Homem e natureza em um parque nacional do Sul do Brasil: meios de vida e conflitos nos arredores da Lagoa do Peixe

This paper assesses the legitimacy of National Park as the most appropriate category of protected area for the Lagoa do Peixe region, in Southern Brazil. The livelihoods, ecological knowledge and culture of the traditional fishers have been threatened by the creation and implementation of this protected area, leading to conflicts which jeopardize environmental conservation. We suggest that the traditional population be included as partners for the protection of this area of high ecological relevance

Industry dynamics, technological regimes and the role of demand

In this paper, we propose an industrial dynamics model to analyze the interactions between the price-performance sensitivity of demand, the sources of innovation in a sector, and certain features of the corresponding pattern of industrial transformation. More precisely, we study market concentration in different technological regimes and demand conditions. The computational analysis of our model shows that market demand plays a key role in industrial dynamics. Thus, although for intermediate values of the price-performance sensitivity, our results show the well-known relationships in the literature between technological regimes and industry transformation, we find surprising outcomes when demand is strongly biased either towards price or performance. Hence, for different technological regimes, a high performance sensitivity of demand tends to concentrate the market. On the other hand, under conditions of high price sensitivity, the industry generally tends to atomize. That is to say, for extreme values of the price-performance sensitivity of demand, we find concentrated or atomized market structures no matter the technological regime we are in. These results highlight the importance of considering the role of demand in the analysis of industrial dynamics

Educação de jovens e adultos no Museu Histórico de Londrina

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014Este trabalho apresenta uma exploração de campo acerca de uma exposição feita no Museu Histórico de Londrina Padre Carlos Weiss, pelos educandos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) das escolas que participam do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) . Eles puderam se ver em várias partes da exposição e recordar momentos de sua vida na cidade de Londrina. A atividade foi relevante tanto para os educandos quanto para os estudantes bolsistas que puderam compreender o processo histórico e seus desdobramentos na memória coletiv

Innovation, catch-up, and leadership in science-based industries

In this article, we seek to shed new light on the sources of industrial leadership and catch-up in science-based industries. We propose an evolutionary model that incorporates scientists’ training and migration, endogenous R&D decisions, and the possibility of funding capital accumulation through debt. The analysis of the model allows us to characterize a robust pattern of industrial catch-up. Likewise, the sensitivity analysis shows which parameters act as pro-catch-up factors or slow down the process. The identification of stationary-state conditions of the model helps us to interpret the simulations, and highlights crucial interactions between technology-supporting institutions and market demand at the basis of industrial catch-up. Finally, the robustness analysis reveals further interdependencies among innovation, scientist mobility, and demandMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (project ECO2010-14929)This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Industrial and Corporate Change following peer review. The version of record Isabel Almudi, Francisco Fatas-Villafranca, and Luis R. Izquierdo Innovation, catch-up, and leadership in science-based industries Ind Corp Change (2012) 21 (2): 345-375 doi:10.1093/icc/dtr041, is available online at: http://icc.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/2.to

MENDORONG PROSES MODERNISASI PERTANIAN KELOMPOK TANI “SRI MULYO”, SLEMAN

Kelompok Tani “Sri Mulyo” beralamat di Bakungan, Wedomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman, berjarak sekitar 20 km dari Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (UMY) arah timur laut, dan jumlah anggotanya 77 orang. Permasalahan yang dihadapi saat ini adalah: pemahaman dan ketrampilan petani dalam mengatasi penyakit dan gulma tanaman masih kurang, alat semprot yang digunakan masih manual sehingga sangat melelahkan, sebagian petani masih merasa berat untuk membeli plastic mulsa, penanaman biji palawija masih dilakukan secara manual. Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini adalah terjadinya peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan para anggota kelompok tani tentang budi daya pertanian secara umum dan khususnya dalam mengelola dan mengatasi penyakit dan gulma tanaman. Di samping itu juga untuk mendorong diterapkannya mekanisasi pertanian, sehingga meringankan beban pekerjaan petani. Dampak dari kegiatan PkM ini adalah meningkatnya pendapatan para anggota kelompok, sehingga meningkatkan kesejahteraan mereka. PkM dilaksanakan dengan urutan: diskusi awal dengan mitra, penyuluhan tentang penanggulangan hama, penyakit, dan gulma khususnya pada tanaman cabai, hibah peralatan pertanian (mulsa plastic, alat semprot elektris, alat bantu tanam biji palawija), penjelasan tentang penggunaan peralatan pertanian semi otomatis yang dihibahkan, dan publikasi. Semua kegiatan PkM dilaksanakan dengan baik, sesuai skedul.  Terjadi peningkatan pemahaman anggota kelompok  tentang penanggulangan hama dan penyakit tanaman, serta mekanisasi pertanian. Ketua kelompok dan seluruh anggota merasa puas terhadap pelaksanaan pengabdian ini, serta menyampaikan apresiasi kepada tim pengabdian UMY. PkM ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan income anggota kelompok. PkM ini menghasilkan publikasi ilmiah di prosiding seminar nasional, publikasi di media massa online, dan publikasi di canal youtube

