Exploring the Relationship between Smartphone Addiction, Quality of Life, and Personality Traits in University Students

Objective: This study aimed to explore the dynamics of the relationship among smartphone addiction, quality of life, and personality characteristics in university students. Method: This correlational and descriptive research was conducted to investigate the relationship between smartphone addiction, quality of life, and personality traits among university students. Using a nonprobability random sampling method, 496 university students were selected. Data collection involved the Student Information Form, Smartphone Addiction Scale, Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R), Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Abridged Form (EPQR-A), and the WHO Quality of Life Scale-Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF). Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS 25.0, utilizing Chi-square tests, independent sample t-tests, and Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: Out of 496 students (average age of 20.52), 59.87% were identified as smartphone addicts based on the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version. A notable difference was found by study year (P = 0.009) and socioeconomic status (P = 0.003). Participants with smartphone addiction registered higher SCL-90-r scores for conditions like Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Interpersonal Sensitivity, and Psychoticism. The Eysenck Personality Inventory highlighted that the Psychoticism score was significantly higher in the group with smartphone addiction (P = 0.001). A negative correlation between smartphone addiction scores and general health (WHOQoL) was identified, whereas a positive correlation with SCL-90-R's Psychoticism dimension score was observed (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Smartphone addiction is widespread among university student population. The study indicates that smartphone addiction not only impacts the individual's quality of life but also is associated with personality disorders, and these problems intensify with the severity of addiction. The findings underscore the need for interventions and educational programs to address smartphone addiction in this population

Personality Organization in Anxiety Disorders: Comparison of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder

The objective of this study was to explore the level of personality organization in patients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD). The study comprised 86 patients undergoing treatment for GAD (n=46) and PD (n=40). Various tools were utilized for data collection including a Sociodemographic Data Collection Form, Personality Organization Diagnostic Form (PODF), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). A significant difference was observed between the GAD and PD groups regarding the PODF scores for mature defense, anxiety, and depression. However, no significant difference was observed in relation to the PODF identity total score and primitive defense scores. Furthermore, the quality of object relations and the overall level of personality organization according to the PODF did not display any significant differences between the groups. According to the BDI, comorbid depressive symptoms were detected in 67.4% (n=58) of the participants with GAD and PD. There was no significant difference in the PODF scores, quality of object relations, and the overall level of personality organization between the group with comorbid depressive symptoms and the group without it.These findings suggest that while the primary focus of therapeutic interventions should be on targeting the specific type of anxiety disorder, assessing the level of personality organization in patients with GAD and PD could add valuable insights to individual case understanding, selection of psychotherapy approaches, and the treatment process.

The Effect of Leucocytosis, Gender Difference, and Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Acute Cholecystitis in the Elderly Population

Introduction: Acute cholecystitis is one of the most common reasons of acute abdominal pain for older patients to present to the emergency department (ED). Presentation may differ from that of the younger patient and is often complicated by coexistent disease due to elderliness. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical presentation of acute cholecystitis, with special focus on comparision between elderly and young patients. Materials and methods: This study included 318 patients who were admitted to the emergency department with right upper quadrant pain during a period of determined 8 months. After retrospective data collection, patients were groupped in accordance with their age, <65 and ≥65 years. Those who had ultrasonographic signs such as wall thickening and fluid collection were diagnosed as acute cholecystitis. Results: The young group (Group I) consisted of 225 patients, 132 females and 93 males. In Group I, 39 patients were diagnosed as acute cholecystitis of whom 27 were females and 15 were males. The elderly group (Group II) consisted of 93 patients 48 females and 45 males. In Group II, 36 patients were diagnosed as acute cholecystitis of whom 15 were females and 21 were males. Regarding the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, the female to male ratio is 2.25 in Group I and 0.71 in Group II (p=0.016). The average white blood cells counts of patients with acute cholecystitis in Group I and in Group II were 9907x109/L(±4.437) and 17083x109/L(±7485), respectively (p<0,001). Conclusions: Acute cholecystitis is a common diagnosis in elderly patients with right upper quadrant pain. It is more frequent in female in the early ages, but the gender difference tends to change with age. Elderly patients demonstrate a higher level of white blood cells when compared to young patients in acute cholecystitis. Clinicians must maintain a degree of awareness in the evaluation of geriatric patients with right upper quadrant abdominal pain.Pubme

