Searches for the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Xe--Xe and Pb--Pb collisions with ALICE

Measurements of charge-dependent three-particle correlations in Pb–Pb and Xe–Xe collisions at √ sNN = 5.02 TeV and 5.44 TeV, respectively, are presented. For Pb–Pb collisions, the event shape engineering technique has been employed in the analysis. Results on the centrality dependence of the three-particle correlator γαβ ≡⟨cos(ϕα +ϕβ −2Ψ2)⟩ (α,β denote the charge sign), used to search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME), are reported in the transverse momentum interval 0.2 ≤ pT < 5.0GeV/c within the pseudorapidity range ∣η∣<0.8. The charge dependence of γαβ has similar magnitudes in the two collision systems pointing to large background contributions. It is quantitatively reproduced by the Anomalous Viscous Fluid Dynamics model and by a blast wave model calculation that includes non-CME effects in Xe–Xe collisions. Furthermore, these measurements combined with Monte Carlo Glauber and TRENTo simulations of the magnetic field are used to estimate the fraction of the CME contribution to γαβ in Xe–Xe and Pb–Pb collisions

A note on comonotonicity and positivity of the control components of decoupled quadratic FBSDE

In this small note we are concerned with the solution of Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) with drivers that grow quadratically in the control component (quadratic growth FBSDE or qgFBSDE). The main theorem is a comparison result that allows comparing componentwise the signs of the control processes of two different qgFBSDE. As a byproduct one obtains conditions that allow establishing the positivity of the control process.Comment: accepted for publicatio

Transverse sphericity of primary charged particles in minimum bias proton–proton collisions at √s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV

Measurements of the sphericity of primary charged particles in minimum bias proton–proton collisions at s√=0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC are presented. The observable is measured in the plane perpendicular to the beam direction using primary charged tracks with p T>0.5 GeV/c in |η|<0.8. The mean sphericity as a function of the charged particle multiplicity at mid-rapidity (N ch) is reported for events with different p T scales (“soft” and “hard”) defined by the transverse momentum of the leading particle. In addition, the mean charged particle transverse momentum versus multiplicity is presented for the different event classes, and the sphericity distributions in bins of multiplicity are presented. The data are compared with calculations of standard Monte Carlo event generators. The transverse sphericity is found to grow with multiplicity at all collision energies, with a steeper rise at low N ch, whereas the event generators show an opposite tendency. The combined study of the sphericity and the mean p T with multiplicity indicates that most of the tested event generators produce events with higher multiplicity by generating more back-to-back jets resulting in decreased sphericity (and isotropy). The PYTHIA6 generator with tune PERUGIA-2011 exhibits a noticeable improvement in describing the data, compared to the other tested generators

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

90-річчя члена-кореспондента НАН України Г.К. Степанковської

The p(T)-differential production cross section of electrons from semileptonic decays of heavy-flavor hadrons has been measured at midrapidity in proton-proton collisions at root s = 2.76 TeV in the transverse momentum range 0.5 < p(T) < 12 GeV/c with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The analysis was performed using minimum bias events and events triggered by the electromagnetic calorimeter. Predictions from perturbative QCD calculations agree with the data within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties

Searches for Chiral Magnetic Effect and Chiral Magnetic Wave in Xe-Xe and Pb-Pb collisions with ALICE

An important property of the strong interaction which is potentially observable in heavy-ion collisions is local parity violation. It manifests as a charge separation along the direction of the magnetic field, a phenomenon called the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME). A similar effect in which the presence of a vector charge (e.g., electric charge) causes a separation of chiralities is the Chiral Separation Effect (CSE). Their coupling leads to a wave propagation of the electric charge called the Chiral Magnetic Wave (CMW), causing a charge-dependent anisotropic flow. The charge dependence of the three-particle correlator $\gamma_{ab}$, often employed as evidence for the CME, is measured in Xe--Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.44$ TeV. This correlator depends strongly on centrality and is similar to that in Pb--Pb collisions. This finding and the prediction of a significantly larger CME signal in Pb--Pb than Xe--Xe collisions from Monte Carlo calculations including a magnetic field due to spectators point to a large non-CME contribution to the correlator. Furthermore, it is reproduced by the Anomalous Viscous Fluid Dynamics model with values of the CME signal close to zero and by a blast wave model calculation that incorporates background effects. The charge dependence of elliptic ($v_2$) and triangular ($v_3$) flow coefficients of unidentified charged hadrons and pions are used to search for the CMW in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV. The $v_3$ results are consistent with those of $v_2$, which suggests a significant background contribution

