidae)

Yacon, Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H. Rob (Asteraceae), is recorded as a new host plant for Entylia carinata (Forster) (Hemiptera: Membracidae) in Mt. Holly, NC. Adults, nymphs, and attending ants were found on numerous plants

New host record for \u3ci\u3eEntylia carinata\u3c/i\u3e (Forster) (Hemiptera: Membracidae)

Yacon, Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H. Rob (Asteraceae), is recorded as a new host plant for Entylia carinata (Forster) (Hemiptera: Membracidae) in Mt. Holly, NC. Adults, nymphs, and attending ants were found on numerous plants

Entre scrupule éthique et crapule méthodologique

This article is the product of a research on managerial dilemmas and the expression of dissent in organizations. Such research has been guided both by an ethical care for the interviewees and the need to “smuggle” during some phases of our fieldwork, given the sensitive aspect of our topic. More specifically, we focus on a dynamic that has underlined the tinkering of our method: the need to “scrump” some aspects of the research and the scruples it has created. First, we will show how we approached this phenomenon through an in between position (at the crossroads of the academic and the professional world) (1.). Then, we will describe how we took into account what the people we interviewed were feeling (2.). Finally, we will explain how we took advantage of the obstacles and difficulties encountered in our field work (3.). All of this will lead us to wonder to what extent these somewhat uncomfortable research methods can still be useful in understanding a “murmuring” phenomenon.Cet article explore la dynamique qui a traversé les partis-pris méthodologiques et le souci éthique d’un travail mené, par certains aspects, en « contrebande » des organisations en raison de la sensibilité d’un questionnement portant sur le dissensus en entreprises et les dilemmes managériaux. Nous développons une approche réflexive sur les trois dimensions inhérentes à des « manières de faire » scrupuleuses et crapuleuses consistant d’abord à faire place à une recherche d’interstices entre commande et contrebande (1.), puis à faire attention aux dilemmes vécus (2.) et enfin à faire fruit des contraintes et difficultés rencontrées (3.). Cela nous amène à interroger la vertu heuristique de l’inconfort pour appréhender un phénomène composite et une expérience se racontant à bas-bruits

Regulation of the tight junction permeabilities in the TAL

The thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TAL) is a key nephron tubule for the reabsorption of divalent cations. This reabsorption occurs entirely through the cation selective paracellular pathway, driven by a lumen-positive transepithelial voltage created by the active transcellular transport. The discovery of the claudin (Cld) family of proteins and their properties has put into focus the study of the regulation in this paracellular pathway. To functionally study the regulation of the tight junction permeabilities, TALs were dissected and microperfused ex vivo. The recording of transepithelial voltages (Vte) and transepithelial resistances (Rte) allowed the calculation of equivalent short circuit currents (Isc), permeability ratios, and absolute paracellular permeabilities to ions (Px) in the TAL. TALs from mice on high calcium diet reached lower values of Vte, PMg and PCa than TALs from the control group, indicating clearly that a regulatory process has taken place. Low calcium intake for 8 days had no verifiable effects in the TAL of those mice. TALs were studied after challenging mice water homeostasis or by directly stimulating isolated TALs with vasopressin (AVP). TALs from water-restricted mice had lower Rte, with higher Vte, Isc, and PNa than tubules from water-loaded mice. Acute ex vivo stimulation of TALs with AVP, showed that AVP increase the paracellular selectivity for cations. Thus, water restriction and AVP induce regulation in the paracellular pathway in the TAL. Transgenic knock-out mouse models were used to characterize the functionality of the tight-junction in the TAL when Cld10, Cld16, or both claudins simultaneously were absent. The results suggest that both claudins are complementary, and their deficiency largely affects the paracellular permeability to cations. In summary, the data presented here are a further step in characterizing the paracellular pathway in the TAL and its regulation as a physiologically relevant mechanism in ion homeostasis