KANITA DAYALI TİP

Trdizi

Deneysel ileusda indometasin kullanımının intestinal permeabilite ve bakteriyel translokasyon üzerine etkileri The effects ofindomethacine on intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation in in

Trdizi

Effects of enteral glutamine on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Effects of Enteral Glutamine on Intestinal Ischemia-Reporfusion Injury in Rats Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (l/R) injury may result in bacterial translocation in a variety of clinical conditions in surgery. This study was undertaken to assess whether oral glutamine (Gin) administration before the intestinal l/R prevents intestinal permeability in rats. The study was performed as two series having 40 female Wistar rats (200-300g) in each. Each series of animals divided into 4 groups. 1st group was untreated (received normal diet). Animals in the 2 group were only pretreated with oral glutamine (1g/kg/d for 4 days). 3rd group of rats received normal diet and underwent intestinal l/R, while the 4th group of rats was pretreated with oral glutamine in the same way and underwent intestinal l/R. An intestinal l/R model was studied by 60 minutes of superior mesenteric arterial occlusion followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. Intestinal mucosal permeability to 51Cr EDTA was measured by collecting urine samples for a six hours period in the first series of animals. In the second series histopathological changes and plasma endotoxin levels were evaluated. Ischemia and reperfusion produced significant increases in intestinal permeability (% 2.4 ± 0.36 vs % 8.6 ± 0.61, p< 0.001), plazma endotoxin levels (0.76 ± 0.04 EU/ml vs 1.61 ± 0.19 EU/ml, p< 0.001) and worsened histopathological changes (0 vs. 3, p< 0,001) over baseline values in the untreated rats. After intestinal l/R, intestinal permeability was significantly lower in glutamine treated rats compared to those received normal diet ( % 8.6 ± 0.61 vs % 5.3 ± 0.45, p<0001) but these changes were nonsignificant in plasma endotoxin levels (1.61 ± 0.19 EU/ml vs 1.45 + 0.13 EU/ml, p= 0.48) and histopathological findings (3 vs. 2, p= 0,389). Only glutamine treatment itself did not change the intestinal permeability (% 2.4 ± 0.36 vs % 1.6 ± 2.8, p= n.s), plasma endotoxin levels ( 0.76 ± 0.04 EU/ml vs. 0.80 + 0.05 EU/ml, p= 0.59), and histopathological changes (0 vs 0, p= 0,682) significantly compared to baseline values. Although pretreatment of oral glutamine seems to be protective for intestinal mucosal integrity against l/R injury, the same effect could not be observed on histopathological changes and plasma endotoxin level alterations. Key Words: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion, glutamine, intestinal permeability, endotoxinSıçanlarda Enteral Glutamin Uygulamasının intestinal İskemi- Reperfüzyon Hasan Üzerine Etkileri intestinal iskemi-reperfüzyon (İ/R) hasarı, multisistem organ yetmezliklerinin de önemli nedenlerinden olan bakteriyel translokasyon ile sonuçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada intestinal l/R hasarında enteral glutamin (Gln) uygulamasının koruyucu etkinliği araştırılmak istenmiştir. Deneyde dişi Wistar sıçanlar kullanıldı. Çalışmalar her biri 40 hayvan içeren iki seri halinde gerçekleştirildi. Her iki seride de I. grup (n=10) "kontrol" grubunu oluştururken, II. "Gln" grubunda (n=10) sıçanlar deney öncesinde 4 gün boyunca orogastrik lavaj ile bölünmüş iki doz halinde enteral glutamin ile (1g/kg/gün) beslendiler. III. "İ/R" grubunda hayvanların (n=10) superior mezenterik arter ve dalları 60 dakikalık süre ile klemplenerek intestinal iskemi ve ardından yine 60 dakikalık süre ile reperfüzyon oluşturuldu. IV. "Gln + l/R" grubunda ise (n=10) III. gruptaki biçimde İ/R oluşturuldu ve deney öncesinde II. gruptaki île aynı süre ve dozda enteral glutamin uygulaması yapıldı, ilk seride Intestinal mukozal permeabilitenin değerlendirilmesi için sıçanlara enteral yolla verilen 51Cr EDTA nın 6 saat süresince üriner atılımı ölçüldü. İkinci seride ise deney protokolü aynı şekilde gerçekleştirildikten sonra plazma endotoksin düzeyleri ve histopatolojik değişiklikler değerlendirildi. Kontrol grubu ve intestinal l/R oluşturulan III. grup ile arasında intestinal permeabilite (% 2.4 ± 0.36 - % 8.6 ± 0.61, p< 0.001), plazma endotoksin düzeyleri (0.76 ± 0.04 EU/ml - 1.61 ± 0.19 EU/ml, p< 0.001) ve histopatolojik değişiklikler (0 - 3, p< 0,001) açısından anlamlı fark olduğu görüldü. Enteral glutamin uygulamasının ise İ/R nedeni ile artmış olan intestinal permeabiliteyi anlamlı şekilde azalttığı (% 8.6 ± 0.61 - % 5.3 ± 0.45, p< 0.001), ancak aynı olumlu etkinin plazma endotoksin düzeylerine (1.61 + 0.19 EU/ml - 1.45 + 0.13 EU/ml, p= 0.48) ve histopatolojik değişikliklere (3 - 2, p= 0,389) ve yansımadığı görüldü. Kontrol grubu ve enteral glutamin uygulaması yapılan II. grup arasında intestinal permeabilite (% 2.4 ± 0.36 - % 1.6 ± 2.8, p=n.s.), plazma endotoksin düzeyleri ( 0.76 ± 0.04 EU/ml - 0.80 ± 0.05 EU/ml, p= 0.59) ve histopatolojik değişiklikler (0 - 0, p= 0,682) açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark gözlenmedi. İ/R öncesi enteral glutamin uygulamasının intestinal l/R hasarına karşı intestinal permeabilite üzerinde koruyucu etkileri olduğu görülmüştür. Ancak bu olumlu etki plazma endotoksin düzeylerine ve histopatolojik değişikliklere yansımamıştır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Intestinal iskemi-reperfüzyon, glutamin, intestinal permeabilite, endotoksi

