Heterogeneity in Phenotype of Usher-Congenital Hyperinsulinism Syndrome:Hearing Loss, Retinitis Pigmentosa, and Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia Ranging from Severe to Mild with Conversion to Diabetes

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the phenotype of 15 children with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) and profound hearing loss, known as Homozygous 11p15-p14 Deletion syndrome (MIM #606528). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Prospective clinical follow-up and genetic analysis by direct sequencing, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, and microsatellite markers. RESULTS: Genetic testing identified the previous described homozygous deletion in 11p15, USH1C:c.(90+592)_ABCC8:c.(2694–528)del. Fourteen patients had severe CHI demanding near-total pancreatectomy. In one patient with mild, transient neonatal hypoglycemia and nonautoimmune diabetes at age 11 years, no additional mutations were found in HNF1A, HNF4A, GCK, INS, and INSR. Retinitis pigmentosa was found in two patients aged 9 and 13 years. No patients had enteropathy or renal tubular defects. Neuromotor development ranged from normal to severe delay with epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS: The phenotype of Homozygous 11p15-p14 Deletion syndrome, or Usher-CHI syndrome, includes any severity of neonatal-onset CHI and severe, sensorineural hearing loss. Retinitis pigmentosa and nonautoimmune diabetes may occur in adolescence

Synthesis of Chitosan and Its Use in Metal Removal

In this research work natural bio polymer “chitosan” was synthesized using locally available fish shells and adsorption of copper by chitosan was studied. Synthesize of chitosan involved four main stages as preconditioning, demineralization, deprotenisation and deacetylation. Chitosan was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The affinity of chitosan for cupper was studied using anhydrous CuCl2 solution as the heavy metal solution containing Cu (II) ions. Adsorption of cupper ions by chitosan was investigated under different conditions. Amount of copper absorbed was evaluated using atomic adsorption spectroscopy. Key words: Adsorption, chitosan, cupper, chitin

Chat network study and design using HTML and PHP web programming

Chat rooms becoming a part of human life, from sharing and exchanging information such as texts, pictures and messages. Many begin to share the latest news and images related to news in the media field as well as chat messaging in the Internet and targeting customers in business, jokes, music and video in the entertainment field. In this paper a chat web site are designed using Hyper Text Markup language (HTML) and Personal Home Page (PHP) web programming languages with security and authentication features added to it to keep user privacy and personal information unattached, and Apache http server are used to test it

Isolation and Identification of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus and Detection their Ability to the Production of Virulence Factors

الهدف: عزل وتشخيص بكتريا  S.aureus ودراسة قابليتها على إنتاج عوامل الضراوة. المواد والأساليب: جمعت 50 عينة سريرية لبكتريا Staphylococcus aureus في محافظة النجف الأشرف وللفترة من 10/10/2013 ولغاية 20/1/2014، تم التشخيص بالاعتماد على الخصائص المظهرية والزرعية والفحوصات الكيموحيويه، وأجري أختبار حساسية بكتريا Staphylococcus aureus للمضادات الحياتية بأستعمال طريقة أنتشار قرص المضاد الحياتي  بالإضافة إلى دراسة عوامل الضراوة المنتجة من S.aureu s النتائج: أظهرت النتائج أن المكورات العنقودية الذهبية المقاومة للميثيسيلين شكلت حوالي  70٪ وان30 ٪ من العزلات كانت حساسة لنفس المضاد الحياتي. اختبرت 10 عزلات من البكتريا المقاومة للمثيسلين لكفاءتها في تكوين أعلى مناطق التثبيط  ولاختبار حساسيتها للمضادات الحياتية الأخرى، وأظهرت النتائج إن بكتريا S.aureus كانت مقاومة لمضاد Penicillin بنسبة  100٪، في حين لا توجد مقاومة تجاه CO-Trimethoprim إذ كانت حساسة لها بنسبة 100٪.       كما تم التحري عن قابلية عزلات S.aureus المقاومة للمثيسلين لإنتاج الغشاء الحيوي Biofilm والطبقة المخاطية Slime layer بأستخدام طريقتي الأنبوبة والنمو على وسط Congo red agar على التوالي، بعدها أختبرت10عزلات لجرثومة المكورات العنقودية اعتماداً على المقاومة للمثيسلين وقابليتها العالية على أنتاج الغشاء الحيوي والطبقة المخاطية. الاستنتاجات: لذا نستنتج أمتلاك عزلات بكتريا  المكورات العنقودية الذهبية مقاومة عالية لمضادات Lactam-β وأن المضاد الحياتي  CO-Trimethoprimهو المضاد الأكثر فعالية في تثبيط نمو هذه البكتريا، بالإضافة إلى قدرتها على أنتاج عوامل الضراوة. كما إن سبب زيادة مقاومة بكتيريا لعزلاتنا المحلية قد يكون إلى الاستخدام المتكرر للمضادات الحياتية، مما أدى إلى زيادة مقاومة البكتريا لمختلف المضادات الحيوية.* Objectives: Isolation and Identification of S.aureus and study their susceptibility to the production of virulence factors. * Methods: A total of 50 clinical specimens of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were collected in AL- Najaf AL-Asharaf governorate during the period of (10/10/2013-20/1/2014) by the cultural characteristic colonies, microscopic for cells, biochemical tests, antibiotics susceptibility test to Staphylococcus aureus using an antibiotic diffusion disc assay, in addition to studying the virulence factors produced from S.aureus . * Results: The results show that the Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin formed 70% and 30% of isolates were sensitive to the same antibiotics. Tested 10  isolates to methicillin-resistant for their efficiency in forming the highest inhibitory areas for testing their sensitivity to other antibiotics used, the results show S.aureus resistant to penicillin about 100%, while there is no resistance to CO-Trimethoprim because it was sensitive completely 100%.       The susceptibility investigated of Staphylococcus aureus resistance methicillin isolates to the production of biofilm and slime layer with using both tube method and growth on Congo red agar respectively. Ten isolates of S.aureus  were tested based on resistance to methicillin and their high susceptibility to the production of the biofilm and the slime layer. * Conclusion: So we conclude, they have Staphylococcus aureus is highly resistant to β- Lactam antibiotics and the CO-trimethoprim is the most effective in the inhibiting growth of this bacteria. In addition to its ability to produce virulence factors. The increase cause bacterial resistance to our local isolates may be due to the frequent use of antibiotics, which allowed for increased bacterial resistance to various antibiotics. &nbsp

