Twenty years of The International Pierre de Coubertin School Network

El presente artículo ha sido escrito con ocasión de cumplirse el 20 aniversario de la Red Internacional de Escuelas Pierre de Coubertin. En el presente trabajo se presentan y resumen los 11 Fórums celebrados desde 1997, el número, en continuo crecimiento, de escuelas participantes y los detalles de cada una de las reuniones bianuales. El artículo muestra que la idea del Comité Internacional Pierre de Coubertin relativa a reunir a los estudiantes de todo el mundo para competir y para brindarles experiencias en los valores olímpicos en diferentes campos del aprendizaje, ha dado sus frutos. Siguiendo la idea de Coubertin de paz y amistad entre las naciones, la Red Mundial de Escuelas Coubertin se ha convertido en un modelo sostenible para la educación olímpica, reconocido tanto por el COI como internacionalmenteThe following article was written on occasion of the 20th anniversary of the International Network of Pierre de Coubertin Schools. It presents the 11 Youth Forums held since 1997, the continually growing number of participating schools and illustrates the specifics of each of the biannual meetings. The article shows that the CIPC concept of bringing pupils from around the world together for fair competitions and to let them experience the Olympic Values in different fields of learning paid off. Following Coubertin’s idea of peace and friendship among nations, the World Network of Coubertin Schools has become a sustainable model for Olympic education, recognised by the IOC and internationall

Olympic education: Principles, activities and teaching models

El objetivo del presente artículo es desarrollar el concepto de Educación Olímpica. En este sentido, se expone una definición del concepto, los principios de la Educación Olímpica y sus principales actividades (artísticas y culturales, deportivas, académicas, material educativo, etc.). Además, se presentan los principales modelos de enseñanza de la Educación Olímpica (orientados al conocimiento, a la vida diaria o experimentales) así como el público objetivo al que va dirigido. Todo ello a través de una profunda revisión bibliográfica sobre este conceptoThe aim of this paper is to develop the concept of Olympic Education. In this sense, a definition of the concept, the principles of the Olympic education and its main activities (arts and culture, sports, academic, educational materials, etc.) is exposed. In addition, we develop the main models of teaching Olympic Education (oriented knowledge to everyday life or experimental) and the different people who can use it. All this through an extensive bibliographic review on this concep

Insolvency and over-indebtedness in Swiss insolvency law : a legal comparison with the regulations in Austria

