San Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer y el obispo de Ávila, mons. Santos Moro: Epistolario durante la Guerra Civil (enero de 1938 - marzo de 1939)

This paper deals with the first part of the correspondence between Saint Josemaría Escrivá and Mgr. Santos Moro Briz, along the period that stretches from January 27, 1938, and June 7, 1939. There are 22 letters written by Saint Josemaría and 14 by Mgr. Santos Moro. The publication of these documents is preceded by a historical introduction which shows the beginning and development of a friendship, also a general reflection on the correspondence between the two correspondents and, finally, some critical remarks on the content and meaning of the letters crossed between both of them. The documents are transcribed at the end of the paper. A chronological order has been adopted and the letters have been commented in a series of notes, some of them of a certain extension, with the purpose of making easier the understanding of the content.Se da a conocer la primera parte de la correspondencia habida entre San Josemaría Escrivá y Mons. Santos Moro Briz, que pertenece al periodo 27 de enero de 1938 – 7 de junio de 1939: son un total de 22 cartas de san Josemaría y 14 de don Santos Moro. La publicación de los documentos va precedida de una introducción histórica que muestra el nacimiento y desarrollo de una amistad, unas reflexiones generales sobre el epistolario de San Josemaría y don Santos y unas consideraciones sobre el contenido y significado de la correspondencia que se cruzaron entre los dos. Al final se transcriben los documentos. Se ha optado por el orden cronológico y se han ilustrado las cartas con bastantes notas, algunas extensas, para un mejor entendimiento del contenido

Design and validation of the percOV-S questionnaire for measuring perceived obstetric violence in nursing, midwifery and medical students

Background: Obstetric violence could be defined as the dehumanized treatment or abuse of health professionals towards the body or reproductive process of women. Some practices associated with obstetric violence have been routinely standardized and do not include the woman in decision making. This type of violence has consequences for the health of both the mother and the baby and that of the professionals who practice or observed it. Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 33 items that measured perception through a Likert scale was developed. Some sociodemographic variables were collected. The instrument was applied to a sample of nursing, medicine and midwifery students to determine its psychometric properties. Results: The final sample consisted of 153 students. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (p = 0.918) and Barlett tests (p ≤ 0.001) allowed for factor analysis, which explained 54.47% of the variance in two factors called protocolized-visible obstetric violence and non-protocolized-invisible obstetric violence. Conclusions: The PercOV-S (Perception of Obstetric Violence in Students) instrument was validated. The distribution and content of the two factors are closely related to obstetric violence against women. The existence of statistically significant relationships between the sociodemographic variables collected and the global measurements, domains and items of the PercOV-S scale highlight the normalization of obstetric violence as a central factor for future studies

Estudio sobre el cálculo de costes de la formación on-line

Para mantener una economía productiva, competitiva y sostenible es necesario el aumento del nivel de competencia de los trabajadores y la adaptación a los cambios sociales y laborales en que nos encontramos inmersos. Es indudable que el uso de las nuevas tecnologías (TIC) es el factor que más ha influido en una nueva cultura de la formación, a la vez que presenta un medio que contribuye poderosamente a su expansión, con sus aplicaciones en la educación a distancia. Desde la Unión Europea se viene insistiendo en la necesidad de desarrollar una formación profesional a lo largo de la vida que permita la adquisición de nuevos conocimientos y el reciclaje permanente para conseguir una mejor promoción e integración social de los trabajadores así como una mayor competitividad de las empresas. El cálculo de costes de las acciones de e-learning es un cálculo que implica de una laboriosa tarea de recolección de datos. Habitualmente, como sucede con muchos otros servicios TIC, el cálculo de costes olvida conceptos que acaban convirtiéndose en costes ocultos. En el presente estudio se pretende diseñar un modelo de cálculo de costes completo que compute aquellos costos ocultos y que no están incorporados en los cálculos de costos habituales. En este sentido se van a estructurar en dos grupos: • Recursos humanos: Docentes, técnicos y CAU • Recursos técnicos. Hospedaje, LMS y producción de contenidos Este modelo será contrastado con diferentes entidades participantes en el proyecto de formación continua online de la Generalitat Valenciana (E-Formación GVA) de forma que se recaben datos fidedignos y se consensue un modelo de costos. Posteriormente servirá como base para el desarrollo de una aplicación que permita describir un escenario económico de inversiones a realizar para poder desempeñar las acciones de e-learning.Enfermerí