A Suggestion of a Procedural Method for the Management of Post-War Waste

The increasing number of disasters (natural or man-made) worldwide has made post-disaster waste management an essential aspect of disaster recovery. This is obvious in Iraq where the Iraqi government faces an important challenge regarding the events of 2014 (ISIS gang conflict) and the accumulation of huge volumes of construction and demolition (C&D) waste resulting from military operations and terrorist destruction. Field surveys by the specialist teams estimated the amount of waste at about 10 million tons in the Nineveh governorate only, much of which comprises potentially useful materials that could be reused or recycled in the reconstruction process. This paper investigates the obstacles to the sustainable management of such waste in the Nineveh governorate. A pilot questionnaire survey of 76 experts working in the waste management sector was carried out to identify the obstacles to the sustainable management of accumulated waste in the Nineveh governorate. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23.0. Based on the identified obstacles, a procedural method of managing post-war waste that accumulated in Iraq has been created. The paper illustrates several conclusions in the strategic, economic, social, and environmental sectors to address identified gaps in sustainable waste management in Iraq. It is hoped that this study’s results will support post-disaster sustainable development goals in Iraq

Evaluation of the Immunochromatography Assay's Diagnostic Performance for Quickly Detecting the Presence of COVID-19 Antigen in Patients with Positive PCR Results

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR-CoV-2) is the novel infectious disease agent that causes COVID-19. The laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 is based on nucleic acid-based virus genome sequencing and real-time PCR and serological methods, rapid antigenic testing. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity of the immunochromatography method by comparing it with PCR in covid-19 diagnosis. The study involved 116 samples, 90 samples included covid-19 patients and 26 samples included healthy, as a control group. Two nasopharyngeal swabs (NP) were taken, one for an antigenic test cassette and the other swab for re-confirmation of the infection by a real-time RT-PCR. The result of this study showed that there was a significant difference (P value = 0.0001) between RT PCR and rapid Ag tests in patients and healthy groups. The low sensitivity recorded for rapid antigen detection kits was 69% and 70%, respectively, compared with the 100% sensitivity of PCR. This study demonstrated an elevated positive rate of rapid Ag positive during the period (8–14 days) of symptoms onset. This study concluded that the rapid antigen test is a helpful tool for detecting the presence of COVID-19 infection, but it may not be the best alternative due to its low sensitivity

