La Banque centrale européenne et la nouvelle gouvernance économique européenne: le défi de l’intégration différenciée = The European Central Bank and the new European economic governance: the challenge of differential integration. Research Paper in Law 01/2015

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Internet matarà o salvarà la premsa científica? L'experiència de la revista francesa 'La Recherche'

Des que es va començar a desenvolupar, no fa ni vint anys, Internet ha trasbalsat el paisatge mediàtic, començant per l’escrit. Els diaris de paper han hagut de prendre-ho ben en compte. En aquest article presentem una panoràmica de la situació de la divulgació científica a França a partir de l’experiència de La Recherche, una revista mensual de divulgació científica, i de la d’altres mitjans francesos

Para formal no centro da cidade

I Congresso Internacional América Latina e Interculturalidade: América Latina e Caribe: cenários linguístico-culturais contemporâneos, 07, 08 e 09 de novembro de 2013 - UNILAEscrito fruto da investigação (financiada pela Chamada MCTI /CNPq /MEC/CAPES N o 07/2011) dedicada a mapear a “para­formalidade” em centros de cidades (inicialmente em casos de atuação da equipe do Laboratório de Urbanismo, da FAUrb/UFPel), a partir de cartografias urbanas, fazendo uso de recursos infográficos e sendo divulgado em tempo real por meio de website. A pesquisa se volta para os espaços não regulados, espaços anarquistas, onde se produzem atividades que tendem a subverter as leis da economia tradicional, do urbanismo e das relações humanas, gerando mudanças importantes, tanto teóricas como práticas, na maneira de pensar e planejar a cidade. Os lugares considerados “para­ formais” nessa pesquisa são aqueles que se encontram no cruzamento do formal (formado) e do informal (em formação), constituídos por três pontos: a cidade em formação, o princípio de acordos, regras e projetos; a cidade em desagregação, os processos de acordos urbanos conflitivos, friccionantes ou catastróficos e; as situações urbanas onde existam fortes “indiferenças” estratégicas entre os atores. Como resultados serão produzidos mapas urbanos, onde serão demarcados os territórios “para­formais”, para posteriormente realizar simulações (cenários de futuro: otimistas/pessimistas, temporais, situacionais, etc.) e cruzamento de tipos/categorias. As principais contribuições esperadas são: os avanços na área de cadastro e mapeamento de configurações complexas; a produção local de metodologia e tecnologia; a produção de conhecimento sobre “para­formais” e; a produção de conhecimento sobre metodologia de cartografia urbana

Symbiont diversity is not involved in depth acclimation in the Mediterranean sea whip Eunicella singularis

In symbiotic cnidarians, acclimation to depth and lower irradiance can involve physiological changes in the photosynthetic dinoflagellate endosymbiont, such as increased chlorophyll content, or qualitative modifications in the symbiont population in favour of better adapted strains. It has been argued that a lack of capacity to acquire new symbionts could limit the bathymetric distribution of the host species, or compromise its long-term survival in a changing environment. But is that always true? To address this question, we investigated the symbiont genetic diversity in Eunicella singularis, a Mediterranean sea whip species with a wide bathymetric distribution (10 to 50 m depth), which has recently suffered from mass mortalities after periods of abnormally high sea temperatures. We measured symbiont population densities and chlorophyll content in natural populations, and followed the response of the holobionts after reciprocal transplantations to deep and shallow depths. A total of 161 colonies were sampled at 2 depths (10 and 30 m) at 5 sites in the northwestern Mediterranean. All colonies harboured a single ribosomal Symbiodinium clade (A'), but a relatively high within-clade genetic diversity was found among and within colonies. This diversity was not structured by depth, even though the deeper colonies contained significantly lower population densities of symbionts and less chlorophyll. We did, however, reveal host-symbiont specificity among E. singularis and other Mediterranean cnidarian species. Transplantation experiments revealed a limit of plasticity for symbiont population density and chlorophyll content, which in turn questions the importance of the trophic role of Symbiodinium in E. singularis

The leaves of Mediterranean mandarin could be used as an important source of hesperidin, nobiletin and tangeretin. : S20P04

