A Systematic Method for Measuring Gentrification Using Building Permits Data: A Washington D.C Case Study

Gentrification can significantly alter the socioeconomic, demographic, and commercial aspects of a city. It is a complex process that transforms the characteristics of entire neighborhoods, modifying not only the observable physical aspects, but also the community structure. Traditional quantitative gentrification measurement approaches assess the process through analysis of Census demographic indicators coupled with field visit analysis of the physical built environment. This study proposes a new gentrification measuring approach that combines traditional Census indicators with a new indicator in the form of City Building Permits. Two GIS spatial analysis techniques are utilized to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed approach in assessing the distribution and intensity of fine scale spatial gentrification. The results of the spatial analyses are validated through an assessment of local media sources reporting on gentrification in the study area

SAGA: Synthesis Augmentation with Genetic Algorithms for In-Memory Sequence Optimization

The von-Neumann architecture has a bottleneck which limits the speed at which data can be made available for computation. To combat this problem, novel paradigms for computing are being developed. One such paradigm, known as in-memory computing, interleaves computation with the storage of data within the same circuits. MAGIC, or Memristor Aided Logic, is an approach which uses memory circuits which physically perform computation through write operations to memory. Sequencing these operations is a computationally difficult problem which is directly correlated with the cost of solutions using MAGIC based in-memory computation. SAGA models the execution sequences as a topological sorting problem which makes the optimization well-suited for genetic algorithms. We then detail the formation and implementation of these genetic algorithms and evaluate them over a number of open circuit implementations. The memory-footprint needed for evaluating each of these circuits is decreased by up to 52% from existing, greedy-algorithm-based optimization solutions. Over the 10 benchmark circuits evaluated, these modifications lead to an overall improvement in the efficiency of in-memory circuit evaluation of 128% in the best case and 27.5% on average.Comment: 6 pages, 2 Figures, 3 Table

Impact ionization fronts in semiconductors: superfast propagation due to "nonlocalized" preionization

We discuss a new mode of ionization front passage in semiconductor structures. The front of avalanche ionization propagates into an intrinsic semiconductor with a constant electric field $E_{\rm m}$ in presence of a small concentration of free nonequilibrium carriers - so called preionization. We show that if the profile of these initial carriers decays in the direction of the front propagation with a characteristic exponent $\lambda$, the front velocity is determined by $v_f \approx 2 \beta_{\rm m}/\lambda$, where $\beta_{\rm m} \equiv \beta(E_{\rm m})$ is the corresponding ionization frequency. By a proper choice of the preionization profile one can achieve front velocities $v_f$ that exceed the saturated drift velocity $v_s$ by several orders of magnitude even in moderate electric fields. Our propagation mechanism differs from the one for well-known TRAPATT fronts. Finally, we discuss physical reasons for the appearance of preionization profiles with slow spatial decay.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Chemical Engineering and Operations Research: A Passing Flirtation or Marriage?

Desde a década de 1980, a parceria tecnológica entre a Petrobras e a Universidade de São Paulo (USP) na área da automação industrial tem se revelado prolífica em via dupla. Contribuições científicas e tecnológicas relevantes têm sido continuamente produzidas no âmbito do domínio científico da Engenharia Química. Entre os mais recentes resultados desta fecunda parceria está a criação da disciplina Otimização Aplicada à Gestão de Operações da Indústria Química, a qual agora compõe o currículo do curso de graduação em Engenharia Química da Escola Politécnica da USP na modalidade de disciplina optativa oferecida no último período acadêmico. Baseada em um programa de capacitação tecnológica voltado ao ensino de fundamentos de Pesquisa Operacional (PO) a engenheiros de processamento da Petrobras dentro do ambiente industrial e em um curso de pós-graduação em PO, esta nova disciplina foi idealizada e estruturada com apoio do Centro de Excelência em Tecnologias de Aplicação em Automação Industrial (Cetai – Petrobras) e tem se revelado um sucesso inegável entre os estudantes de Engenharia Química da USP. A importância deste resultado – aprendizagem de PO em nível de graduação – é aqui discutida à luz do papel crucial que tecnologias de apoio à tomada de decisões assistida por computador possui atualmente para a operação integrada da indústria química. Mais importante ainda é o fato de que a capacitação em PO pode ser entendida como uma etapa prévia, porém valiosa, para alavancar o desenvolvimento de pesquisa interdisciplinar de fronteira no âmbito da Engenharia Química modernaSince the 1980’s, the technological partnership between Petrobras and the University of São Paulo (USP) in the field of industrial automation has been prolific in double lane. Relevant scientific and technological contributions have continuously been produced within several related chemical engineering (ChE) disciplines. Among the latest results from this fertile collaboration is the exciting discipline Optimization Applied to Operations Management in the Chemical Industry which now is part of the USP undergraduate course curriculum in ChE as an elective course in the last academic period. Derived from an educational program formulated inside the Petrobras’ industrial environment devoted to teaching Operations Research (OR) foundations to process engineers and from a graduate course on process optimization, this new course was idealized and didactically supported by the Petrobras Centre of Excellence (Cetai) and has been an undeniable success among the ChE students at USP. The relevance of this result – OR learning at undergraduate level – is here discussed in the light of the crucial role that computer-aided decision-making technologies currently have to the integrated performance of the chemical industry. Most importantly, such OR learning should be understood as a former, yet essential step for ChE students to develop high-profile interdisciplinary research in the modern ChE scienc