Semaglutide as a potential therapeutic alternative for HNF1B-MODY: a case study

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a grouping of monogenic disorders. It is characterized by dominantly inherited, non-insulin-dependent diabetes. MODY is relatively rare, encompassing up to 3.5% in those diagnosed under 30 years of age. Specific types are most commonly treated with sulfonylurea, particularly those identified as HNF4A-MODY and HNF1A-MODY. HNF1B-MODY is another type that is most frequently managed with insulin therapy but lacks a defined precision treatment. We present an 18-year-old, non-obese female patient diagnosed with HNF1B-MODY. She displays complete gene deletion, a renal cyst, and hypomagnesemia. Her treatment plan includes both long- and short-acting insulin, though she frequently encountered hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Semaglutide, a GLP-1RA, was administered weekly over 4 months. The patient’s glucose level was continuously tracked using Dexcom’s Continuous Glucose Monitoring system. The data suggested a notable improvement in her condition: time-in-range (TIR) increased from 70% to 88%, with some days achieving 100%, and the frequency of hypoglycemic episodes, indicated by time-below-range values, fell from 5% to 1%. The time-above-range values also dropped from 25% to 10%, and her HbA1c levels declined from 7% to 5.6%. During the semaglutide therapy, we were able to discontinue her insulin treatment. Additionally, her body mass index (BMI) was reduced from 24.1 to 20.1 kg/m2. However, the semaglutide treatment was halted after 4 months due to side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and reduced appetite. Other contributing factors included exam stress and a COVID-19 infection, which forced a switch back to insulin. Her last recorded HbA1c level under exclusive insulin therapy rose to 7.1%, and her BMI increased to 24.9 kg/m2. In conclusion, semaglutide could potentially replace insulin to improve glucose variability, TIR, and HbA1c in patients with HNF1B-MODY. However, more extensive studies are required to confirm its long-term safety and efficacy

GECAF : a generic and extensible framework for developing context-aware smart environments

The new pervasive and context-aware computing models have resulted in the development of modern environments which are responsive to the changing needs of the people who live, work or socialise in them. These are called smart envirnments and they employ high degree of intelligence to consume and process information in order to provide services to users in accordance with their current needs. To achieve this level of intelligence, such environments collect, store, represent and interpret a vast amount of information which describes the current context of their users. Since context-aware systems differ in the way they interact with users and interpret the context of their entities and the actions they need to take, each individual system is developed in its own way with no common architecture. This fact makes the development of every context aware system a challenge. To address this issue, a new and generic framework has been developed which is based on the Pipe-and-Filter software architectural style, and can be applied to many systems. This framework uses a number of independent components that represent the usual functions of any context-aware system. These components can be configured in different arrangements to suit the various systems' requirements. The framework and architecture use a model to represent raw context information as a function of context primitives, referred to as Who, When, Where, What and How (4W1H). Historical context information is also defined and added to the model to predict some actions in the system. The framework uses XML code to represent the model and describes the sequence in which context information is being processed by the architecture's components (or filters). Moreover, a mechanism for describing interpretation rules for the purpose of context reasoning is proposed and implemented. A set of guidelines is provided for both the deployment and rule languages to help application developers in constructing and customising their own systems using various components of the new framework. To test and demonstrate the functionality of the generic architecture, a smart classroom environment has been adopted as a case study. An evaluation of the new framework has also been conducted using two methods: quantitative and case study driven evaluation. The quantitative method used information obtained from reviewing the literature which is then analysed and compared with the new framework in order to verify the completeness of the framework's components for different xiisituations. On the other hand, in the case study method the new framework has been applied in the implementation of different scenarios of well known systems. This method is used for verifying the applicability and generic nature of the framework. As an outcome, the framework is proven to be extensible with high degree of reusability and adaptability, and can be used to develop various context-aware systems.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Evaluation The MIR26 As a Bio Marker in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis, also known as RA, is a systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease that is persistent and affects 1% of people globally. Aim of study: This study was conducted to calculation the expression of miRNA-26 by RT-PCR. Methodology: A case control study has been conducted from 15 October 2023 to 15 of January 2024. This study has been done at the Medical City Hospital, Baghdad Government. And included 45 patients ( females and male)  which diagnosed with RA disease by specialist physician, and their ages ranges between, 18 to 75 years. Blood was drawn from the patients to investigate the MIR26, by RT- PCR (Real time polymerase chain reaction). Results: The average Ct value for miR-26 in the group of controls is 6.82, with a fold change of around 1.00 while the average Ct value for miR-26 in group of patients is 7.59, with a fold change of around 7.59. Conclusion: There is significance elevation in miRNA26 in patients group other than in control subjects' group. It is possible that miR-26 contributes to the diseases or disorders that these people suffer from it