Correlation Between Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Pathology-Measured Tumor Size in Women with Recently Diagnosed Breast Cancer. Optimizing tumor-size estimation with imaging techniques for higher precision

The use of Breast-MRI in surgical planning of breast cancer is a field of controversy due to its high sensitivity but low specificity, alongside with overestimation of tumor-size. It has been proven many factors contribute to this overestimation. This study aims to define the extent of impact that the Clinical T-Stage, Histologic Subtype, Histologic Grade and Biologic Profile have on the correlation between MRI and ultrasonography (US) with pathology-measured tumor-size. To do so, a prospective, observational, descriptive, multicenter correlational study will be conducted in 145 women with recently diagnosed breast cancer, to whom a gadolinium-enhanced breast MRI will be performed alongside traditional triple assessment, recording largest diameter of tumor by US and MRI. This correlation will later be analyzed under the influence of the items in study individually to extract conclusions of the degree of impact, to secondly conjecture a mathematical model of optimization in tumor-size estimation.El uso de Resonancia Magnética Mamaria (RMM) en la planificación pre-quirúrgica del cáncer de mama es controvertido dada la alta sensibilidad y baja especificidad, junto con la sobreestimación del tamaño tumoral. Ha sido demostrado que múltiples factores contribuyen a esta sobreestimación. Este estudio se centra en definir el grado de impacto que tienen la T-Clínica, Subtipo Histológico, Grado Histológico y Perfil Biológico sobre la correlación del tamaño tumoral medido por RMM o Ecografía y anatomía patológica. Se realizará un estudio prospectivo, observacional, descriptivo, correlacional y multicéntrico con 145 mujeres recientemente diagnosticadas de cáncer de mama, a las que se les realizará una MRR con gadolinio además del protocolo diagnóstico habitual, anotando el diámetro máximo de tumor observado en MRR y ecografía. Esta correlación será analizada bajo la influencia de los ítems a estudio individualmente para extraer conclusiones sobre el grado de impacto, para secundariamente desarrollar un modelo matemático de optimización en estimación de tamaño tumoral

Of Rats and Names (Reflections on Hate)

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Directors’ Duty of Care in Times of Financial Distress Following the Global Epidemic Crisis

The global COVID-19 pandemic is causing the large-scale end of life and severe human suffering globally. This massive public health crisis created a significant economic crisis and is reflected in a recession of global production and the collapse of confidence in the functions of markets. Corporations and boards of directors around the world are required to design specific strategies to tackle the negative consequences of the crisis. This is especially true for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that suffered tremendous economic loss, and their continued existence as ongoing concern is under considerable risk. Given these uncertain financial times, this Article is devoted to exploring directors\u27 duty of care from a global perspective. In particular, I argue that the current crisis will underline the importance of the advisory role of the board of directors rather than the monitoring function, and further regulatory reforms that strengthen such capacity are expected to emerge. Furthermore, I maintain that the civil law rather than the Anglo-American law on directors\u27 duty of care provides boards with a more expansive scope of discretion to confront the unusual challenges associated with COVID-19 because these governance regimes are tailored to the unique features of companies and markets. I apply this novel argument to different types of SMEs, mainly in family business firms and venture capital-backed firms

The Jew, the Arab: A History of the Enemy

Tekst jest fragmentem książki The Jew, The Arab. A History of the Enemy poświęconej historii wrogości między Arabami i Żydami, a także historii związku tego konfliktu z kształtowaniem się zarówno tożsamości w Europie, jak i tożsamości samych Arabów i Żydów. Śledząc rozważania takich filozofów jak Carl Schmitt czy Jacques Derrida, autor stara się przedstawić mechanizmy odpowiedzialne za tworzenie różnic pierwotnych względem tożsamości i jednocześnie dla ich konstrukcji niezbędnych. Różnice te są niezbędne do tworzenia par pojęciowych takich jak „wnętrze–zewnętrze” czy „wróg–przyjaciel”. Problem konstrukcji pojęcia wroga jako konstrukcji różnic i tożsamości zostaje tu zbadany na płaszczyźnie teologii, polityki i prawa, a także jako zagadnienie związane z różnicami etnicznymi oraz z pojęciem „Europy”.The text is a fragment of a book titled The Jew, The Arab: A History of the Enemy, which is devoted to the history of hostility between Arabs and Jews, as well as to the connection of this conflict with the shaping of both identities in Europe and the identities of Arabs and Jews themselves. Following considerations by such philosophers as Carl Schmitt and Jacques Derrida, the author tries to present the mechanisms responsible for creating primary differences as the necessary conditions for identity creation. These differences are essential for creating conceptual pairs such as "inside-outside” or "enemy-friend." The problem of constructing a concept of the enemy as well as of forging differences and identities is examined at the crossroads of theology, politics, law and ethnic differences, as well as in its function in the very creation of the concept of "Europe.