Perception of obstetric violence in a sample of Spanish health sciences students: A cross-sectional study

Background: Obstetric violence is a problem that has grown worldwide, and a particularly worrying one in Spain. Such violence has repercussions for women, and for the professionals who cause them. Preventing this problem seems fundamental. Objective: This study evaluated how health sciences students perceived obstetric violence. Design: A cross-sectional study conducted between October 2019 and November 2020. Participants: A sample of Spanish health sciences students studying degrees of nursing, medicine, midwifery, and psychology. Methods: A validated questionnaire was used: Perception of Obstetric Violence in Students (PercOV-S). Socio-demographic and control variables were included. A descriptive and comparative multivariate analysis was performed with the obtained data. Results: 540 questionnaires were completed with an overall mean score of 3.83 points (SD ± 0.63), with 2.83 points (SD ± 0.91) on the protocolised-visible dimension and 4.15 points (SD ± 0.67) on the non-protocolised-invisible obstetric violence dimension. Statistically significant differences were obtained for degree studied (p < 0.001), gender (p < 0.001), experience (p < 0.001), ethnic group (p < 0.001), the obstetric violence concept (p < 0.001) and academic year (p < 0.005). There were three significant multivariate models for the questionnaire's overall score and dimensions. Conclusions: Health sciences students perceived obstetric violence mainly as non-protocolised aspects while attending women. Degree studied and academic year might be related to perceived obstetric violence

Real-World Characteristics and Outcome of Patients Treated With Single-Agent Ibrutinib for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Spain (IBRORS-LLC Study)

Background: Ibrutinib demonstrated remarkable efficacy and favorable tolerability in patients with untreated or relapsed/refractory (R/R) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), including those with high-risk genetic alterations. The IBRORS-CLL study assessed the characteristics, clinical management and outcome of CLL patients receiving ibrutinib in routine clinical practice in Spain. Patients: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study in CLL patients who started single-agent ibrutinib as first-line treatment or at first or second relapse between January 2016 and January 2019. Results: A total of 269 patients were included (median age: 70.9 years; cardiovascular comorbidity: 55.4%, including hypertension [47.6%] and atrial fibrillation [AF] [7.1%]). Overall, 96.7% and 69% of patients underwent molecular testing for del(17p)/TP53 mutation and IGHV mutation status. High-risk genetic features included unmutated IGHV (79%) and del(17p)/TP53 mutation (first-line: 66.3%; second-line: 23.1%). Overall, 84 (31.2%) patients received ibrutinib as first-line treatment, and it was used as second- and third-line therapy in 121 (45.0%) and 64 (23.8%) patients. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were not reached irrespective of del(17p)/TP53, or unmutated IGHV. Common grade =3 adverse events were infections (12.2%) and bleeding (3%). Grade =3 AF occurred in 1.5% of patients. Conclusion: This real-world study shows that single-agent ibrutinib is an effective therapy for CLL, regardless of age and high-risk molecular features, consistent with clinical trials. Additionally, single-agent ibrutinib was well tolerated, with a low rate of cardiovascular events. This study also emphasized a high molecular testing rate of del(17p)/TP53 mutation and IGHV mutation status in clinical practice according to guideline recommendations

Epistolario entre san Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer y el obispo de Ávila, Santos Moro Briz, durante la Guerra Civil española (enero de 1938-marzo de 1939) / Correspondence between Saint Josemaría Escrivá and the Bishop of Avila, Santos Moro Briz, during the Spanish Civil War (January 1938- March 1939)

This paper deals with the first part of the correspondence between Saint Josemaría Escrivá and Bishop Santos Moro Briz, along the period that stretches from January 27, 1938, and June 7, 1939. There are 22 letters written by Saint Josemaría and 14 by Bishop Santos Moro. The publication of these documents is preceded by a historical introduction which shows the beginning and development of a friendship, also a general reflection on the correspondence between the two correspondents and, finally, some critical remarks on the content and meaning of the letters crossed between both of them. The documents are transcribed at the end of the paper. A chronological order has been adopted and the letters have been commented in a series of notes, some of them of a certain extension, with the purpose of making easier the understanding of the content