Economic Consequences of Health Status: A Review of the Evidence

The correlation between health and economic performance is extremely robust across communities and over time. Many factors exogenous to income play an important role in determining health status, including a number of geographical, environmental, and evolutionary factors. This suggests the existence of simultaneous impacts of health on wealth and wealth on health. Potential health impacts on national economic performance are explored, and some important unanswered questions are identified.health, economic growth, human capital

Evaluating six sigma in the Indonesian SME context

Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) make an important contribution to the Indonesian economy and are a focus of Government attention aimed at improving their efficiency and competitiveness. In this paper we discuss the development of a research project to investigate the suitability of lean six sigma as an improvement methodology for Indonesian SMEs in the manufacturing sector. A key aim of the research is to design a suitable framework for introducing lean six sigma into Indonesian SMEs in the manufacturing sector

The Changing Global Distribution of Malaria: A Review

Organized efforts to reduce the burden of malaria are as old as human societies. Understanding the historical relationships between humankind and malaria is important for natural and social scientists studying the disease, as well as policy makers trying to control it. Malaria once extended widely throughout the old world, reaching as far north as 64ºN latitude and as far south as 32ºS latitude. Today, however, malaria is almost exclusively a problem of the geographical tropics. Analysis of historical changes in malaria prevalence suggests a number of factors which help to determine the likelihood and sustainability of success in malaria control. Among these are geography, evolutionary history of flora and fauna, infrastructure, and land use. It is due to these factors, much more than socio-economic ones, that attempts to control or interrupt transmission of the disease have historically been most successful on islands, in temperate climates, or at high elevations

Extending the scope of microscopic solvability: Combination of the Kruskal-Segur method with Zauderer decomposition

Successful applications of the Kruskal-Segur approach to interfacial pattern formation have remained limited due to the necessity of an integral formulation of the problem. This excludes nonlinear bulk equations, rendering convection intractable. Combining the method with Zauderer's asymptotic decomposition scheme, we are able to strongly extend its scope of applicability and solve selection problems based on free boundary formulations in terms of partial differential equations alone. To demonstrate the technique, we give the first analytic solution of the problem of velocity selection for dendritic growth in a forced potential flow.Comment: Submitted to Europhys. Letters, No figures, 5 page

Analisis Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Investasi, dan Konsumsi di Indonesia

This study aims to analyze (1) Effect of consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports to economic growth in Indonesia, (2) Effect of interest rates, inflation, and economic growth to investment in Indonesia, (3) Effect of disposable income, consumption previously, and the interest rate on consumption in Indonesia. Data in the form of time series of the first quarter of 2001 to the fourth quarter of 2010. This study using a simultaneous equations model analysis in the form of Two Stage Least Square (2 SLS). The research concludes that (1) consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports have a significant and positive impact on economic growth in Indonesia. If the consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports increased, economic growth will also increase. (2) Interest rates have a significant and negative effect on investment in Indonesia, while inflation is significant and negative effect on investment in Indonesia. If interest rates and inflation down the investment will rise, while economic growth in significant and positive impact on investment in Indonesia. (3) Disposable income and consumption before significant positive impact on consumption in Indonesia. If disposable income and consumption increases, consumer spending earlier will also increase. And interest rates have a significant negative effect on consumption in Indonesia

Conical defects in growing sheets

A growing or shrinking disc will adopt a conical shape, its intrinsic geometry characterized by a surplus angle $se$ at the apex. If growth is slow, the cone will find its equilibrium. Whereas this is trivial if $se <= 0$, the disc can fold into one of a discrete infinite number of states if $se$ is positive. We construct these states in the regime where bending dominates, determine their energies and how stress is distributed in them. For each state a critical value of $se$ is identified beyond which the cone touches itself. Before this occurs, all states are stable; the ground state has two-fold symmetry.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX, RevTeX style. New version corresponds to the one published in PR

Comment on ``Solidification of a Supercooled Liquid in a Narrow Channel''

Comment on PRL v. 86, p. 5084 (2001) [cond-mat/0101016]. We point out that the authors' simulations are consistent with the known theory of steady-state solutions in this system

Pricing routines for vehicle routing with time windows on road networks

Several very effective exact algorithms have been developed for vehicle routing problems with time windows. Unfortunately, most of these algorithms cannot be applied to instances that are defined on road networks, because they implicitly assume that the cheapest path between two customers is equal to the quickest path. Garaix and coauthors proposed to tackle this issue by first storing alternative paths in an auxiliary multi-graph, and then using that multi-graph within a branch-and-price algorithm. We show that, if one works with the original road network rather than the multi-graph, then one can solve the pricing subproblem more quickly, in both theory and practice