Vein or trachea first? A comparative and genetic study to test the hypothesis of the pleural gill origin of the insect wing

Motivation: How insect wings emerged as an evolutionary novelty that permitted the extraordinary radiation and diversification among insects is a long-standing question that remains unanswered. The fossil record suggests that the first wings evolved in aquatic insects from respiratory gills, lateral movable flat pads articulated with the trunk pleural (lateral) region (1). Extant representatives of these flying insect ancestors are the Ephemeropterans, or mayflies. Still today, their aquatic nymphs bear gills along the abdominal segments. Extant wings are formed by a bilayered epithelial wing span. Rigidity is conferred by veins, epithelial thickenings that form hollow tubes that radiate along the proximodistal wing axis. Veins allow the flow of hemolymph and are traversed by trachea (respiratory tubes) and nerves (2) coming from sensory organs distributed along the wing margin or present on the veins. Therefore, the routes taken by trachea and nerves coincide with the veins. In the model organism, veins are genetically specified early, before any trachea invade the wing. Therefore, anatomical and genetic information seem to indicate that veins would be required for trachea and sensory organs to develop (i.e. veins come first). However, mayfly gills are invaded by branching trachea and have a number of sensory (and osmoregulatory) organs along the margin and on its surface, and yet they show no signs of veins. Therefore, is the gills were the ancestors of the wings, either gills from extant species lost the veins, or tracheal invasion of the wing does not depend on veins –although their precise routes might depend on where veins are.Methods: To address this question we made comparative studies between Cloeon dipterum, and two dipteran species, Drosophila melanogaster and Episyrphus balteatus using immunostainings and fly genetics.Results and Conclusions: In this work, I set to first, describe the tracheal invasion of the developing wing in Drosophila and two other species, another fly (Episyrphus balteatus) as well as in the mayfly Cloeon dipterum, to compare it to the development and pattern of tracheal invasion in Cleon’s gills. Second, using a genetic approach, I test the mutual dependencies between trachea, veins and nerves for their establishment. If the wing originated from tracheated movable gills without vein tracks, wing trachea in Drosophila should be able to invade tthe developing wing without genetically defined veins

The evolutionary political economy of dichotomized societies

Referendum practices and other forms of antagonistic political participation have become more commonplace in the last two decades. These practices have significant social and economic consequences and, as such, economic theory must study their development. In this work, we study the cases of binary political choices, encompassed in what we call the evolutionary political economy of dichotomized societies. We see the origins of these phenomena in certain streams of socio-political thought and analyze the conditions of their evolution. We also link our study with contributions to polarization research in socio-physics and mathematical sociology. Drawing on these fields, we present a new model that allows us to analyze these processes and obtain scenarios with different implications. Drawing on the model, we ask questions such as: can we determine specific conditions under which a referendum may end up truly reflecting the structural trend of public opinion? Are there situations in which dichotomized political processes may lead to surprising results? Can we characterize polarization as an emergent property of evolving political economies? Depending on specific parametric regimes, very different answers to these questions emerge

Capacidad de absorción de la demanda y política de innovación: El debate, un modelo y una aplicación a la Industria Australiana del Surf.

En este trabajo, destacamos la importancia de la capacidad de absorción de la demanda en la evolución de sectores innovadores. La innovación es crucial en empresas y sectores dado que es una fuente crucial de ventaja competitiva sobre los rivales, y es un factor que abre camino en los mercados. Sin embargo, la innovación puede rebasar la capacidad de absorción de la demanda, lo cual puede alterar, e incluso bloquear la correcta difusión (asimilación) de las innovaciones (desbordamiento tecnológico de la capacidad de absorción de la demanda). Este fenómeno puede, incluso, dar paso a ciertos episodios de estancamiento (e incluso colapso absoluto) en la capacidad de innovación y auto-transformación de ciertas industrias. Para justificar estas afirmaciones, comenzamos presentando el caso de la industria del surf australiana, en la que la falta de capacidad de absorción por parte de la demanda pudo conducir a esta industria a una pérdida de dinamismo y a su derrumbamiento gradual (y finalmente total) hace algunos años. Seguidamente, proponemos un modelo evolutivo de dinámica industrial que, debidamente adaptado y simplificado, se aplica al estudio de los mecanismos que pudieron operar en la industria australiana del surf. El estudio de la dinámica del modelo nos ayuda a entender mejor algunas interacciones entre capacidad de absorción de la demanda y potencial de innovación sectorial así como sus efectos en el posible bloqueo de la difusión de innovaciones. A partir de estos resultados, presentamos algunas reflexiones acerca de políticas que podrían contribuir a aumentar la capacidad de absorción de las innovaciones en ciertos sectores, de forma que, así, estas industrias pudieran prosperar y tener éxito en la introducción de las innovaciones. Finalmente, planteamos unas observaciones finales que pueden ser una modesta contribución al debate de política de innovación: por lo ya dicho, creemos que sería interesante concienciar a empresas, y educar a consumidores/usuarios para evitar déficits en la capacidad de absorción de la demanda. Esta observación es original en el debate sobre política de innovación que, habitualmente, ha girado alrededor de factores de oferta