Impact of disability on employment interviews

70 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.Includes abstract and appendices.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-59).An experiment was conducted online to test the impact of disability salience and job type on the hiring recommendations and interview performance ratings provided for a job applicant. Participants (N = 215) were presented with a pre-recorded employment interview and rated the answers provided by the applicant, and provided a hiring recommendation. The study used a between-subjects 2 (Job Type) X 3 (Interview Condition) factorial design. Participants were assigned to one of six conditions. They were informed the interview was for either a high or low mobility position, and then presented one of three potential interview conditions: video with an able-bodied job applicant, video with a physically disabled job applicant, or an audio recording representing a telephone interview. Participants were recruited from both Canada (n = 106) and the United States (n = 109). A multivariate between subjects MANOVA resulted in significant effect of Country of Residence on both dependent variables, with Canadian and American participants providing significantly different hiring recommendations and interview ratings. Results suggest that Canadian and American residents may interpret the same information from employment interviews differently

Knowledge attitude and practice of haemovigilance among doctors in tertiary care hospital in Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Background: Haemovigilance program of India was launched on December 2012 and is a comprehensive, and a well-structured approach to collect, collate, and analyse data to address the issues of adverse reactions associated with blood transfusion. The information thus collected would facilitate corrective and preventive actions to be taken to minimize the potential risk associated blood collection processing and transfusion to patients. Considering the deep concern over the under-reporting of transfusion reactions prevailing among the doctors, the present study was done to know the knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) of haemovigilance among doctors.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional questionnaire based study, which included doctors of a tertiary care hospital. The purpose of the questionnaire was to know awareness of doctors regarding haemovigilance programme of India. With this study we also tried to   identify the factors responsible for underreporting of transfusion reactions and to find out the possible ways to improve reporting of transfusion reactions.Results: (38.88%) and (30%) of the responders were aware of the haemovigilance programme and transfusion reaction reporting centre respectively. Reporting of transfusion reaction was poor 22.22% among the respondents. According to respondents creating awareness about haemovigilance by conducting continuing medical education (CMEs), and   training to healthcare professionals would lead to improvement in reporting of transfusion reactions. Complacency and ignorance were the main factors which discouraged transfusion reaction reporting by doctors.Conclusions: Increasing awareness of haemovigilance among doctors and training on reporting transfusion reactions would likely improve spontaneous reporting and help to strengthen the blood transfusion system

Materiovigilance programme of India: a step towards patient safety

Medical devices which are indispensable part of healthcare delivery system may cause serious events for patients and contribute to healthcare costs. The robust materiovigilance programme will lead to improve the safety of patients and users by reducing the reoccurrence of the incidents. Furthermore, the existing incidents advocate continuous monitoring of medical devices in use, in order to protect the patients’ health. Post marketing surveillance of medical devices is done in many countries, but it is still not as developed and robust as that of medicines. Materiovigilance program of India was launched, at Indian pharmacopeia commission to monitor the adverse events associated with the use of medical devices, to generate safety data, create awareness among the different stakeholders, and recommend the best practices and interventions to improve the patient’s safety. This article reviews regulations and guidance documents regarding medical devices focused on post market vigilance framework in India along with measures for robust implementation of the existing programme

Knowledge attitude and practice of haemovigilance among doctors in tertiary care hospital in Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Background: Haemovigilance program of India was launched on December 2012 and is a comprehensive, and a well-structured approach to collect, collate, and analyse data to address the issues of adverse reactions associated with blood transfusion. The information thus collected would facilitate corrective and preventive actions to be taken to minimize the potential risk associated blood collection processing and transfusion to patients. Considering the deep concern over the under-reporting of transfusion reactions prevailing among the doctors, the present study was done to know the knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) of haemovigilance among doctors.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional questionnaire based study, which included doctors of a tertiary care hospital. The purpose of the questionnaire was to know awareness of doctors regarding haemovigilance programme of India. With this study we also tried to   identify the factors responsible for underreporting of transfusion reactions and to find out the possible ways to improve reporting of transfusion reactions.Results: (38.88%) and (30%) of the responders were aware of the haemovigilance programme and transfusion reaction reporting centre respectively. Reporting of transfusion reaction was poor 22.22% among the respondents. According to respondents creating awareness about haemovigilance by conducting continuing medical education (CMEs), and   training to healthcare professionals would lead to improvement in reporting of transfusion reactions. Complacency and ignorance were the main factors which discouraged transfusion reaction reporting by doctors.Conclusions: Increasing awareness of haemovigilance among doctors and training on reporting transfusion reactions would likely improve spontaneous reporting and help to strengthen the blood transfusion system

