IYV Global Evaluation

This is a report on the global evaluation of the International Year of Volunteers (IYV)

Development of biocompatible parylene neurocages

We present a refined method and design for building parylene neurocages for in vitro studies of live neural networks. Parylene neurocages are biocompatible and very robust, making them ideally suited for studying the synaptic connections between individual neurons to gain insight into learning and memory. The neurocage fabrication process is significantly less complex than earlier versions. Previous neurocage designs achieved limited neuronal outgrowth; however, the long-term cell survival rate was 50%

UK-wide evaluation of the Millennium Volunteers Programme

The Millennium Volunteers programme is a UK-wide government supported initiative designed to promote sustained volunteering among young people aged 16-24

Biocompatible parylene neurocages developing a robust method for live neural network studies

We present a refined method and design for fabricating parylene neurocages for in vitro studies of live neural networks. Parylene neurocages are biocompatible and very robust, making them ideally suited for studying the synaptic connections netween individual neurons to gain insight into learning and memory. The neurocage fabrication process is significantly less complex than earlier versions. Previous neurocage designs achieved limited neuronal outgrowth; however, the long-term cell survival rate was 50%

Third sector capacity building : the institutional embeddedness of supply

Previous articles in Voluntary Sector Review have documented the evolution of third sector capacity-building policy (Macmillan, 2011) and addressed the focus on ‘market-making’, characterised by a discursive shift since 2010 that favours demand-led over supply-led delivery models (Macmillan, 2013). This article builds on these articles by using data from the National Survey of Charities and Social Enterprises (NSCSE) to investigate the characteristics of third sector organisations on the supply side of the capacity-building ‘market’. We argue that the ambitions of the demand-led model need to be understood in the context of the embeddedness of these organisations. This is based on findings that suggests that, immediately prior to the identified discursive shift, a significant proportion of third sector capacity-building providers were embedded in the supply-led model through relationships with and funding from the public sector locally and nationally. This, we suggest, could thwart the ambitions of the demand-led model

Is Innocence Irrelevant to AEDPA\u27s Statute of Limitations - Avoiding a Miscarriage of Justice in Federal Habeas Corpus

The article discusses the debate on recognizing the innocence exception to the statute of limitations for original petitions for habeas corpus as provided in the Anti-terrorism and Effective Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA). Those who oppose cite the need for judicial economy and the absence of congressional intent. The author stresses the primordial concern of protecting the innocent and preventing miscarriage of justice as upheld by the history of habeas corpus and Supreme Court jurisprudence

Is Innocence Irrelevant to AEDPA\u27s Statute of Limitations - Avoiding a Miscarriage of Justice in Federal Habeas Corpus

The article discusses the debate on recognizing the innocence exception to the statute of limitations for original petitions for habeas corpus as provided in the Anti-terrorism and Effective Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA). Those who oppose cite the need for judicial economy and the absence of congressional intent. The author stresses the primordial concern of protecting the innocent and preventing miscarriage of justice as upheld by the history of habeas corpus and Supreme Court jurisprudence

The role of the hospital in the home registered nurse: A phenomenological study

Healthcare and societal expectations change over time, with Hospital in the Home (HITH) registered nurses (RNs) increasing in community profile in Australian nursing domains. The COVID-19 pandemic created pressures on HITH RNs to maintain the health and wellbeing of patients with acute and chronic illness management. A critical understanding of the HITH RN’s role is needed because large variations in current position descriptions (PDs) and role functions exist. In this research, I explored the HITH RN role and key functions through a qualitative interpretive phenomenological lens. I also conducted a critical PD evaluation of the duty statements, responsibilities, and accountability to identify the requirements of HITH nurses. In doing so, I revealed HITH RN roles to be complex, encompassing communication, accountability, and responsibilities in autonomous care-delivery settings. Thematic analysis of the data highlighted the challenges and successes of HITH roles. Three key areas emerged: professionalism, knowledge, and responsiveness, but there was a mismatch between scope of practice in the PDs. Overall, in this research I identified challenges in the day-to-day role and function of the HITH RN. The HITH RN undertakes complex roles, working within generic PDs that lack core components of the required autonomous practice, experience, and knowledge. This thesis contains outcomes and strategies that link national and international literature. It also contains recommendations for clarity and improvement in HITH RNs’ role, scope, and function. Redefining the principles of the HITH RN role at an advanced level has implications for policy and practice. The advanced care practice rewards achievement and develops role clarity that enables the provision of acute care in the community through a collaborative, timely, efficient, and effective approach

Psychophysiological Sensing and State Classification for Attention Management in Commercial Aviation

Attention-related human performance limiting states (AHPLS) can cause pilots to lose airplane state awareness (ASA), and their detection is important to improving commercial aviation safety. The Commercial Aviation Safety Team found that the majority of recent international commercial aviation accidents attributable to loss of control inflight involved flight crew loss of airplane state awareness, and that distraction of various forms was involved in all of them. Research on AHPLS, including channelized attention, diverted attention, startle / surprise, and confirmation bias, has been recommended in a Safety Enhancement (SE) entitled "Training for Attention Management." To accomplish the detection of such cognitive and psychophysiological states, a broad suite of sensors has been implemented to simultaneously measure their physiological markers during high fidelity flight simulation human subject studies. Pilot participants were asked to perform benchmark tasks and experimental flight scenarios designed to induce AHPLS. Pattern classification was employed to distinguish the AHPLS induced by the benchmark tasks. Unimodal classification using pre-processed electroencephalography (EEG) signals as input features to extreme gradient boosting, random forest and deep neural network multiclass classifiers was implemented. Multi-modal classification using galvanic skin response (GSR) in addition to the same EEG signals and using the same types of classifiers produced increased accuracy with respect to the unimodal case (90 percent vs. 86 percent), although only via the deep neural network classifier. These initial results are a first step toward the goal of demonstrating simultaneous real time classification of multiple states using multiple sensing modalities in high-fidelity flight simulators. This detection is intended to support and inform training methods under development to mitigate the loss of ASA and thus reduce accidents and incidents