Effect of Metformin on Viability, Morphology, and Ultrastructure of Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Balb/3T3 Embryonic Fibroblast Cell Line

Metformin, a popular drug used to treat diabetes, has recently gained attention as a potentially useful therapeutic agent for treating cancer. In our research metformin was added toin vitrocultures of bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) and Balb/3T3 fibroblast at concentration of 1 mM, 5 mM, and 10 mM. Obtained results indicated that metformin negatively affected proliferation activity of investigated cells. The drug triggered the formation of autophagosomes and apoptotic bodies in all tested cultures. Additionally, we focused on determination of expression of genes involved in insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) signaling pathway. The most striking finding was that the mRNA level of IGF2 was constant in both BMSCs and Balb/3T3. Further, the analysis of IGF2 concentration in cell supernatants showed that it decreased in BMSC cultures after 5 and 10 mM metformin treatments. In case of Balb/3T3 the concentration of IGF2 in culture supernatants decreased after 1 and 5 mM and increased after 10 mM of metformin. Our results suggest that metformin influences the cytophysiology of somatic cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner causing inhibition of proliferation and abnormalities of their morphology and ultrastructure.</jats:p

Anmälningspliktens skuggsida : en essä om att hantera orosanmälningar på förskolan i praktiken

I min uppsatts kommer jag att utgå från en berättelse som beskriver ett fall av orosanmälan som jag upplevde i mitt arbete på förskolan. Anmälan grundades på barnets berättelse och resulterade i ett samtal på ett kriscentrum i närvaro av polis, psykolog och åklagare, utan föräldrars vetskap. Jag valde essäform för min uppsats därför att den skrivformen bjuder på ett reflekterande tillvägagångssätt och lämpar sig för mitt känsliga ämne. Genom att gestalta anmälningspliktens skuggsidor vill jag försöka bringa förståelse för den väldigt känslosamma företeelsen. Jag kommer att belysa vad anmälningsplikten går ut på samt undersöka vilka är mina skyldigheter som pedagog vid anmälningar. Jag kommer att reflektera kring barnets utsatta position, föräldrars samt de anmälande pedagogernas svåra läge. Min uppsats genomsyras av tanken att anmälningsplikten kan te sig som en hård lag men ändå en lag som skall följas utan förbehåll. Pedagogens eget omdöme bör inte förekomma vid orosanmälan. Anmälan görs för barnets skull och inte mot familjen.My essay starts by describing a case of a "declaration of concern" regarding a child that I experienced in my work at a preschool. The duty to make a notification was based on the child's story and led to a meeting at a crisis center. The meeting involved the presence of police, psychologists and prosecutors, without parental knowledge. I chose the essay form for this subject because this writing form offers a reflective approach which is suitable for such a sensitive topic. By describing the negative aspects associated with this duty of notification I want to try to bring some understanding of the very emotional issues associated with a notification. I will highlight what the notification requirement is about and examine what - my obligations are as a teacher in making a declaration of concern leading to a notification to the relevant local authorities and government agencies. I will reflect on the child's vulnerable position as well as the difficult position of parents and notifying teachers. The pervading idea in the essay is that the obligation to report your concern may seem like a hard law but a law that has to be followed without reservation. The teacher´s own opinion or judgment is irrelevant in a declaration of concern and subsequent notification. Registration of the concern is done for the child's sake and not the sake of the family

Anmälningspliktens skuggsida : en essä om att hantera orosanmälningar på förskolan i praktiken

I min uppsatts kommer jag att utgå från en berättelse som beskriver ett fall av orosanmälan som jag upplevde i mitt arbete på förskolan. Anmälan grundades på barnets berättelse och resulterade i ett samtal på ett kriscentrum i närvaro av polis, psykolog och åklagare, utan föräldrars vetskap. Jag valde essäform för min uppsats därför att den skrivformen bjuder på ett reflekterande tillvägagångssätt och lämpar sig för mitt känsliga ämne. Genom att gestalta anmälningspliktens skuggsidor vill jag försöka bringa förståelse för den väldigt känslosamma företeelsen. Jag kommer att belysa vad anmälningsplikten går ut på samt undersöka vilka är mina skyldigheter som pedagog vid anmälningar. Jag kommer att reflektera kring barnets utsatta position, föräldrars samt de anmälande pedagogernas svåra läge. Min uppsats genomsyras av tanken att anmälningsplikten kan te sig som en hård lag men ändå en lag som skall följas utan förbehåll. Pedagogens eget omdöme bör inte förekomma vid orosanmälan. Anmälan görs för barnets skull och inte mot familjen.My essay starts by describing a case of a "declaration of concern" regarding a child that I experienced in my work at a preschool. The duty to make a notification was based on the child's story and led to a meeting at a crisis center. The meeting involved the presence of police, psychologists and prosecutors, without parental knowledge. I chose the essay form for this subject because this writing form offers a reflective approach which is suitable for such a sensitive topic. By describing the negative aspects associated with this duty of notification I want to try to bring some understanding of the very emotional issues associated with a notification. I will highlight what the notification requirement is about and examine what - my obligations are as a teacher in making a declaration of concern leading to a notification to the relevant local authorities and government agencies. I will reflect on the child's vulnerable position as well as the difficult position of parents and notifying teachers. The pervading idea in the essay is that the obligation to report your concern may seem like a hard law but a law that has to be followed without reservation. The teacher´s own opinion or judgment is irrelevant in a declaration of concern and subsequent notification. Registration of the concern is done for the child's sake and not the sake of the family

