BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING IN NORMOTENSIVE TYPE – 2 DIABETICS USING 24HR BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING DEVICE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS: A ONE YEAR HOSPITAL BASED CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Background And Objectives: Systemic Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common co-morbidities in Diabetes Mellitus (DM). It has been suggested that ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) be used for hypertension assessment. Hence the present study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure machine and also to assess the relationship between blood pressure patterns and anthropometric measurements. Materials And Methods: A 1-year cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted on 162 people, over the age of 18, who had type 2 diabetes and a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25 to 40 kg/m2). All subjects underwent a standardized medical examination including anthropometric measurements, laboratory investigations and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Descriptive analysis was carried out by mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables, frequency, and proportion for categorical variables. P value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically signicant. Results: The mean all day SBP was 133.66 ± 13.53 mm/hg while the mean all day DBP was 76.45 ± 10.99 mm/hg. The prevalence of HTN as measured by all day SBP was 77.78% while it was 42.59% for all day DBP. Systolic non-dipping was seen in 93.39% of overweight and 90.24% of obese subjects as classied by BMI, respectively. Diastolic non-dipping was seen in 76.86% of overweight and 73.17% of obese subjects. There was a statistically signicant association between all-day SBP/DBP, day SBP/DBP with BMI in males and in females, there was a statistically signicant association between all day SBP and day SBP with BMI. Conclusion: Patients with T2DM can benet from routineABPM by early identication and management of Hypertension in Type 2 DM</jats:p

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for COVID-19-related adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: The association between risk factors and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 disease (COVID-19) related mortality among people with diabetes mellitus (DM) is uncertain. Methods: Consecutive patients with COVID-19 with type 2 DM admitted to our tertiary care centre from July 2020 to January 2021 were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including clinical, laboratory, respiratory, inflammatory biomarkers and radiological parameters were collected and compared between non-survivors and survivors. Cox-proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to analyse the risk factors associated with the mortality in COVID-19 patients with diabetes. Results: Two hundred and sixty three patients with COVID-19 were included. Of these, 173 (65.8%) had survived. Demographic, laboratory, inflammatory and pulmonary parameters were significantly different between the survivors and non-survivors (P < 0.05 for all). Time to hospitalisation from symptom onset (days) was longer in non-survivors compared to survivors (7 Vs 4 days; P = 0.0001). Computed tomography severity scores were higher in non-survivors than survivors (P = 0.0001). The hospital stay was prolonged in non-survivors (P < 0.0001). Adjusted cox-proportional hazard model showed increased neutrophil count and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were independent factors associated with COVID-19-related mortality in diabetic patients. Conclusions: We found that the non survivors as compared to the survivors showed multiple negative outcomes in terms of laboratory, inflammatory and pulmonary findings. ICU admission and elevated neutrophil count were independently associated with death in COVID-19 patients with DM