Transition from the self-organized to the driven dynamical clusters

We study the mechanism of formation of synchronized clusters in coupled maps on networks with various connection architectures. The nodes in a cluster are self- synchronized or driven-synchronized, based on the coupling strength and underlying network structures. A smaller coupling strength region shows driven clusters independent of the network rewiring strategies, whereas a larger coupling strength region shows the transition from the self-organized cluster to the driven cluster as network connections are rewired to the bi-partite type. Lyapunov function analysis is performed to understand the dynamical origin of cluster formation. The results provide insights into the relationship between the topological clusters which are based on the direct connections between the nodes, and the dynamical clusters which are based on the functional behavior of these nodes.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figure

Heterogeneous delays making parents synchronized: A coupled maps on Cayley tree model

We study the phase synchronized clusters in the diffusively coupled maps on the Cayley tree networks for heterogeneous delay values. Cayley tree networks comprise of two parts: the inner nodes and the boundary nodes. We find that heterogeneous delays lead to various cluster states, such as; (a) cluster state consisting of inner nodes and boundary nodes, and (b) cluster state consisting of only boundary nodes. The former state may comprise of nodes from all the generations forming self-organized cluster or nodes from few generations yielding driven clusters depending upon on the parity of heterogeneous delay values. Furthermore, heterogeneity in delays leads to the lag synchronization between the siblings lying on the boundary by destroying the exact synchronization among them. The time lag being equal to the difference in the delay values. The Lyapunov function analysis sheds light on the destruction of the exact synchrony among the last generation nodes. To the end we discuss the relevance of our results with respect to their applications in the family business as well as in understanding the occurrence of genetic diseases.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure

IDEAS project - Data Informed Platform for Health feasibility study in Uttar Pradesh

The IDEAS project sought to improve the health and survival of mothers and babies through generating evidence to inform policy and practice. This data collection contains topic guides and other research tools used to assess the feasibility of introducing a Data Informed Platform for Health (DIPH), in order to bring together key data from the public and private health sector on inputs and processes that may influence maternal and newborn health. The DIPH was intended to promote the use of local data for decision-making and priority setting at local health administration level, and for programme appraisal and comparison at regional and zonal level

Role of delay in the mechanism of cluster formation

We study the role of delay in phase synchronization and phenomena responsible for cluster formation in delayed coupled maps on various networks. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the presence of delay may change the mechanism of unit to unit interaction. At weak coupling values, same parity delays are associated with the same phenomenon of cluster formation and exhibit similar dynamical evolution. Intermediate coupling values yield rich delay-induced driven cluster patterns. A Lyapunov function analysis sheds light on the robustness of the driven clusters observed for delayed bipartite networks. Our results reveal that delay may lead to a completely different relation, between dynamical and structural clusters, than observed for the undelayed case.Comment: 4+ pages, 4 figues, PRE Rapid Communication (in press

Implications of traditional commercial practices on the current environmental status of River Yamuna in the Delhi-Mathura-Agra region, India

The River Yamuna is regarded as a holy river in Indian mythology. It originates in the Himalayas and several important cities, pilgrimage centres and temple towns are located along its banks. It is a source of water supply to these cities and also receives their wastewaters from domestic and industrial activities. This study aims to assess the environmental and human health implications of traditional commercial practices such as electroplating and jewellery making in the cottage industries along the banks of River Yamuna in the Delhi-Mathura-Agra region. Human exposure to contaminants from overbank soil and also through the food chain from crops grown on floodplains are considered through analyses of overbank and floodplain soils with special reference to toxic trace metals such as silver, cadmium, copper, and zinc. The findings of study show that the overbank and floodplain soils at the temple town of Mathura are highly contaminated with silver and cadmium, and are above normal background concentrations for copper and zinc. This leads to suggest that the traditional and cultural activities of jewellery-making and electroplating works at Mathura are contributing a high metal load to its overbank and floodplain soils and are a cause for concern for human health

Implications of traditional commercial practices on the current environmental status of River Yamuna in the Delhi-Mathura-Agra region, India

The River Yamuna is regarded as a holy river in Indian mythology. It originates in the Himalayas and several important cities, pilgrimage centres and temple towns are located along its banks. It is a source of water supply to these cities and also receives their wastewaters from domestic and industrial activities. This study aims to assess the environmental and human health implications of traditional commercial practices such as electroplating and jewellery making in the cottage industries along the banks of River Yamuna in the Delhi-Mathura-Agra region. Human exposure to contaminants from overbank soil and also through the food chain from crops grown on floodplains are considered through analyses of overbank and floodplain soils with special reference to toxic trace metals such as silver, cadmium, copper, and zinc. The findings of study show that the overbank and floodplain soils at the temple town of Mathura are highly contaminated with silver and cadmium, and are above normal background concentrations for copper and zinc. This leads to suggest that the traditional and cultural activities of jewellery-making and electroplating works at Mathura are contributing a high metal load to its overbank and floodplain soils and are a cause for concern for human health

Synchronization in Delayed Multiplex Networks

We study impact of multiplexing on the global phase synchronizability of different layers in the delayed coupled multiplex networks. We find that at strong couplings, the multiplexing induces the global synchronization in sparse networks. The introduction of global synchrony depends on the connection density of the layers being multiplexed, which further depends on the underlying network architecture. Moreover, multiplexing may lead to a transition from a quasi-periodic or chaotic evolution to a periodic evolution. For the periodic case, the multiplexing may lead to a change in the period of the dynamical evolution. Additionally, delay in the couplings may bring upon synchrony to those multiplex networks which do not exhibit synchronization for the undelayed evolution. Using a simple example of two globally connected layers forming a multiplex network, we show how delay brings upon a possibility for the inter layer global synchrony, that is not possible for the undelayed evolution.Comment: 6 pages, 9 figure

Study on the performance of newton – raphson load flow in distribution systems

The reliability of the Newton-Raphson (NR) approach of Load Flow Solution is comparatively better than the other load flow techniques, as unlike other methods it can solve cases that lead to divergence, but the NR method too has some limitations. It has been observed that this method fails under some ill-conditioned situations. The distribution systems usually fall into the category of ill-conditioned power systems. Experience of such failures while applying the NR method in distribution systems encourages investigation of various ways of improving the reliability of the NR approach. Hence, the objective of this project is to study the application of NR method in load flow studies and determine the various difficulties faced while using the method for physically feasible problems, particularly in distribution systems