The work-family interface : Job demands, work engagement and turnover intentions of Polish nurses

A conflict between one's professional life and one's family life may lead to lower well-being both at work and home. Most nurses are women who have traditionally reconciled their professional life with family life. One aim of this study was to examine the relationships between the work-family conflict (WFC),the family-work conflict (FWC), and the perception of job demands (quantitative workload and interpersonal conflicts at work). We intended also to examine the components of work engagement (vigour, dedication, and absorption) and turnover intentions. Another aim was to determine whether the variables that we examined are important for turnover intentions. This study comprised Polish registered nurses. The following instruments were used:Work-Family Conflict and Family-Work Conflict Scales (Netemeyer, Boles, &amp;McMurrian, 1996), the Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale and Quantitative Workload Index (Spector &amp; Jex, 1998), the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale(Schaufeli, Bakker, &amp; Salanova, 2006), and measures of turnover intentions (intention to leave the present workplace and intention to leave the nursing profession). The score on the scale to measure WFC was positively related to perceived workload and to both turnover intentions, while negatively related to vigour. The WFC was experienced significantly more intensively than FWC. The perception of differences in mean scale scores of job demands had a moderate effect on the FWC and WFC, while differences in mean scale scores of vigour had a strong effect on the WFC. WFC, quantitative workload and a low level of dedication were significant predictors of the intention to leave the present workplace, while the level of job demands was a significant predictor of theintention to leave the nursing profession. The results are interpreted and discussed using Hobfoll's Conservation of Resources theory

Pozytywny afekt a relacja między śmiałością, impulsywnością i własną skutecznością [Positive affectivity and the relationship between venturesomeness, impulsiveness and self-efficacy]

Background: Recent research has demonstrated a relationship between personality, affectivity and performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of basic and general positive affectivity on personality traits (venturesomeness and impulsiveness) and self-efficacy. Methods: The correlational design was used. 175 students filled in the Impulsiveness – Venturesomeness - Empathy Inventory (Eysenck et al., 1985), PANAS (Watson, Clark, 1994 - basic and general positive affectivity) and General Self-Efficacy (GESE by Schwarzer et al., 2008). Findings: Impulsiveness did not matter to the strength of self-efficacy, and was independent of positive affectivity. The results obtained indicated a significant mediating effect of basic positive affectivity, self-assurance and joviality, on the link between venturesomeness and general self-efficacy, and a direct impact of general positive affectivity on self-efficacy.Wprowadzenie: Ostatnie badania wykazały związek pomiędzy cechami osobowości, afektem i efektywnością działania. Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena pośredniczącej roli pozytywnego afektu pomiędzy impulsywnością i śmiałością a poczuciem własnej skuteczności. Metoda: Zastosowano podejście korelacyjne. 175 studentów wypełniło IVE Inventory (Eysenck i in., 1985 - impulsywność, śmiałość), PANAS-X (Watson, Clark, 1994 - ogólny i podstawowy pozytywny afekt) i Uogólnione Poczucie Własnej Skuteczności (GESE Schwartzer i in., 2008). Wyniki: Impulsywność nie miała znaczenia dla siły poczucia własnej skuteczności i była niezależna od pozytywnego afektu. Otrzymane wyniki wykazały istotny efekt mediacji emocji radości i pewności siebie pomiędzy śmiałością i własną skutecznością oraz bezpośredni wpływ pozytywnego nastroju na poczucie własnej skuteczności.</p

Evolutionary benefits of personality traits when facing workplace bullying

Facing workplace bullying negatively affects physical and mental health, and consequently quality of life and well-being. Personality traits that can help an individual survive and reproduce entail more benefits than costs. Building on  two evolutionary theories, Life History Theory and Costly Signaling Theory, this study aims to provide novel insights into how and why personality traits are associated with facing workplace bullying and health-related quality of life. A heterogeneous group of 324 employees in Sweden provided data on workplace bullying, perceived health-related quality of life, and personality traits, controlling for sex and age. We found that openness (HEXACO model) and Machiavellianism (Dark Triad model) served as moderators. Employees with high values of  these traits experienced significantly less affected health-related quality of  life  when facing workplace bullying. Our results indicate evolutionary origins of the personality traits openness and Machia-vellianism. A new finding is that possessing, exhibiting, and maintaining traits reflecting a more creative and competitive interpersonal style increases an employee’s ability to survive aversive environments.  </p