TRACKING ENDPOINT CONNECTIVITY STATUS

In the Internet of Things (IOT) subsystem, some endpoints that have connections using protocols such as Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) involve a keep-alive feature that allows an MQTT to maintain its connection with a broker by sending regular control packets to the broker. However, the connection with the broker creates a level of dependency/overhead for maintaining the connection. This dependency can be eliminated by using existing protocols for keep-alive mechanisms. These protocols can identify the endpoints connection status based on a Keep-Alive Feasibility (KAF) score, which depends on various parameter criteria. Accordingly, a KAF analyzer tool is proposed herein that identifies if a keep-alive session exists for an endpoint. In the absence of any keep-alive sessions for the endpoint or in the case of multiple protocols with keep alive sessions, the best protocol can be selected using a KAF score

Potential of AA7075 as a Tribological Material for Industrial Applications -A Review

Lightweight materials in general and alumunium alloys in particular are increasingly becoming important engineering materials in order to improve the sustainability aspects of engineering products. Amongst the alumunium alloys, AA7075, due to its strength to weight ratio along with other technical benefits has become a prominent material. The literature suggests that AA7075 is structurally good, however its poor tribological properties can be enhanced by introducing different reinforcements. Further, the mechanical and tribological behaviour of AA7075 relies on variety of factors such as fabrication route, quality and quantity of reinforcement, etc. In this work we summarize the work carried out in studying the various mechanical and tribological properties of AA7075. The paper will focus on the ceramic and solid lubricant reinforced AA7075 hybrid composites. A section also summarizes the applications of the alumunium alloys and composites in various engineering applications

Low-Latitude Auroras: Insights from 23 April 2023 Solar Storm

In April 2023, low-latitude aurora observation by the all-sky camera at Hanle, Ladakh, India ($33^{\circ} {} N$ geographic latitude (GGLat)) was reported, which stimulated a lot of discussion among scientists as well as masses across the globe. The reported observation was intriguing as the solar storm that triggered this aurora was moderate and the first such observation from Indian region in the space-era. In this communication, we investigate such a unique modern-day observation of low-latitude auroral sighting occurring during the passage of sheath-region of Interplanetary-Coronal-Mass-Ejection, utilizing in situ multi-spacecraft particle measurements along with geomagnetic-field observations by ground and satellite-based magnetometers. Auroral observations at Hanle coincided with the intense substorm occurrences. It is unequivocally found that the aurora didnt reach India, rather the equatorward boundary of the aurora was beyond $50^{\circ} {}N$ GGLat. The multi-instrumental observations enabled us to estimate the altitude of the red auroral emissions accurately. The increased flux of low-energy electrons ($<$100 eV) precipitating at $\sim 54^{\circ}N$ GGLat causing red-light emissions at higher altitudes ($\sim$700-950 km) can be visible from Hanle. The observed low-latitude red aurora from India resulted from two factors: emissions at higher altitudes in the auroral oval and a slight expansion of the auroral oval towards the equator. The precipitating low-energy particles responsible for red auroral emissions mostly originate from the plasma sheet. These particles precipitate due to wave-particle interactions enhanced by strong compression of the magnetosphere during high solar wind pressure. This study using multi-point observations holds immense importance in providing a better understanding of low-latitude auroras.Comment: 18 pages, 10 Figures, 1 Table, 2 supplementary figure

Development of a NIOSH based software tool for musculoskeletal disorders

860-865Musculoskeletal disorders amongst workers performing manual lifting tasks have become a major challenge now a days. Such problems hamper productivity of any concern to a greater extent. Industrial experts and researchers have been devising ways and means to reduce such disorders and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) agency lifting equation is one amongst such tools. NIOSH lifting equation has significantly enhanced the safety of the workers involved in manual lifting tasks. With this equation, a prior indication of musculoskeletal disorders can be obtained from the workers anthropometric details. However, till date there is no such tool available with which we can have recommendations to eliminate/reduce such disorders. In this paper an expert system on the basis of NIOSH equation has been developed to deal with the musculoskeletal problems amongst the workers involved in manual lifting tasks. The expert system is basically a computer programme developed to facilitate the use of NIOSH lifting equation. On the basis of lifting parameters, this equation computes recommended weight limit (RWL) and lifting index (LI). These outputs have been further analyzed by the programe to check existing working conditions against occupational hazards, and suggest recommendations for the safe working conditions

Development of a NIOSH based software tool for musculoskeletal disorders

Musculoskeletal disorders amongst workers performing manual lifting tasks have become a major challenge now a days. Such problems hamper productivity of any concern to a greater extent. Industrial experts and researchers have been devising ways and means to reduce such disorders and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) agency lifting equation is one amongst such tools. NIOSH lifting equation has significantly enhanced the safety of the workers involved in manual lifting tasks. With this equation, a prior indication of musculoskeletal disorders can be obtained from the workers anthropometric details. However, till date there is no such tool available with which we can have recommendations to eliminate/reduce such disorders. In this paper an expert system on the basis of NIOSH equation has been developed to deal with the musculoskeletal problems amongst the workers involved in manual lifting tasks. The expert system is basically a computer programme developed to facilitate the use of NIOSH lifting equation. On the basis of lifting parameters, this equation computes recommended weight limit (RWL) and lifting index (LI). These outputs have been further analyzed by the programe to check existing working conditions against occupational hazards, and suggest recommendations for the safe working conditions

Potential of AA7075 as a Tribological Material for Industrial Applications -A Review

