Efectos de una Política Turística, Caso de Estudio: Pueblo Mágico de Malinalco 2000-2017.

Para llevar a cabo esta investigación se parte de la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿Qué efectos sufrió la Cabecera Municipal de Malinalco, Estado de México al implementarse el programa Pueblos Mágicos en el periodo comprendido 2000-2017?. Por tanto la hipótesis de la investigación es: la implementación del programa Pueblos Mágicos trajo efectos en la dinámica territorial, social, económica, ambiental y administrativa en la Cabecera Municipal de Malinalco, Estado de México en el periodo 2000-2017. Así, el objetivo general fue identificar los cambios que se propiciaron a partir de la implementación del programa Pueblos Mágicos y con base en ellos, determinar las acciones contundentes para el mejoramiento del programa y para el beneficio de la población de manera pertinente.En 2010, la Cabecera Municipal de Malinalco se hace acreedora de la denominación Pueblo Mágico, categoría adjudicada por poseer un monolito prehispánico enclavado en una de las rocas del Cerro de los Ídolos; de igual manera, se reconoce el Monasterio del Divino Salvador, donde los frailes llegaron en el año de 1573. En este tenor, la implementación del programa de Pueblos Mágicos conllevó a su difusión turística local, nacional e internacional, por ende, la derrama económica se incrementó, específicamente para el caso de Malinalco. Según datos del Instituto de Información e Investigación Geográfica, Estadística, y Catastral del Estado de México (GEM, 2015), la actividad terciaria se posicionó en primer lugar con un total 618.47 millones de pesos de un total de 944.05 millones de pesos para el año 2015. Contexto que a primera vista beneficia al municipio, bastará tener un comparativo de la dinámica que había diez años previos a la implementación y siete años después de que se le otorgó la categoría para comprender los probables efectos que pudieron surgir al implementar el programa Pueblos Mágicos en Malinalco

The effects of vitamin E and vitamin C on the fatigability and contractile characteristics of the toad (Bufo marinus) gastrocnemius muscle

Vitamins are used to enhance various activities in the body. These are taken up to increase muscle endurance and develop muscle strength. In line with this, Vitamin E has often been linked with developed glucose tolerance that would give a great influence on the muscle contraction of toads. On the other hand, Vitamin C is often used by exercise practitioners to decrease oxidative stress, which are caused by an increase in muscular contractile activity. Because of this, both vitamin C and E were subjected treatments for the contractility and fatigability of the gastrocnemius muscle of the toad. Four different concentrations per treatments were used. Vitamin C was available in liquid form of Poten-Cee (100mg/5mL), in concentrations of 5g/100mL, 2.5g/100mL, 1.25g/100mL and 0.625g/100mL while vitamin E was in the form of capsule, Myra-E 400IU, in concentrations of 0.25g/10mL, 0.5g/10mL, 1g/10mL and 1.25g/10mL, respectively. Sixteen mature toads are used having four replicates for each treatment concentrations for both vitamin C and E. For each replicate, both legs of the toads were used, one leg for the control, which is the Ringer\u27s solution and the other leg for the treatment, either vitamin C or E. The PowerLab4st was used to measure the time to fatigue recorded in seconds (s), force mean and maximum contraction recorded in mill volts (mV) of the gastrocnemius muscle of the toad. Gastrocnemius muscle of the toad was dissected and isolated before it was suspended. The muscle was continuously bathed with the reagent to avoid the muscle from drying up when already exposed. Vitamin C and E treatment effects were then observed and analyzed with the power lab. From the gathered results for both vitamin C and E, there was statistically no difference between the means of concentration for p \u3e 0.05. However, an apparent trend was evident for both treatments in all factors. Lower concentrations had more positive results than higher concentrations, implying that there were slight benefits for the gastrocnemius muscl

Trichoderma harzianum in vitro mycoparasitism on Peronospora belbahrii in basil (Ocimum basilicum)

Objective: To describe the symptomatology and to identify the mildew causal agent in basil (Oscimum basilicum), as well as the Trichoderma harzianum-Peronospora belbahrii in vitro mycoparasitic activity. Design/methodology/approach: Samples were taken from Nufar basil cultivars that had been naturally infected by mildew and, afterwards, the causal agent was isolated in order to carry out a pathogenicity test. The T. harzianum-P. belbahrii parasitism stages were observed in samples from the area in which both microorganisms interact. Results: The disease symptoms that reveal the presence of a mildew causal agent on basil plants grown in pots and soil match Peronospora belbahrii. Subsequently, the Trichoderma hyphae rolled up and penetrated and vacuolated the conidiophores and the pathogen mycelium. Study limitations/implications: This study was carried out using only one variety of basil. Findings/conclusions: T. harzianum’s capacity to parasitize P. belbahrii in vitro was observed after 72 h. Once the conidium of the antagonist germinated, the hyphae directed their chemotropism growth towards P. belbahrii’s conidiophores and mycelium.</jats:p