On the type species of Aubignyna and a description of A. hamblensis, a new microforaminifer from temperate shallow waters

The genus Aubignyna Margerel, 1970 (type A. mariei) was originally described from the upper Pliocene of NW France. Examination and re-illustration of topotypes of A. mariei Margerel, 1970, the holotype of Buccella planidorso Atkinson, 1969 (from the Recent of Cardigan Bay, Wales) and syntypes of Rotalia perlucida Heron-Allen and Earland, 1913 (from the Clare Island Survey, western Ireland) shows them to be conspecific. Consequently, the type-species of Aubignyna becomes R. perlucida, for which a lectotype is chosen. A new species of microforaminifera formally described here is assigned to Aubignyna and shown to occur in a wide range of intertidal - shallow subtidal, brackish - normal marine estuaries and lagoons in Europe and North America

Russkoje Natsionalnoje Jedinstvo -liikkeen historiankirjoitus ja sen käyttö liikkeen ideologiassa

Only abstract. Paper copies of master’s theses are listed in the Helka database (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Electronic copies of master’s theses are either available as open access or only on thesis terminals in the Helsinki University Library.Vain tiivistelmä. Sidottujen gradujen saatavuuden voit tarkistaa Helka-tietokannasta (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Digitaaliset gradut voivat olla luettavissa avoimesti verkossa tai rajoitetusti kirjaston opinnäytekioskeilla.Endast sammandrag. Inbundna avhandlingar kan sökas i Helka-databasen (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Elektroniska kopior av avhandlingar finns antingen öppet på nätet eller endast tillgängliga i bibliotekets avhandlingsterminaler.Pro gradu -tutkielman aihe on Venäjän 1990-luvun suurimman äärinationalistisen Russkoje Natsionalnoje Jedinsvo -liikkeen (RNE, Venäläinen kansallinen yhtenäisyys) historiankirjoitus ja sen suhde liikkeen nationalistiseen ideologiaan. Tavoitteena on tutkia liikkeen menneisyydestä esiin nostamia asioita ja tapahtumia, niiden esitystapaa sekä merkitystä liikkeen ideologian vahvistajina. Tarkoituksena on myös peilata liikkeen historiankirjoitusta 1990-luvun venäläisen yhteiskunnan aatteelliseen ilmapiiriin sekä liittää se 1800-luvulla alkaneeseen aatehistorialliseen keskusteluun Venäjän tehtävästä maailmassa. Neuvostoliiton romahtamisen jälkeinen venäläisyyden kriisi aktivoi keskustelun Venäjän kehityssuunnasta uudestaan. Lähteenä tutkielmassa on käytetty RNE:n johtajan Aleksandr Barkašovin kirjoittamaa teosta Azbuka Russkogo Natsionalista (Venäläisen nationalistin aakkoset) sekä liikkeen lehteä Russki Porjadok (Venäläinen järjestys). Neuvostoliiton historian uudelleenkirjoittaminen on liikkeen historiankirjoituksen keskeisimpiä tarkoituksia. Liike näkee Neuvostoliiton Venäjän historian katkoksena. Neuvostoliiton luominen ja olemassaolo nähdään kansainvälisen juutalaisjohtoisen rahoitusoligarkian salaliittona venäläisyyttä ja Venäjän suuria luonnonvaroja vastaan. RNE:n historiankirjoitus vapauttaa venäläiset Neuvostoliittoa vastaan suunnatuista syytöksistä esittämällä historialliset todisteet venäläisiä vastaan kohdistetusta kansanmurhasta sekä uskonnollisesta, taloudellisesta, kansallispoliittisesta ja valtiollisesta tuhoamisesta. Rotukysymykset ovat tärkeällä sijalla RNE:n historiankirjoituksessa. RNE näkee kaikki menneisyyden tapahtumat rotujen välisinä kamppailuina ja rotuominaisuudet muuttumattomina kautta ihmiskunnan historian. Liikkeen mukaan venäläiset slaavit edustavat korkeinta rotua, puhtainta arjalaisuutta. Arjalaisten vastapoolina esitetään juutalaiset, ja perivihollisuuden esitetään alkaneen jo Atlantiksen ajoista. Jeesuksen juutalaisen syntyperän kumoaminen on keskeistä liikkeen ideologiaa hallitsevan rotuajattelun ja uskonnollisuuden takia. RNE:n ideologian kannalta merkityksellistä on esittää menneisyydestä hyvän valtiojohtajan malleja. Tällaisina liike näkee Iivana IV Julman sekä Portugalin diktaattori António de Oliveira Salazarin. Iivana IV:n ja Salazarin johtajuudessa liike korostaa yhteiskunnan epävakaita olosuhteita, joissa henkilöt nousivat valtaan ja jotka he liikkeen mukaan menestyksekkäästi ratkaisivat. Iivana IV:n ja Salazarin valtakausista kirjoitetun historian tavoittena on esittää liikkeen ideologian mukainen ratkaisumalli 1990-luvun venäläisen yhteiskunnan sekasortoiseen tilaan. RNE:n historiankirjoitus on tuotettu palvelemaan ja vahvistamaan liikkeen ideologiaa. Menneisyyttä käytetään ideologisena välineenä, eikä liikkeen historiankirjoituksella ole muuta tehtävää. RNE:n ideologiassa keskeisellä sijalla ovat rodulliset ja uskonnolliset kysymykset, ja niiden perustelemiseksi liikkeen historiankirjoitus on tuotettu. Menneisyyden tunteminen nähdään tärkeäksi, koska sillä voidaan perustella liikkeen maailmankatsomus nykyisyydessä