Die Zahlungsunfähigkeit, Überschuldung und drohende Zahlungsunfähigkeit sind in den österreichischen, deutschen und Schweizer Insolvenzgesetzen als Voraussetzungen zur Eröffnung eines Insolvenzverfahrens genannt. Zahlungsunfähigkeit und Überschuldung sind Rechtsbegriffe deren Auslegung und Anwendung den Gerichten obliegen, die wiederum an die Rechtsprechungen der Höchstgerichte eines Landes gebunden sind. Das Verständnis und die Bestimmungen dieser Begriffe sind von Rechtsordnung zu Rechtsordnung verschieden. Grenzüberschreitende Rechtsvergleiche der österreichischen Bestimmungen werden bevorzugterweise mit der Rechtslage in Deutschland vorgenommen. Vergleiche zu Schweizer Bestimmungen sind selten. Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich daher der Untersuchung der Bestimmungen und Rechtsansichten zur Zahlungsunfähigkeit, Überschuldung sowie der drohenden Zahlungsunfähigkeit als Insolvenzeröffnungsvoraussetzungen in der Schweiz und stellt diese den Regelungen des österreichischen Insolvenzrechts gegenüber. Im Schweizer Schuldbetreibungs- und Konkursgesetz ist als Insolvenzgrund nur die Zahlungsunfähigkeit geregelt. Die Überschuldung und drohende Zahlungsunfähigkeit gelten in der Schweiz nur für Kapitalgesellschaften, allen voran der Aktiengesellschaft, wodurch die insolvenzrechtlichen Bestimmungen dazu auch im Aktienrechtsteil des Schweizer Obligationenrechts eingeordnet sind. Seit 1.1.2023 ist zudem die große Schweizer Aktienrechtsreform in Kraft. Dadurch wurden einerseits die gesetzlichen Regelungen zur Überschuldung überarbeitet, andererseits wurde auch die drohende Zahlungsunfähigkeit als zusätzlicher Krisentatbestand und Insolvenzeröffnungsgrund neu hinzugefügt. Die Arbeit beschränkt sich auf die Regelungen der Insolvenzgründe bei Kapitalgesellschaften. In der Schweizer Rechtsformlandschaft spielt die Aktiengesellschaft aufgrund ihrer zahlenmäßig hohen Verbreitung eine dominierende Rolle, auf welche auch in der Arbeit kurz eingegangen wird. Die Arbeit wird ergänzt durch einen Blick auf die Schweizer Insolvenzstatistiken.Insolvency, over-indebtedness and imminent insolvency are specified in Austrian, German and Swiss insolvency laws as prerequisites for the opening of insolvency proceedings. Insolvency and over-indebtedness are legal terms whose interpretation and application are the responsibility of the courts, which in turn are bound by the rulings of the highest courts of a country. The understanding and provisions of these terms differ from one legal system to another. Cross-border legal comparisons are preferably made with the legal situation in Germany. Comparisons with Swiss provisions are rare. This paper is therefore dedicated to examining the provisions and legal views on insolvency, over-indebtedness and the threat of insolvency as prerequisites for opening insolvency proceedings in Switzerland and compares these with the regulations under Austrian insolvency law. The Swiss Debt Enforcement and Bankruptcy Act (SchKG) only regulates insolvency as a reason for insolvency. In Switzerland, over-indebtedness and imminent insolvency only apply to incorporated companies, above all public limited companies, which means that the insolvency law provisions are also included in the company law section of the Swiss Code of Obligations (OR). Moreover, the major reform of Swiss company law has been in force since 1st January 2023. The reform brought a revision of the legal regulations on over-indebtedness and also added with the threat of insolvency a new crisis symptom which is also valid as a reason for opening insolvency proceedings. This paper is limited to the regulation governing the grounds for insolvency of corporations. In the landscape of Swiss legal forms, the public limited company plays a dominant role due to its numerical prevalence, which is also briefly discussed in this paper. The paper is finally supplemented by a look at the Swiss insolvency statistics.Mag. Hannes Ernst AndrecsMasterarbeit Universität Graz 2024Zusammenfassungen auf Deutsch und Englisc

Single-center outcome after ablation of atrial fibrillation using very high-power short duration pulmonary vein isolation

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation is (AF) an established second line therapy for patients with symptomatic paroxysmal (PAF) and persistent AF (persAF). Novel ablation catheters with integrated thermocouples allow fast application of radiofrequency lesions with powers up to 90W. We aimed to describe primary and secondary outcomes after very high-power short duration (vHPSD) ablation. Methods 126 consecutive patients (78 PAF, 43 persAF, 5 longstanding persistent AF) underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using the QDOT Micro Catheter (Biosense Webster) with the ablation mode QMODE+ (90W, 4s, interlesion distance ≤4mm anterior, ≤6mm posterior). Results Mean age was 62±9 years, 33% were female, median CHA2DS2-VASc Score was 2 (0, 7). Median follow up duration was 204 (14, 461) days. 30% of patients had additional ablation of typical right atrial flutter. Primary success rate to achieve pulmonary vein isolation was achieved in all patients, no catheter-related complications (e.g., charring, steam pop) occurred. First pass isolation of all 4 PVs was achieved in 48% of patients, re-ablations were necessary in the carina regions (right: 37% of cases, left: 29%) and ridge (14%). Median procedure for PVI only were 102 (45-210) minutes. Arrhythmia-free survival was 79,6% (see Figure 1). Eight patients underwent re-do procedures during follow-up showing most commonly showing gaps in the right inferior PV (63%) and ridge (50%). Conclusion Very high-power short duration ablation allows safe and quick pulmonary vein isolation. However, first pass isolation rate is low due to gaps in the carina regions. Arrhythmia-free survival is comparable to other pulmonary vein isolation techniques. Figure 1: Left panel: Sample image of a vHPSD-PVI, posterior view of the left atrium. Right panel: Single procedure arrhythmia-free survival after vHPSD-PVI. </jats:sec