生産增加と貨幣需要

We report on two-particle charge-dependent cor- relations in pp, p\u2013Pb, and Pb\u2013Pb collisions as a function of the pseudorapidity and azimuthal angle difference, \u3b7 and \u3c6 respectively. These correlations are studied using the balance function that probes the charge creation time and the develop- ment of collectivity in the produced system. The dependence of the balance function on the event multiplicity as well as on the trigger and associated particle transverse momentum ( pT ) in pp, p\u2013Pb, and Pb\u2013Pb collisions at 1asNN = 7, 5.02, and 2.76 TeV, respectively, are presented. In the low transverse momentum region, for 0.2 < pT < 2.0 GeV/c, the balance function becomes narrower in both \u3b7 and \u3c6 directions in all three systems for events with higher multiplicity. The experimental findings favor models that either incorporate some collective behavior (e.g. AMPT) or different mecha- nisms that lead to effects that resemble collective behavior (e.g. PYTHIA8 with color reconnection). For higher values of transverse momenta the balance function becomes even narrower but exhibits no multiplicity dependence, indicating that the observed narrowing with increasing multiplicity at low pT is a feature of bulk particle production

Outcomes of Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Included in Phase I Clinical Trials

Abstract INTRODUCTION The phase 1 selection for clinical trials of patients with relapsed or refractory Diffuse Large-B cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) with a potentially rapid tumor growth is a challenge. Prognostics' factors identification could help to better orient patients in appropriate clinical trials. This study is focused on DLBCL to evaluate their outcomes in phase I clinical trials. Our main objectives were to identify prognostic factors, attest the investigational drugs' safety and perform a preliminary assessment of drugs' efficacy. METHOD All consecutive patients with R/R DLBCL included in phase I clinical trial at a single cancer center in France between 2008 and 2017. If a given patient had participated in several phase I clinical trial, only the data from his first trial were examined. The patients' and DLBCL characteristics, the safety data and the efficacy outcomes were recorded. Reponses were assessed according to the International Harmonization Project in Lymphoma Cheson 2007 criteria. Overall responses rates (ORR) included partial responses (PR) and complete response (CR) and tumor control rates included overall responses and stable disease (SD). RESULTS A total of 101 patients (males: 63,4%) with R/R DLBCL were included in a panel of 21 clinical trials. The median age was 64 (range 21-86). Before their inclusion in a phase I trial, patients had received a median of 3 (1-7) lines of treatment and 25,7% of patients had undergone an autologous stem cell transplantation. At the cute-off date, 5 of the 101 patients (4,95%) were still taking the investigational drug. The median progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 1,8 and 9,7 months. High-grade toxicity (grade 3 or higher) occurred in 47 of the 101 patients (46,5%), and was related to the investigational drug in 29 of these cases (61,7%). The most important drugs-related toxicity was a hematological toxicity (neutropenia and thrombocytopenia) for 79,3% of patients, other toxicities were digestive toxicity (5,9%), cutaneous toxicity (2,9%), hepatotoxicity (2,9%) and pneumopathy (2,9%). Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was experienced by 7 (6,9%) of the 101 patients. The time from D1C1 (day 1, cycle 1) to the occurrence of high-grade toxicity was 1,2 months (range 0,2-9,5). High-grade toxicity occurred during the DLT period (&lt; 6 weeks) for 27 of the 46 patients (58,7%) and after the DLT period in the remaining 19 (41,3%) patients. Factors associated with poor overall survival (overall survival inferior to the median OS) were Ann Arbor staging (73.6% of poor OS patients (&lt; 9.7 months) with a performance status at 4), serum albumin (30.2% of poor OS patients with a low rate of serum albumin ≤ 35 g/L), serum LDH (79.2% of poor OS patients with a high rate of serum LDH &gt; 250 U/L) and progressive disease (90.6% of poor OS patients had a trial withdrawal because of progression). The overall objective response and disease control rates were 25% and 43%. The median trial duration was 1.9 months and were respectively 12,1 and 5,5 months for responders (PR and CR) and controlled patients (PR and CR and SD). 36.6% of patients were prematurely withdrawing of study (before weeks 6). Factors associated with premature withdrew were performance status at baseline (67.6% of early withdrawal patients at performance status 1); Ann Arbor staging (67.6% of early withdrawal patients at Ann Arbor stage 4); serum LDH (73% of early withdrawal patients with a high rate of serum LDH &gt; 250 U/L) and serum albumin (35,1% of early withdrawal patients with a low rate of serum albumin ≤ 35 g/L). CONCLUSION High-grade toxicity occurred after the DLT period in 41.3% of patients with R/R DLBCL, suggesting that the conventional concept of dose-limiting toxicity should be redefined in the era of modern cancer therapies. Besides, even if the phase 1 selection for clinical trials is very selective, it's necessary to better orient patients in hematology. In fact, 36.6% of patients were prematurely withdrawing of study which could be anticipated thanks to the identification of prognostics' factors. Although the objective response is only a secondary endpoint in phase I clinical trials, the median duration of participation in trials (almost one year for responders and 5.5 months for controlled patients) are relevant for some new possibilities of therapeutics in the field of early drugs clinical trials. Disclosures Ribrag: NanoString Technologies: Consultancy, Honoraria; epizyme: Consultancy, Honoraria; Incyte Corporation: Consultancy; MSD: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria, Other: travel; Infinity: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel; Amgen: Research Funding; Servier: Consultancy, Honoraria; pharmamar: Other: travel; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria; argenX: Research Funding. </jats:sec