Extraoral Osseous Choristoma in the Head and Neck Region: Case Report and Literature Review

An osseous choristoma is a benign tumor consisting of regular bone tissue in an irregular localization. Choristomas in the head and neck region are rare. Most frequently, they are found in the region of the tongue or oral mucosa. There are also very few reports on osseous choristomas in the submandibular region. We present the case of a woman with a large, caudal osseous choristoma within the lateral cervical triangle. Literature review is given about all of the reported cases in the region of the neck. The pathogenesis is yet unexplained. Our case supports the theory that the development of an osseous choristoma is a reaction to a former trauma. Cervical osseous choristomas are seldom, but they represent an important differential diagnosis when dealing with a cervical tumo

Introduction: Prevent and Tame : Ideas for a New Perspective on Social Movements and Protest

Part of: Ullrich, Peter ; Papst, Andrea ; Heßdörfer, Florian: Introduction: Prevent and Tame : Ideas for a new perspective on social movements and protest. - In: Heßdörfer, Florian ; Pabst, Andrea ; Ullrich, Peter: Prevent and tame : Protest under (self-)control. - Berlin: Dietz, 2010. - (Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung: Manuskripte ; 88) - ISBN 978-3-320-02246-4

Trans‐selective insertional dihydroboration of a cis‐diborene: synthesis of linear sp3‐sp2‐sp3‐triboranes and subsequent cationization

The reaction of aryl‐ and amino(dihydro)boranes with dibora[2]ferrocenophane 1 leads to the formation 1,3‐trans‐dihydrotriboranes by formal hydrogenation and insertion of a borylene unit into the B=B bond. The aryltriborane derivatives undergo reversible photoisomerization to the cis‐1,2-μ‐H‐3hydrotriboranes, while hydride abstraction affords cationic triboranes, which represent the first doubly base‐stabilized B3H4+ analogues

Block Copolymer-based Photonic Pigments: Towards Structural Non-iridescent Brilliant Coloration

Creating color through the self-assembly of specific building blocks to fabricate photonic morphologies is a promising and intriguing approach to reproducing the flamboyant visual effects and dynamic properties observed in the natural world. However, the complexity and lack of robustness in the manufacture of these nanostructured materials hinder their technical exploitation on a large scale. To overcome such limitations, here we present a novel methodology to create bioinspired photonic pigments as dispersed and micrometer-scale particles based on highly ordered concentric lamellar microspheres made of block copolymers. First, we introduce the fabrication protocol and the advantages of this approach compared to the traditional colloidal self-assembly. Then, we discuss some possible future research directions focused on developing hybrid organic-inorganic photonic pigments with enhanced dielectric contrast, reduced scattering, and specific functionalities. Finally, we speculate on possible applications for these structures that go beyond their use as simple photonic pigments

Thoughts on opportunities from high-energy nuclear collisions

This document summarizes thoughts on opportunities from high-energy nuclear collisions.Comment: 10 pages, pd

DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMERCIAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM DESIGNED TO ENHANCE PERFORMANCE OF ELITE SWIMMERS IN STARTS, TURNS & RELAY CHANGEOVERS

This paper will provide information concerning the development of the PAS-S swimming start, turn and relay changeover analysis system, designed to enhance the performance of elite competition swimmers. The objective of this project was to provide a system that is able to be retro fitted into almost any training pool. A predecessor of PAS-S was the Wetplate Swim Analysis system which was developed at the Australian Institute of Sport in a pool specifically designed to accommodate it. The Wetplate System proved to be invaluable in the preparation of elite Australian swimmers for international competition in starts, turns and relay changeovers. However, replicating Wetplate at other training facilities was therefore not an option. This project was initiated to develop the PAS-S analysis system that may be installed to the advantage of swimmers in almost any pool

Municipalities’ digitalization and sustainability transformations: A network approach for designing a transdisciplinary knowledge community

