Pemetaan dan Pengelolaan Status Kesuburan Tanah di Dataran Wai Apu, Pulau Buru

Research was aim to make map of soil fertility status and its management on farmland in Plain of Wai Apu,Buru Island have been conducted at 25.400 ha area, in year 2000. Evaluate of soil fertility status conducted in eachsoil-mapping unit and delineated with landscape mapping approach. Result of research that soil fertility status in Plainof Wai Apu is very low, low, middle and high, with wide respectively 17.145, 5.182, 1.549 and 1.542 ha. Limitingfactor to soil fertility is lowering of cation exchange capacities (CEC), C-Organic, K2O, P2O5 and base saturation.Alternative of land management suggested is improving C-organic and CEC which at the same time also can improvesoil nutrient content by giving organic materials like manure, straw compost (rich of K), chicken waste and guano(rich of P), accompanied with giving of inorganic manure like N, P, and K pursuant to soil chemical analysis. At areawith landform undulating to hilly needed conservation act, while mangrove forest, river border forest and sago whichis damage to be rehabilitated, while which still natural to be defended.Key words : mapping, soil fertility, Buru islandPemetaan status tanah dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor pembatas kesuburan tanah pada suatu areasehingga dapat dilakukan pengelolaan tanah berdasarkan faktor pembatas yang ditemukan. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk memetakan status kesuburan tanah dan alternatif pengelolaannya pada tanah-tanah pertanian di Dataran WaiApu, Pulau Buru telah dilakukan pada areal seluas 25.400 ha. Evaluasi status kesuburan tanah dilakukan pada tahun2000, terhadap setiap satuan unit tanah yang didelineasi berdasarkan pendekatan landscape mapping. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa status kesuburan tanah di Dataran Wai Apu adalah sangat rendah, rendah, sedang dan tinggidengan luasan berturut-turut 17.145, 5.182, 1.549 dan 1.542 ha. Faktor pembatas kesuburan tanah yang ditemukanadalah rendahnya nilai kapasitas tukar kation (KTK), C-organik, K2O, P2O5 dan kejenuhan basa. Alternatifpengelolaan tanah yang disarankan adalah meningkatkan C-organik dan KTK yang sekaligus juga dapat meningkatkankandungan hara dalam tanah, dengan cara memberikan bahan organik seperti pupuk kandang, kompos jerami(kaya K), kotoran ayam dan guano (kaya P), yang disertai dengan pemberian pupuk anorganik N, P, dan Kberdasarkan analisis kimia tanah. Pada areal dengan bentuk wilayah berombak sampai berbukit diperlukan tindakanpengawetan tanah dengan menanggulangi erosi, sedangkan daerah hutan mangrove, sagu dan hutan sempadan sungaiyang rusak dianjurkan untuk direhabilitasi sedangkan yang masih utuh untuk dipertahankan

Applicability of trials in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of trial populations showing adequate proportion of women, but underrepresentation of elderly people

Objectives: To evaluate whether elderly people and women are adequately represented in randomized controlled trials (RCT) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Four systematic searches in MEDLINE yielded RCT in RA and OA on any intervention published in 2016 and 2017 and population-based studies (PBS) in RA and OA published between 2013 and 2017. Random effects meta-analyses estimated the pooled proportion of elderly people (defined as being ≥ 65 years old), the mean age, its standard deviation (SD), and the proportion of women stratified by disease (RA and OA) and study type (RCT and PBS). Stratified estimates were subsequently compared. Results: 265 RCT comprising 51,240 participants and 53 PBS comprising 523,630 participants were included. In both RA and OA, RCT included lower proportions of elderly people than PBS: RA –0.18 (95% confidence interval –0.22 to –0.13); OA –0.20 (–0.30 to –0.09); had lower mean ages: RA –5.2 years (–6.8 to –3.5); OA –4.7 years (–7.5 to –2.0); and smaller SD: RA –1.9 years (–2.6 to –1.3); OA –2.7 years (–4.2 to –1.2); (all comparisons: p ≤ 0.001). Proportions of women were comparable in RCT compared to PBS in both RA and OA. Conclusions: While women are adequately represented in RA and OA trials, the elderly are underrepresented, probably limiting applicability of current evidence to this growing subgroup. It is urgent to improve the inclusion of elderly people in clinical trials and study age as a determinant for outcome

