Production of biogas using biomass

There is a great deal of environment pressure in many parts of the world to as certain how livestock waste can best be handled. Livestock manure, like cow dung, food waste, kitchen waste in the absence of appropriate disposal methods can cause adverse environmental and health problems such as pathogen contaminants, odor, air borne ammonia, greenhouse gases. Anaerobic digestion has been considered as waste to energy technology, and is widely used in the treatment of different organic wastes for example: organic fraction of municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, food waste, animal manure. Anaerobic treatment comprises of decomposition of organic material in the absence of free oxygen and production of methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia and traces of other gases and organic acids of low molecular weight

A Study on Consumer Behaviour at Organized Fish Retail Outlet

Indian consumers have been buying fish from the unhygienic fish markets, but of late fish has become available at many of the multi-format retail outlets. Consumers’ behaviour at organized fish retail outlets in Mumbai has been studied. The majority of consumers are young (25-35 years) and belong to upper middle class. Fresh fish is the preferred choice and about 60 per cent consumers have emphasized on freshness rather than price of fish. About 97 per cent consumers have recently shifted to organized retail outlets from local markets for purchasing fish. The majority of consumers (84.3%) have been found to be species-specific while buying fish. Quality and convenience have been found to be the major factors responsible for shift from local markets. Sensory evaluation of CIFE’s value-added products like fish munch, fish keema, prawn pickle and prawn masala have shown a positive feedback from the consumers as about 62 per cent have rated the parameters like taste, texture, odour, price, etc. highly. However, appearance and packaging have received average feedback, indicating the need to make products more attractive. A majority of consumers (72%) have shown willingness to buy these products and 95 per cent wish to try new products, in both fresh and processed forms, indicating changing consumption pattern in the urban areas. The study has argued that since the technology to prepare such products is already available with Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai and other institutes like CIFT, Kochi, this can be readily extended to the willing entrepreneurs and women SHGs.Organized retailing, Purchasing behaviour, Consumer’s awareness, Fish and fisheries products, CIFE technology, Agricultural and Food Policy, Q13, Q22,

Decomposition analysis of export of Indian marine products

Indian fisheries sector plays an important role in the socio-economic development of the country, in view of its potential contribution to national income, nutritidnal security, employment opportunities, social objectives and export earnings. FIsheries sector contributes 4.3 per cent to the agricultural GDP and export earnings are presently valued at over Rs. 6,700 crores from a volume of 4.6 lakh,tonnes. Marine products form an important group of primary commodity exported from India accounting for about four per cellt of the total export earnings. The important marine products exported from India are frozen shrimp, frozen lobster, frozen fish, frozen squid and frozen cuttlefish

Systematically Measuring Ultra Diffuse Galaxies in HI: Results from the Pilot Survey

We present neutral hydrogen (HI) observations using the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope (GBT) of 70 optically-detected UDG candidates in the Coma region from the Systematically Measuring Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies survey (SMUDGes). We detect HI in 18 targets, confirming 9 to be gas-rich UDGs and the remainder to be foreground dwarfs. None of our HI-detected UDGs are Coma Cluster members and all but one are in low-density environments. The HI-detected UDGs are bluer and have more irregular morphologies than the redder, smoother candidates not detected in HI, with the combination of optical color and morphology being a better predictor of gas richness than either parameter alone. There is little visual difference between the gas-rich UDGs and the foreground dwarfs in the SMUDGes imaging, and distances are needed to distinguish between them. We find that the gas richnesses of our HI-confirmed UDGs and those from other samples scale with their effective radii in two stellar mass bins, possibly providing clues to their formation. We attempt to place our UDGs on the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation (BTFR) using optical ellipticities and turbulence-corrected HI linewidths to estimate rotation velocities, but the potential systematics associated with fitting smooth $\mathrm{S\acute{e}rsic}$ profiles to clumpy, low-inclination low surface brightness disks precludes a meaningful analysis of potential BTFR offsets. These observations are a pilot for a large campaign now underway at the GBT to use the HI properties of gas-rich UDGs to quantitatively constrain how these galaxies form and evolve.Comment: Accepted by ApJ. Revisions include updated versions of Figures 3-9, new table 5, and expanded discussion. Conclusions unchanged. Figures 6-8 will be available in higher resolution in the published versio

