Spoken content retrieval: A survey of techniques and technologies

Speech media, that is, digital audio and video containing spoken content, has blossomed in recent years. Large collections are accruing on the Internet as well as in private and enterprise settings. This growth has motivated extensive research on techniques and technologies that facilitate reliable indexing and retrieval. Spoken content retrieval (SCR) requires the combination of audio and speech processing technologies with methods from information retrieval (IR). SCR research initially investigated planned speech structured in document-like units, but has subsequently shifted focus to more informal spoken content produced spontaneously, outside of the studio and in conversational settings. This survey provides an overview of the field of SCR encompassing component technologies, the relationship of SCR to text IR and automatic speech recognition and user interaction issues. It is aimed at researchers with backgrounds in speech technology or IR who are seeking deeper insight on how these fields are integrated to support research and development, thus addressing the core challenges of SCR

Pengembangan Model Peningkatan Motivasi Berprestasi Guru Sekolah Dasar Di Kabupaten Kendal

Salah satu faktor yang menjadi kendala dalam peningkatana mutu pendidikan adalah kinerja guru. Kinerja guru erat kaitannya dengan motivasi berprestasinya, dengan motivasi berprestasi ini guru akan memiliki dan mengejar standard of excellence dalam melaksanakan tugas profesionalnya. Motivasi berprestasi adalah USAha yang gigih untuk berprestasi sebaik mungkin dalam segala aktivitas kehidupan. Untuk mengembangkan motivasi berprestasi guru melibatkan unsur individu pemahaman akan kebutuhan guru ; dan unsur lingkungan berkaitan dengan iklim kerja . Peningkatan motivasi berprestasi dilakukan dengan pelatihan peningkatan motivasi berprestasi. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mendeskripsikan motivasi berprestasi guru SD sebagai dasar penampilan kerja profesionalnya, iklim kerja guru dalam lingkup tugasnya di sekolah, dan menemukembangkan pola atau model pelatihan untuk peningkatan motivasi berprestasi guru SD. Penelitian dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan Research and Development, suatu program penelitian yang ditindaklanjuti dengan program pengembangan untuk penyempurnaan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive, pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan wawancara terbuka. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik prosentase, dan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dilakukan dengan membuat deskripsi kualitatif atas temuan penelitian. Penelitian ini menghasilkan prototipe pengembangan model peningkatan motivasi berprestasi bagi guru SD, diharapkan motivasi berprestasi guru meningkat yang akan nampak pada kinerjanya. Kualitas kinerja guru dapat diamati dari pencapaian prestasi yang diperoleh siswa, kepuasan orang tua dan stakeholder

Reconstruction of Nonunion Tibial Fractures in War-Wounded Iraqi Civilians, 2006-2008: Better Late Than Never

OBJECTIV

Pengaruh Stomata dan Klorofil pada Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Jagung terhadap Penyakit Bulai

Resistant varieties are more advisable for controlling maize downy mildew compared with fungicides which is not effective and not environmentally friendly. This study is aimed to determine resistance of some varieties of maize against downy mildew. The maize varieties used were BS 0114, BS 0214, BS 0314, PAC 105, Sweet Corn and BISI 2. The parameters measured were disease incidence and intensity, chlorophyll content of leaves, stomatal density and plants dry weight. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results indicated that PAC 105, BS 0214 and BS 0314 were resistant varieties, while BS 0114, Sweet Corn and BISI 2 were susceptible. PAC 105 variety has the lowest stomatal density (65.353/mm2), and Sweet Corn variety has the highest stomatal density (110.79/mm2). Stomatal density was positively correlated with the disease intensity. Higher disease intensity has lower chlorophyll content compared with the lower intensity. PAC 105 variety has the highest chlorophyll content and plant dry weight, while Sweet Corn variety has the lowest chlorophyll content and plant dry weight. INTISARI Penggunaan varietas tahan bulai lebih dianjurkan digunakan dalam pengendalian penyakit bulai pada jagung dibandingkan dengan penggunaan fungisida karena tidak efektif dan tidak ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketahanan beberapa varietas jagung terhadap penyakit bulai. Varietas yang digunakan meliputi BS 0114, BS 0214, BS 0314, PAC 105, jagung manis, dan BISI 2. Parameter yang diamati adalah insidensi dan intensitas penyakit, kandungan klorofil setelah inokulasi, kerapatan stomata dan berat kering tanaman. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan analisis varians (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut dengan Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian rumah kaca menunjukkan bahwa varietas PAC 105, BS 0214 dan BS 0314 merupakan varietas tahan, sedangkan varietas BS 0114, jagung manis dan BISI 2 merupakan varietas yang rentan. Varietas tahan PAC 105 memiliki kerapatan stomata paling rendah yaitu 65,353/mm2, dan kerapatan stomata paling tinggi dimiliki oleh varietas rentan yaitu jagung manis dengan kerapatan 110,79/mm2. Kerapatan stomata berkorelasi positif dengan intensitas penyakit dengan koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,72526. Semakin rendah intensitas penyakit bulai kandungan klorofil dan berat kering yang semakin tinggi. Varietas PAC 105 yang mempunyai intensitas penyakit paling rendah , mempunyai kandungan klorofil dan berat kering tertinggi, sedangkan varietas jagung manis mempunyai kandungan klorofil dan berat kering terendah

Dynamic real-time risk analytics of uncontrollable states in complex internet of things systems, cyber risk at the edge

The Internet of Things (IoT) triggers new types of cyber risks. Therefore, the integration of new IoT devices and services requires a self-assessment of IoT cyber security posture. By security posture this article refers to the cybersecurity strength of an organisation to predict, prevent and respond to cyberthreats. At present, there is a gap in the state of the art, because there are no self-assessment methods for quantifying IoT cyber risk posture. To address this gap, an empirical analysis is performed of 12 cyber risk assessment approaches. The results and the main findings from the analysis is presented as the current and a target risk state for IoT systems, followed by conclusions and recommendations on a transformation roadmap, describing how IoT systems can achieve the target state with a new goal-oriented dependency model. By target state, we refer to the cyber security target that matches the generic security requirements of an organisation. The research paper studies and adapts four alternatives for IoT risk assessment and identifies the goal-oriented dependency modelling as a dominant approach among the risk assessment models studied. The new goal-oriented dependency model in this article enables the assessment of uncontrollable risk states in complex IoT systems and can be used for a quantitative self-assessment of IoT cyber risk posture