In response to changing climatic conditions and the increasing need for more inclusive and participatory municipal service provision, many municipalities are undergoing a dual transformation process, one digital and one socio-ecological one. However, municipalities are at different stages and with different paces, often neither know what each other’s transformation processes look like nor have the tools and resources for meaningful cooperation. To foster knowledge sharing and mutual learning, we use a network approach for designing a transdisciplinary knowledge community for municipalities undergoing such transformation processes. This research in progress serves to improve the transfer between science and practice

a randomized, open, multicenter phase III trial of lenalidomide/dexamethasone versus lenalidomide/dexamethasone plus subsequent autologous stem cell transplantation and lenalidomide maintenance in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma

Background Despite novel therapeutic agents, most multiple myeloma (MM) patients eventually relapse. Two large phase III trials have shown significantly improved response rates (RR) of lenalidomide/dexamethasone compared with placebo/dexamethasone in relapsed MM (RMM) patients. These results have led to the approval of lenalidomide for RMM patients and lenalidomide/dexamethasone has since become a widely accepted second-line treatment. Furthermore, in RMM patients consolidation with high-dose chemotherapy plus autologous stem cell transplantation has been shown to significantly increase progression free survival (PFS) as compared to cyclophosphamide in a phase III trial. The randomized prospective ReLApsE trial is designed to evaluate PFS after lenalidomide/dexamethasone induction, high-dose chemotherapy consolidation plus autologous stem cell transplantation and lenalidomide maintenance compared with the well-established lenalidomide/dexamethasone regimen in RMM patients. Methods/Design ReLApsE is a randomized, open, multicenter phase III trial in a planned study population of 282 RMM patients. All patients receive three lenalidomide/dexamethasone cycles and - in absence of available stem cells from earlier harvesting - undergo peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and harvesting. Subsequently, patients in arm A continue on consecutive lenalidomide/dexamethasone cycles, patients in arm B undergo high dose chemotherapy plus autologous stem cell transplantation followed by lenalidomide maintenance until discontinuation criteria are met. Therapeutic response is evaluated after the 3rd (arm A + B) and the 5th lenalidomide/dexamethasone cycle (arm A) or 2 months after autologous stem cell transplantation (arm B) and every 3 months thereafter (arm A + B). After finishing the study treatment, patients are followed up for survival and subsequent myeloma therapies. The expected trial duration is 6.25 years from first patient in to last patient out. The primary endpoint is PFS, secondary endpoints include overall survival (OS), RR, time to best response and the influence of early versus late salvage high dose chemotherapy plus autologous stem cell transplantation on OS. Discussion This phase III trial is designed to evaluate whether high dose chemotherapy plus autologous stem cell transplantation and lenalidomide maintenance after lenalidomide/dexamethasone induction improves PFS compared with the well-established continued lenalidomide/dexamethasone regimen in RMM patients. Trial registration: ISRCTN16345835 (date of registration 2010-08-24)

Biopolymer photonics: from nature to nanotechnology

Biopolymers offer vast potential for renewable and sustainable devices. While nature mastered the use of biopolymers to create highly complex 3D structures and optimized their photonic response, artificially created structures still lack nature's diversity. To bridge this gap between natural and engineered biophotonic structures, fundamental questions such as the natural formation process and the interplay of structural order and disorder must be answered. Herein, biological photonic structures and their characterization techniques are reviewed, focusing on those structures not yet artificially manufactured. Then, employed and potential nanofabrication strategies for biomimetic, bio-templated, and artificially created biopolymeric photonic structures are discussed. The discussion is extended to responsive biopolymer photonic structures and hybrid structures. Last, future fundamental physics, chemistry, and nanotechnology challenges related to biopolymer photonics are foreseen.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

A Survey of Music Generation in the Context of Interaction

In recent years, machine learning, and in particular generative adversarial neural networks (GANs) and attention-based neural networks (transformers), have been successfully used to compose and generate music, both melodies and polyphonic pieces. Current research focuses foremost on style replication (eg. generating a Bach-style chorale) or style transfer (eg. classical to jazz) based on large amounts of recorded or transcribed music, which in turn also allows for fairly straight-forward "performance" evaluation. However, most of these models are not suitable for human-machine co-creation through live interaction, neither is clear, how such models and resulting creations would be evaluated. This article presents a thorough review of music representation, feature analysis, heuristic algorithms, statistical and parametric modelling, and human and automatic evaluation measures, along with a discussion of which approaches and models seem most suitable for live interaction