Haematology and biochemical parameters of different feeding behaviour of teleost fishes from Vellar estuary, India

Haematological parameters have been recognized as valuable tools for monitoring fish health. Haematological and serum biochemical parameters were studied and compared different feeding behaviour of teleost fishes. Three marine teleost fishes, Lates calcarifer (carnivores), Mugil cephalus (omnivores) and Chanos chanos (herbivores), were carried out in order to find out a normal range of blood parameters which would serve as baseline data for assessment of the health status of the fish as well as reference point for future comparative surveys. Blood parameters such as red blood cell count (RBC) and white blood cells count (WBC), haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin, glucose, protein, cholesterol and urea were estimated from teleost fishes of different trophic level. Statistical analysis revealed that differences in haematological parameters between marine fish were significant (P<0.01)

Entrepreneurship based empowerment among fisherwomen self help groups of Kerala

The present study was conducted to analyse the extent of empowerment achieved by fisherwomen through participation in the entrepreneurial activities of self help groups (SHGs) functioning in the fisheries sector. Data were collected from 180 SHG members in the Kollam, Ernakulam and Kasargod districts of Kerala. Aquaculture (55.5%) and value addition of fish (45.5%) were the entrepreneurial activities adopted by fisherwomen SHGs. Empowerment level of each SHG member was quantified by modifying the existing empowerment dimensions into an Empowerment Index (EI), consisting of 8 sub-dimensions. Extent of empowerment was found out by taking the difference of empowerment index before and after joining the SHG. Among the eight empowerment dimensions, higher difference was observed in confidence building (0.43) followed by economic empowerment (0.42) and decision making pattern (0.41). The study revealed that the level of involvement in entrepreneurial activity has increased the empowerment in terms of confidence building, self-esteem, decision making pattern, psychological and economic empowerment. However, the existing fisheries extension interventions through extension contact and training were found to be associated with only self esteem and psychological empowerment. Therefore, new and innovative extension interventions are suggested in the paper to influence other sub-dimensions like economic empowerment, confidence building and decision making pattern

2nd Zonal Workshop on Fisheries and Aquaculture Policy: Ecosystem and Livelihood Perspectives in East Coast States

2nd Zonal Workshop on Fisheries and Aquaculture Policy: Ecosystem and Livelihood Perspectives in East Coast States Andhra Pradesh, Andaman & Nikobar Islands, Orissa. Pondichery, Tamilnadu and West Bengal Hyderabad 22-24 March, 2007 (CIFE, MUMBAI

Entrepreneurship based empowerment among fisherwomen self help groups of Kerala

The present study was conducted to analyse the extent of empowerment achieved by fisherwomen through participation in the entrepreneurial activities of self help groups (SHGs) functioning in the fisheries sector. Data were collected from 180 SHG members in the Kollam, Ernakulam and Kasargod districts of Kerala. Aquaculture (55.5%) and value addition of fish (45.5%) were the entrepreneurial activities adopted by fisherwomen SHGs. Empowerment level of each SHG member was quantified by modifying the existing empowerment dimensions into an Empowerment Index (EI), consisting of 8 sub-dimensions. Extent of empowerment was found out by taking the difference of empowerment index before and after joining the SHG. Among the eight empowerment dimensions, higher difference was observed in confidence building (0.43) followed by economic empowerment (0.42) and decision making pattern (0.41). The study revealed that the level of involvement in entrepreneurial activity has increased the empowerment in terms of confidence building, self-esteem, decision making pattern, psychological and economic empowerment. However, the existing fisheries extension interventions through extension contact and training were found to be associated with only self esteem and psychological empowerment. Therefore, new and innovative extension interventions are suggested in the paper to influence other sub-dimensions like economic empowerment, confidence building and decision making pattern

1st Zonal Workshop on Policy Issues and HRD in Fisheries and Aquaculture for North Eastern States Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim

3rd Zonal Workshop on Fisheries and Aquaculture Policy: Responsible Fisheries and Sustainable Aquaculture Perspectives for West Coast States Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Union Territories of Daman and Diu, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Lakshadweep 21-23 June, 200