Citrus are rich in flavonoids such as flavones and flavanones. Recent studies have shown that these phytonutrients play a beneficial role for human health. Citrus plants can contain high levels of hesperidin, a flavanone which is effective in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Nobiletin and tangeretin are two polymethoxylated flavones. Nobiletin has been shown to increase hepatic insulin sensitivity and decrease atherosclerosis. Tangeretin may have antiproliferative and anticarcinogenic effects by blocking MAPKs activation and ROS generation. Studies on flavonoids from citrus are generally focussed on ripe fruits and on one group of metabolites. The aim of this study is to quantify accurately all groups of flavonoid from leaves of mandarin (Citrus deliciosa). Flavones and flavanones analysis was carried out by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) using a new generation column. Moreover, a specific gradient was designed to evaluate both flavanones and methoxylated flavones. This method was applied to leaves from mandarin tree. All leaves were fully-expanded, and were about one-year-old from the spring flush of the previous season. They were of similar height above the ground, had the same east orientation and experienced similar exposure to light. Comparison of metabolite levels revealed that mandarin leaves were rich in hesperidin, nobiletin and tangeretin. Interestingly, nobiletin and tangeretin also accumulated in high level. (Texte integral

Personality trait development in midlife: exploring the impact of psychological turning points

This study examined long-term personality trait development in midlife and explored the impact of psychological turning points on personality change. Self-defined psychological turning points reflect major changes in the ways people think or feel about an important part of their life, such as work, family, and beliefs about themselves and about the world. This study used longitudinal data from the Midlife in the US survey to examine personality trait development in adults aged 40-60years. The Big Five traits were assessed in 1995 and 2005 by means of self-descriptive adjectives. Seven types of self-identified psychological turning points were obtained in 1995. Results indicated relatively high stability with respect to rank-orders and mean-levels of personality traits, and at the same time reliable individual differences in change. This implies that despite the relative stability of personality traits in the overall sample, some individuals show systematic deviations from the sample mean-levels. Psychological turning points in general showed very little influence on personality trait change, although some effects were found for specific types of turning points that warrant further research, such as discovering that a close friend or relative was a much better person than one thought they wer

Contribution of multi-temporal remote sensing images to characterize landslide slip surface ‒ Application to the La Clapière landslide (France)

Landslide activity is partly controlled by the geometry of the slip surface. This activity is traduced at the surface by displacements and topographic variations. Consequently, multi-temporal remote sensing images can be used in order to characterize the geometry of landslide slip surface and its spatial and temporal evolution. Differential Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are obtained by subtracting two DEMs of different years. A method of multi-temporal images correlation allows to generate displacement maps that can be interpreted in terms of velocity and direction of movements. These data are then used to characterize qualitatively the geometry of the slip surface of the la Clapière landslide (French Southern Alps). Distribution of displacement vectors and of topographic variations are in accordance with a curved slip surface, characterizing a preferential rotational behaviour of this landslide. On the other hand, a spatial and temporal evolution of the geometry of the slip surface is pointed out. Indeed, a propagation of the slip surface under the Iglière bar, in the W part of the landslide, is suspected and can be linked to the acceleration of the landslide in 1987. This study shows the high potential of multi-temporal remote sensing images for slip surface characterization. Although this method could not replace in situ investigations, it can really help to well distribute geophysical profiles or boreholes on unstable areas

Analyse des liens entre les départs de dirigeants suite à une mauvaise performance et la création de valeur: une étude menée en France

(VF)L'objectif de l'article est de tester sur une période récente si les changements de dirigeants, suite à une mauvaise performance en France, ont permis aux firmes un retour à de meilleurs résultats. L'étude empirique, menée sur un échantillon de 160 sociétés cotées à Paris ayant changé de dirigeant entre 1996 et 2004, confirme un effet positif sur la création de valeur des départs de dirigeants dans ce contexte si le successeur est un externe, ou si la firme est contrôlée. La réflexion doit être prolongée pour mieux comprendre sous quelles conditions ces départs permettent un retour à de meilleurs résultats.(VA)This article examines the value creation related to CEO departures in the context of poor performing French corporations. The empirical tests conducted on a sample of 160 firms listed on the Paris stock exchange whose CEOs were replaced between 1996 and 2004 give evidence of the positive effect of these departures on firm performance when the successor is an outsider or when firms are controlled. Additional factors should ultimately be analyzed to better understand in which cases CEO departures in the context of poor performance involve value creation.gouvernance des entreprises;départs des dirigeants;performance;corporate governance; CEO departures.

Modeling auxin fluxes and Arabidopsis root ramification at different scales

International audienceno abstrac