Assessment of Indigenous N, P and K Supply for Rice Site Specific Nutrient Management in Buru Regency

Rate of fertilizer that should be applied to rice soil based on Site Specific Nutrient Management (SSNM) depends on indigenous nutrient supply, its recovery efficiency, and the amount of nutrients requirement to achieve the yield target. Research on nutrient omission plot was conducted in farmers irrigated land on Waeapo plain, Buru Island. In this area, N, P, and K were the main limiting factors of rice growth and yield. To overcome the constraint, this assessment was conducted to determine the indigenous supply of N, P and K and optimal target of rice productivity. Results of this assessment showed that  the average of rice optimum productivity (Mg grain water content/w.c. 14% ha-1)  in Waeapo plain was 6.55 Mg DGM (Dry Grain Milled) ha-1, with range from 5.6 to 7.3 Mg DGM ha-1 depended on the indigenous supply of  N, P and K. The average value of the indigenous N, P and K supplies in Waeapo plain  Buru was 65.59 kg N ha-1, 13.70 kg P ha-1 and 78.65 kg K ha-1, respectively while average productivity of rice on that indigenous N, P and K supplies was 5.05, 5.96 and 6.05Mg DGM ha-1, respectively. The value of indigenous nutrient supply of this nutrient can be used as a basis of fertilizer recommendation with the SSNM concept. Keywords: Indigenous nutrient supply; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; Site Specific Nutrient Management [How to Cite: Andriko NS and  MP Sirappa. 2014. Assessment of Indigenous N, P and K Supply for Rice Site Specific Nutrient Management in Buru Regency. J Trop Soils 19: 151-159. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.151]  [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.151] &nbsp

Land Suitability and Proposed Land Utilization of Selaru Island, West Southeast Moluccas Regency for Development Food Crops

The study was conducted in Selaru Island, West Southeast Moluccas Regency in an area of   32,217 ha. The research objective was to determine the land suitability and proposed land utilization of Selaru Island for development of food crops. The results showed that Selaru Island has a rather suitable (S2) and marginally suitable (S3) for six crops (upland rice, corn, peanuts, mungbeans, sweet potato, and caladium) covering an area of   19,330 ha and not suitable permanent (N2) for the six crops covering an area of   3,905 ha, while the area of   8,982 ha partly classified accordingly (S3) to plant upland rice and calladium and partially classified as not suitable (N1 and N2) for corn, peanuts, mungbeans, and sweet potatoes. The main limiting factor to the primary land use for food crops in Selaru Island, West Southeast Moluccas Regency among others are the temperatures (the average annual temperature is high), rooting medium (soil solum is shallow), nutrient retention (soil pH is rather alkaline to alkaline), erosion hazard level is moderate, and terrain (wave, rocks on the surface of the soil, and rock outcrop).The proposed land utilization of Selaru Island for food crops based on land suitability classes are (1) food crops of upland-1 with the main commodities of corn, mungbeans, uwi/kumbili and caladium an area of   5,299 ha, (2) food crops of upland-2 with the main commodities of upland rice, uwi/kumbili and caladium an area of   8,982 ha, and (3) food crops of upland-3 with the main commodities peanuts and mungbean an area of   14,031 ha. Development of food crops in Selaru Island need to consider the priority scale factor, the level of compliance, and social culture of the local community

Kajian USAhatani Bawang Merah dengan Paket Teknologi Good Agriculture Practices

Shallot Farming With Good Agriculture Practices Technology Package. The productivity of shallot at the farmer level in Dolok Silau Sub district, North Sumatera Province is still low that is 4-5.25 ton/ha. The area of shallot cultivation in North Sumatra continues to decrease, because the selling price of tubers often harms the farmers. This study aimed to determine the increase shallot productivity using Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) technology package. This assessment was an adaptive research in a farming system perspective with On Farm Client Oriented Adaptive Research (OFCOAR) approach. The assessment was carried out in three farmer groups in Sarang Padang Village, Dolok Silau Sub-district, North Sumatera Province, 2016. The total area of shallot farming was 1500 m2 . The GAP technology package increased production costs per hectare, but the cost of shallot production per kg became cheaper, equal to (58%) of the farmer's technological costs. B/C of GAP package was 3.21 or this value was higher than the farmer technology package by 0.60. The addition of one unit of production cost to the GAP technology package could increase revenue by 7.29 times the revenues earned by the usual technology applied by farmers. The analysis of competitive advantage showed that the minimum selling price of shallot was 6,844.9 IDR/kg. Farmers still gain a competitive advantage from shallot farming activities at production rate of 17 ton/ha with the application of GAP technology