197-201Lightweight materials in general and alumunium alloys in particular are increasingly becoming important engineering materials in order to improve the sustainability aspects of engineering products. Amongst the alumunium alloys, AA7075, due to its strength to weight ratio along with other technical benefits has become a prominent material. The literature suggests that AA7075 is structurally good, however its poor tribological properties can be enhanced by introducing different reinforcements. Further, the mechanical and tribological behaviour of AA7075 relies on variety of factors such as fabrication route, quality and quantity of reinforcement, etc.  In this work we summarize the work carried out in studying the various mechanical and tribological properties of AA7075. The paper will focus on the ceramic and solid lubricant reinforced AA7075 hybrid composites. A section also summarizes the applications of the alumunium alloys and composites in various engineering applications

FABRIC AS STORAGE TO AVOID DOWNLOAD FAILURE ON MULTIPLE DEVICES AT BRANCH/DATA CENTERS

Presented herein are techniques to transmit virtual machine (VM) images from a controller to a switch fabric, based on capacity, and to distribute the VM images to a virtual network infrastructure, as needed

Evaluation of mechanical properties of ramie/banana reinforced hybrid composites / Sukesh Gupta ... [et al.]

In the present article, hybrid polymer composites with ramie and banana fibres have been prepared using hand layup technique. Effect of banana fibre on mechanical properties of ramie/polyester composites has been investigated in the present study. Total five types of hybrid composites were developed based on 0 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 % and 4 % weight fractions of banana fibres in ramie/polyester composites. A fixed percentage of 20 % by weight was used for ramie fibre in all the developed composites. Ramie fibre was used in bidirectional mat form, while banana fibre in the form of short fibre (10 mm length). Mechanical properties of fabricated composites such as tensile, flexural and impact strength have been evaluated. The results have revealed that hybridization of banana fibre had significant influence on the mechanical properties of ramie/polyester composites. It was observed that hybrid composites with 1 % banana fibre reinforcement exhibited the highest mechanical properties among the developed composites. Increments of 57.9 %, 18.3 % and 9.38 % in tensile, bending and impact strength respectively were observed for hybrid composites with 1 % banana fibre reinforcement in comparison to ramie/polyester composites. The morphological study to examine fractured surface has been carried out by scanning electron microscopy, to evaluate the failure mechanism of composites

Investigation on the status of Johne's disease based on agar gel immunodiffusion, ziehl-neelsen staining and nested PCR approach in two cattle farm

Background and Methods: Paratuberculosis is a chronic disease of ruminant, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), clinically infected animals produce high level of antibodies in blood and shed detectable amount of Map organisms in feces. Several serological and molecular tests are utilized for detection of antibodies or DNA of the organism in clinical samples. Present study indicates the status of paratuberculosis in two distinct cattle farms with different organizational set-ups viz. organized and unorganized. We used agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay for the detection of antibodies in blood. Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining of fecal smears was done to observe acid-fast bacilli and Nested PCR targeted to IS900 and f57 sequences, was performed to confirm the pathogen.Results: Sera samples of cattle, from organized farm, did not show any visible precipitating band with AGID assay. However, fecal smears of few cattle (3.57%) were positive for acid-fast bacilli. When confirmed with nested PCR, only one fecal sample (0.71%) was found positive for Map. In case of unorganized farm, a large number of cattle (38.75%) showed precipitating antibodies with AGID assay and the percentage of fecal smears that showed acid-fast bacilli was 26.62%. Nevertheless, fecal samples containing Map DNA was confirmed in 14.37% of fecal sample by nested PCR.Conclusions: An organized farm, with better hygiene and management practices, showed lesser occurrence of paratuberculosis in cattle in comparison to unorganized farm. Not all AGID assays positive cattle might be an efficient shedder of Map and mare detection of acid-fast bacilli in fecal smears did not always indicate the presence of Map organism. Cattle infected with JD were mostly in the age group of six years and above

Isolation and characterization of a novel mycobacteriophage Kashi-VT1 infecting Mycobacterium species

Mycobacteriophages are viruses that infect members of genus Mycobacterium. Because of the rise in antibiotic resistance in mycobacterial diseases such as tuberculosis, mycobacteriophages have received renewed attention as alternative therapeutic agents. Mycobacteriophages are highly diverse, and, on the basis of their genome sequences, they are grouped into 30 clusters and 10 singletons. In this article, we have described the isolation and characterization of a novel mycobacteriophage Kashi-VT1 (KVT1) infecting Mycobacterium &gt;smegmatis mc2 155 (M. smegmatis) and Mycobacterium fortuitum isolated from Varanasi, India. KVT1 is a cluster K1 temperate phage that belongs to Siphoviridae family as visualized in transmission electron microscopy. The phage genome is 61,010 base pairs with 66.5% Guanine/Cytosine (GC) content, encoding 101 putative open reading frames. The KVT1 genome encodes an immunity repressor, a tyrosine integrase, and an excise protein, which are the characteristics of temperate phages. It also contains genes encoding holin, lysin A, and lysin B involved in host cell lysis. The one-step growth curve demonstrated that KVT1 has a latency time of 90 min and an average burst size of 101 phage particles per infected cell. It can withstand a temperature of up to 45°C and has a maximum viability between pH 8 and 9. Some mycobacteriophages from cluster K are known to infect the pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis); hence, KVT1 holds potential for the phage therapy against tuberculosis, and it can also be engineered to convert into an exclusively lytic phage