Modern seawater acidification: The response of foraminifera to high-CO<inf>2</inf> conditions in the Mediterranean Sea

The seas around the island of Ischia (Italy) have a lowered pH as a result of volcanic gas vents that emit carbon dioxide from the sea floor at ambient seawater temperatures. These areas of acidified seawater provide natural laboratories in which to study the long-term biological response to rising CO2 levels. Benthic foraminifera (single-celled protists) are particularly interesting as they have short life histories, are environmentally sensitive and have an excellent fossil record. Here, we examine changes in foraminiferal assemblages along pH gradients at CO2 vents on the coast of Ischia and show that the foraminiferal distribution, diversity and nature of the fauna change markedly in the living assemblages as pH decreases. © 2010 Geological Society of London

Lymphatic endothelium stimulates melanoma metastasis and invasion via MMP14-dependent Notch3 and b1-integrin activation

Lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis correlate with poor clinical outcome in melanoma. However, the mechanisms of lymphatic dissemination in distant metastasis remain incompletely understood. We show here that exposure of expansively growing human WM852 melanoma cells, but not singly invasive Bowes cells, to lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) in 3D co-culture facilitates melanoma distant organ metastasis in mice. To dissect the underlying molecular mechanisms, we established LEC co-cultures with different melanoma cells originating from primary tumors or metastases. Notably, the expansively growing metastatic melanoma cells adopted an invasively sprouting phenotype in 3D matrix that was dependent on MMP14, Notch3 and β1-integrin. Unexpectedly, MMP14 was necessary for LEC-induced Notch3 induction and coincident β1-integrin activation. Moreover, MMP14 and Notch3 were required for LEC-mediated metastasis of zebrafish xenografts. This study uncovers a unique mechanism whereby LEC contact promotes melanoma metastasis by inducing a reversible switch from 3D growth to invasively sprouting cell phenotype

A novel marine bioinvasion vector: Ichthyochory, live passage through fish

Many species of Indo-Pacific holobenthic foraminifera have been introduced and successfully established sustainable populations in the Mediterranean Sea over the past few decades. However, known natural and anthropogenic vectors do not explain how these species were introduced long distances from their origin. We present evidence for a novel marine bioinvasion vector explaining this long-distance transport and introduction using both contemporary field and historical analyses. In 2015–2016, we found living specimens of 29 foraminiferal species in the fecal pellets of two Red Sea herbivorous rabbitfish—Siganus rivulatus and Siganus luridus in the Mediterranean. In our historical analysis, we found 34 foraminiferal species in preserved Red Sea rabbitfish specimens, dating between 1967 and 1975. In addition, we found congruent propagation patterns of the non-indigenous rabbitfish and foraminifera, lagging 4–11 yrs between discoveries, respectively. Predation of marine benthos by non-indigenous fish, followed by incomplete digestion and defecation of viable individuals, comprise the main introduction vector of these organisms into novel environments