Green nanoemulsion interventions for biopesticide formulations

The development of sustainable and ecofriendly pest management strategies is a major challenge for modern parasitology and entomology. The current overuse of conventional synthetic pesticides is causing several hazards for both human and environmental safety. Nowadays, there is a growing interest to develop novel and effective botanical pesticides with reduced ecological side effects as compared to synthetic pesticides. It has been well known for at least two millennia that botanical substances such as herbal extracts and essential oils (EOs) possess insecticidal, acaricidal, and antimicrobial properties. EOs—a mixture of several small-sized, volatile, and lipophilic active ingredients—are particularly effective in pest and vector control. Their poor physiochemical properties impede their large-scale widespread use. Nanotechnology is one of the most helpful and innovative means to address this problem. In particular, the encapsulation of biopesticide EOs inside nanoemulsions ensures the stability and protection of components, the controlled and sustained release of active ingredients, and an increase of biological activity. The major challenges for the development of EO nanoemulsion-based pesticides are discussed here. The combination of “green” pesticides and nanotechnology represents one of the most suitable tools to develop eco-friendly control routes in the field of integrated pest/vector management

Description and Cross-Sectional Analyses of 25,880 Adults and Children in the UK National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases Cohort

Introduction: The National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases (RaDaR) collects data from people living with rare kidney diseases across the UK, and is the world’s largest, rare kidney disease registry. We present the clinical demographics and renal function of 25,880 prevalent patients and sought evidence of bias in recruitment to RaDaR. Methods: RaDaR is linked with the UK Renal Registry (UKRR, with which all UK patients receiving kidney replacement therapy [KRT] are registered). We assessed ethnicity and socioeconomic status in the following: (i) prevalent RaDaR patients receiving KRT compared with patients with eligible rare disease diagnoses receiving KRT in the UKRR, (ii) patients recruited to RaDaR compared with all eligible unrecruited patients at 2 renal centers, and (iii) the age-stratified ethnicity distribution of RaDaR patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) was compared to that of the English census. Results: We found evidence of disparities in ethnicity and social deprivation in recruitment to RaDaR; however, these were not consistent across comparisons. Compared with either adults recruited to RaDaR or the English population, children recruited to RaDaR were more likely to be of Asian ethnicity (17.3% vs. 7.5%, P-value < 0.0001) and live in more socially deprived areas (30.3% vs. 17.3% in the most deprived Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) quintile, P-value < 0.0001). Conclusion: We observed no evidence of systematic biases in recruitment of patients into RaDaR; however, the data provide empirical evidence of negative economic and social consequences (across all ethnicities) experienced by families with children affected by rare kidney diseases

Description and Cross-Sectional Analyses of 25,880 Adults and Children in the UK National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases Cohort

Introduction: The National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases (RaDaR) collects data from people living with rare kidney diseases across the UK, and is the world's largest, rare kidney disease registry. We present the clinical demographics and renal function of 25,880 prevalent patients and sought evidence of bias in recruitment to RaDaR. Methods: RaDaR is linked with the UK Renal Registry (UKRR, with which all UK patients receiving kidney replacement therapy [KRT] are registered). We assessed ethnicity and socioeconomic status in the following: (i) prevalent RaDaR patients receiving KRT compared with patients with eligible rare disease diagnoses receiving KRT in the UKRR, (ii) patients recruited to RaDaR compared with all eligible unrecruited patients at 2 renal centers, and (iii) the age-stratified ethnicity distribution of RaDaR patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) was compared to that of the English census. Results: We found evidence of disparities in ethnicity and social deprivation in recruitment to RaDaR; however, these were not consistent across comparisons. Compared with either adults recruited to RaDaR or the English population, children recruited to RaDaR were more likely to be of Asian ethnicity (17.3% vs. 7.5%, P-value < 0.0001) and live in more socially deprived areas (30.3% vs. 17.3% in the most deprived Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) quintile, P-value < 0.0001). Conclusion: We observed no evidence of systematic biases in recruitment of patients into RaDaR; however, the data provide empirical evidence of negative economic and social consequences (across all ethnicities) experienced by families with children affected by rare kidney diseases