Analisis Efisiensi Teknis USAhatani Padi Sawah Irigasi di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat

The Analyzes of Technical Efficiency on Rice Farming in West Seram District. The study has been done on technical irrigated land in the district of West Seram (SBB), Maluku Province. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting rice production and the level of technical efficiency and the factors affecting technical efficiency on irrigated land. Method of Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) is used to estimate the parameters of the stochastic frontier production function in the form of Cobb-Douglash and linear regression with OLS method to estimate the determinants of technical efficiency. The results showed that there are three independent variables that significantly positive affect the output are Urea, NPK pelangi, and labor. Average level of technical efficiency 0.869 (range 0.684 to 0.967), by applying appropriate skills and cultivation techniques in the most efficient farmers average farmer will be able to save the cost of 10.16%. Factors area and transplanting system has positive significant effect on the level of technical efficiency of rice farming

Pandangan Ekonomi Islam terhadap Pembulatan Timbangan pada Jasa Pengiriman Barang J&T Express

Di zaman yang serbah canggih saat ini, serta dengan adanya system pembelajaan secara online, sehingga dapat memudahkan kita sebagai manusia untuk melakukan tranksasi jual beli barang dengan jarak yang cukup jauh, baik itu di dalam negeri maupun luar negeri serta pengiriman nya juga telah banyak berbagai macam-macam cara seperti dengan adanya jasa-jasa seperti JNE, J&T Sicepat, Cargo, dan lain-lainnya, sehingga hal itu mebuat kita lebih mudah untuk melakukan pengiriman barang, di dalam agama islampun melakukan transaksi jual beli sangat di perbolehkan dengan hukum-hukum serta syarat yang telah di tentukan,  permasalahan yang di ambil penulis saat ini adalah adanya pembulatan berat barang yang menjadi penentu biaya pengiriman jasa barang tersebut dengan pembulatan timbangan ke atas maupun kebawah, analisis ini di lakukan untuk mengetahui mengapa hal ini di lakukan, serta untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan ekonomi islam dalam pembulatan biaya pengiriman  barang, di sini penulis menggunakan metode pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, yang dimana penelti melihat langsung bagaimana praktik kerja yang di lakukan, serta mengungkapkan nya secara fakta, dalam melakukan penelitian serta mencoba langsung untuk melakukan transaksi pengiriman barang

PENGARUH PERLAKUAN PANAS QUENCHING TERHADAP NILAI KEKERASAN DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO BAJA JIS SUP 9A

Baja JIS SUP 9A merupakan bahan baku dalam pembuatan pegas daun dan termasuk baja karbon paduan sedang. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanik baja tersebut adalah dengan proses perlakuan panas (heat treatment) salah satunya quenching. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menganalisis pengaruh annealing dan quenching terhadap kekerasan baja JIS SUP 9A serta menganalisis perubahan struktur mikro baja JIS SUP 9A setelah dilakukan perlakuan annealing dan quenching. Material diberi perlakuan panas annealing dan quenching dengan temperatur 250°C dan 350°C serta pengujian kekerasan dengan metode rockwell, vickers, dan brinell. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa baja JIS SUP 9A dengan perlakuan panas quenching yaitu pada temperatur 250°C dan 350°C meningkatkan kekerasan baja dibandingkan dengan perlakuan panas annealing. Pengamatan struktur mikro baja JIS SUP 9A menggunakan alat Optical Microscopy (OM) yang terbentuk pada perlakuan annealing menunjukkan fasa ferit dan perlit yang diakibatkan oleh pendinginan yang sangat lambat serta pada perlakuan quenching temperatur 250°C dan 350°C menunjukkan fasa martensit dan ferit dengan martensit yang lebih dominan terbentuk dikarenakan oleh proses pendinginan secara cepat sehingga meningkatkan nilai kekerasan tinggi pada baja