Professional thinking in Individual Plan processes

This article explores the kind of critical and reflective thinking taht influences the social and health care professionals in the Individual Plan process. An inter-professional group of six healthcare and social researchers collected the data, which consisted of indepth interviews with 12 service providers who were the clients´ coordinators and one day centre leader. By focusing on reflective thinking in a critical perspective, it is concluded that coordinators are guided by different philosophical and theoretical perspectives in this process; a mixture of reasoning strategies, caring as a relational concept and a mixture of philosophical frameworks. To improve critical thinking in Individual Plan processes, coordinators need to be conscious about their way of thinking in action

From blue skies science to practical application: increasing need for retrospectivein environmental micropaleontological monitoring (REMM)

Abstrac

Working with Individual Plans: users' perspectives on the challenges and conflicts of users' needs in health and social services

In Norway, an Individual Plan (IP) is a statutory right and a tool for cooperation between the client in need of long-term, coordinated services and the public services. This study analyses the explicit needs of users, how the various actors in the IP process met these needs, as seen from the users’ perspective, and, finally, how disability influenced the outcomes. Participants expressed physical, psychological and social needs. These needs were similar for persons with physical or psychiatric health conditions, or for persons with an innate or acquired disability. However, time elapsed since a disability had been acquired did make a difference. The municipality or district of residence, the administrative and legislative boundaries, the interpretation of those and the coordinators’ position within the hierarchy of the system all affected how well users’ needs were met, indicating the existence of tension. This tension between the external conditions or framework of services and user participation may be an explanatory factor for the slow implementation of IP

Narrative design process during game development - How to design a narrative

The objective of the thesis was to explore the world of narrative design from creating compelling worlds and characters to the actual writing process, tools, and writer’s block. The aim was to provide clear examples and instructions for future narrative designers to follow, explaining some key concepts, tools, and practices used during a narrative design internship. The thesis was written by researching different narrative methods and simultaneously reflecting on the practices tested and learned during the internship. The research method used was the processual action research cycle. This technique has four phases: planning, action, analysis, and conclusion. The process was applied to various tasks during the internship, and the results were then reflected upon. As the method is flexible and can be used multiple times as the cycle starts over, it allowed for a thorough reflection and perfecting of the tasks received during the internship. In addition, the method proved to be a valuable tool for the narrative process itself. The study revealed multiple narrative design approaches, and each writer selects the best methods suited to their preferences. The writing process is creative, and there are no clear strategies that work for everyone, though practices to avoid writer’s block can be helpful. A narrative writer in a gaming company should, above all, be flexible and courageous, trying new methods and angles while working with the other designers within the boundaries of the given tasks

Motivation and commitment of temporary agency workers

Objectives The main objectives of this study were to explore the motivation and commitment of temporary agency employees compared to regularly employed workers. The thesis also examined if and how the national culture of the temporary agency employees influences their motivation and commitment. Summary The primary research in this study was done through semi-structured interviews conducted with temporary agency employees, temporary work agencies and client organizations. The interviews focused on the motivational factors of temporary agency employees as well as their work satisfaction and commitment to their place of employment. The agencies and client organizations were also asked about how the national culture of their employees affects their motivation. Conclusions This thesis concludes that overall the temporary agency employees are quite motivated and committed to their job. However, more emphasis should still be put in the human resources management of temporary agency employees at the client organizations, to make the employees feel more welcome, appreciated and useful. The amount of support that the employees received from the client organization and the agency clearly correlate with how motivated and committed they are to said companies. According to the respondents, there was very little correlation between the national culture of the temporary agency employees and their motivation and commitment to their place of employment