On the Political History of Destruction

This essay seeks to reframe the question of continuity (or discontinuity) between Orientalism and Islamophobia as, underlying the question, is an enduring conception of history as agentive, as a “making,” a “construction,” or a “production” (“Men make their own history …”). Turning our attention instead toward destructive power—distinct from repressive and coercive and from productive and enabling modes of power (Foucault, Said)—a distinct history, or anti-history, emerges, which necessitates a different lexicon. Political or subject formations might still be at stake, but another logic or illogic, a different politics may become visible where the main concern is not the making of world (Arendt), but its undoing; not the production of collectives or of individual subjects, but their destruction. Torture, as Jean Améry described it, is one such destruction of world. It may thus become possible to ask whether, between Orientalism and Islamophobia, the Muslims or Muselmänner of the Nazi camps were a “product,” whether they were “made” into subjects. The essay builds on earlier reflections where elements of a lexicon and analytics of destruction were considered (Heidegger, Derrida), along with preliminary answers to the question: what is destruction? Or here: is there a history of destruction? </p

The Forgetting of Christianity

What is Christianity? What is its sense? Is it a religion, a religion like all other religions? In joining a chorus of European philosophers who have returned to Paul or to Christianity, Jean-Luc Nancy retains the Latin word “religion” as the uninterrogated marker of Christianity and other “world religions.” Religion is thus the site of an ambiguous “sharing,” of which Christianity partakes perhaps more than others — but within which limits? Besides its deconstruction, has there been a critique of Christianity

Optical redox ratio and endogenous porphyrins in the detection of urinary bladder cancer:a patient based biopsy analysis

© 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Bladder cancer is among the most common cancers in the UK and conventional detection techniques suffer from low sensitivity, low specificity, or both. Recent attempts to address the disparity have led to progress in the field of autofluorescence as a means to diagnose the disease with high efficiency, however there is still a lot not known about autofluorescence profiles in the disease. The multi-functional diagnostic system “LAKK-M” was used to assess autofluorescence profiles of healthy and cancerous bladder tissue to identify novel biomarkers of the disease. Statistically significant differences were observed in the optical redox ratio (a measure of tissue metabolic activity), the amplitude of endogenous porphyrins and the NADH/porphyrin ratio between tissue types. These findings could advance understanding of bladder cancer and aid in the development of new techniques for detection and surveillance. (Figure presented.)

Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Synechococcus Clade II and Other Microbes in the Eutrophic Subtropical San Diego Bay.

The diversity of the marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus can be broadly separated into clades, with clade II typically present in warm oligotrophic water, and clades I and IV found in cooler coastal water. We found amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) belonging to clade II in the nutrient-replete waters of San Diego Bay (SDB). Using the 16S rRNA gene, 18S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer region sequencing, we analysed multiple locations in SDB monthly for over a year, with additional samples dating back to 2015. Synechococcus community composition differed from the nearby coast into SDB in terms of dominant clade and ASVs. Specific clade II ASVs became relatively more abundant towards the back of the bay and showed seasonality, with higher relative abundance in the warm months. Select ASVs group phylogenetically and show similar seasonal and spatial distribution patterns, indicating these ASVs have adapted to SDB. Isolates matching clade II ASVs from SDB show pigment composition that is better adapted to the green light available in SDB, further supporting our findings. Other microbial taxa also show SDB enrichment, providing evidence that SDB is a chemostat-like environment where circulation, temperature, light and other environmental conditions create a zone for microbial evolution and diversification