PENERAPAN STRATEGI SELF-MANAGEMENT UNTUK MENGURANGI FREKUENSI MEROKOK PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 16 SURABAYA

experiment dengan jenis One-Group Pre-test dan Post-test Design. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket perilaku merokoka siswa. Subyek penelitian ini adalah 5 orang siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 16 Surabaya yang memiliki perilaku merokok tinggi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji tanda. Berdasarkan hasil uji tanda bahwa menunjukkan tanda (-) berjumlah 5 sebagai N (banyaknya pasangan yang menunjukkan perbedaan) dan x (banyaknya tanda yang lebih sedikit) berjumlah 0. Dengan melihat tabel tes binominal dengan ketentuan N = 5 dan x = 0 (z), maka diperoleh ρ (kemungkinan harga di bawah H0) = 0,031 Bila dalam ketetapan α (taraf kesalahan) sebesar 5% adalah 0,05 maka dapat disumpulkam bahwa 0,031 < 0,05, berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Berdasarkan rata-rata skor pre-test 125,6 dan rata-rata skor post-test 78, maka dapat dibuktikan bahwa pemberian konseling  individu strategi self-management dapat menurunkan frekuensi merokok pada siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 16 Surabaya.   Kata Kunci: Penerapan Strategi Self-Management, Frekuensi Merokok Pada Siswa&nbsp

Age and gender distribution of patients undergoing teeth extraction: a retrospective study in a tertiary health care centre

Background: Tooth extraction remains a major commonly performed procedure in developing countries. Tooth loss affects mastication, speech, aesthetics and impairs the quality of life. The number of extracted teeth can serve as an indicator for socioeconomic status or oral hygiene level. It is essential to provide awareness regarding oral hygiene maintenance and early detection of dental problems to minimise extractions. The aim of the study was to investigate the age and gender distribution of patients undergoing extraction of teeth at GVPIHC and MT, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.Methods: In this retrospective study, case records of all patients who underwent dental extractions in the department of dentistry at Gayatri Vidya Parishad institute of health care and medical technology (GVPIHC and MT) from January 2021 to December 2021 were reviewed through random sampling. Inclusion criteria included dental extraction cases in the age group of 1year to 80 years. Incomplete data of extractions was excluded. Demographic details of patients like age and gender were recorded for 972 extraction cases that were included in the study. The data collected was entered in Microsoft excel, analysed through SPSS Software and was subjected to statistical analysis.Results: Among 972 extractions, females showed predominance over males. 21-30 years age group reported more extractions and 71-80 years age group the least. On comparing the association between age and gender, the results were statistically significant (Pearson’s chi square test, p<0.05). The age group of 11-20 years, 61-70 years and 71-80 years reported male predominance in contrast to the other age groups.Conclusions: Within the limits of present study, it can be concluded that the prevalence of dental extraction was more in females than males. The age group of 21-30 years recorded more number of extractions. This study will help us to create awareness and emphasize the importance of oral hygiene maintenance among people to prevent tooth loss at an early age

Variabilité du Gravettien de Kostienki (Bassin moyen du Don) et des territoires associés

Dans la région de Kostienki-Borschevo, on observe l’expression, à ce jour, la plus orientale du modèle européen de l’évolution du Paléolithique supérieur. Elle est différente à la fois du modèle Sibérien et du modèle de l’Asie centrale. Comme ailleurs en Europe, le Gravettien apparaît à Kostienki vers 28 ka (Kostienki 8 /II/). Par la suite, entre 24-20 ka, les techno-complexes gravettiens sont représentés au moins par quatre faciès dont deux, ceux de Kostienki 21 /III/ et Kostienki 4 /II/, ressemblent au Gravettien occidental et deux autres, Kostienki-Avdeevo et Kostienki 11 /II/, sont des faciès propres à l’Europe de l’Est, sans analogie à l’Ouest.Until now, the Kostienki-Borshchevo area appears to be the most eastern manifestation of the general european model of the Upper Palaeolithic evolution, distinct from Siberian and Central Asian models. As well as in various parts of the European continent Gravettian occurs at Kostienki suddenly, around 28 ka (Kostenki 8 /II/). At the following stage at 24-20 ka, the gravettian technocomplex are reprensented, at least by four versions, two of them – Kostienki 21 /III/ type, and Kostienki 4 /II/ type – have western european typological configuration; and two others – Kostenki-Avdeevo type, and Kostenki 11 /II/ type – appear to be specific to the east european facies, without analogies in the West

A Flexible System for Simulating Aeronautical Telecommunication Network

At Old Dominion University, we have built Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) Simulator with NASA being the fund provider. It provides a means to evaluate the impact of modified router scheduling algorithms on the network efficiency, to perform capacity studies on various network topologies and to monitor and study various aspects of ATN through graphical user interface (GUI). In this paper we describe briefly about the proposed ATN model and our abstraction of this model. Later we describe our simulator architecture highlighting some of the design specifications, scheduling algorithms and user interface. At the end, we have provided the results of performance studies on this simulator