The Effect of Leucocytosis, Gender Difference, and Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Acute Cholecystitis in the Elderly Population

Introduction. Acute cholecystitis is one of the most common reasons of acute abdominal pain for older patients to present to the emergency department (ED). Presentation may differ from that of the younger patient and is often complicated by coexistent disease due to elderliness. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical presentation of acute cholecystitis, with special focus on comparision between elderly and young patients. Materials and Methods. This study included 318 patients who were admitted to the emergency department with right upper quadrant pain during a period of determined 8 months. After retrospective data collection, patients were groupped in accordance with their age, <65 and ≥65 years. Those who had ultrasonographic signs such as wall thickening and fluid collection were diagnosed as acute cholecystitis. Results. The young group (Group I) consisted of 225 patients, 132 females and 93 males. In Group I, 39 patients were diagnosed as acute cholecystitis of whom 27 were females and 15 were males. The elderly group (Group II) consisted of 93 patients 48 females and 45 males. In Group II, 36 patients were diagnosed as acute cholecystitis of whom 15 were females and 21 were males. Regarding the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, the female to male ratio is 2.25 in Group I and 0.71 in Group II (p=0.016). The average white blood cells counts of patients with acute cholecystitis in Group I and in Group II were 9907x109/L(±4.437) and 17083x109/L(±7485), respectively (p<0,001). Conclusions. Acute cholecystitis is a common diagnosis in elderly patients with right upper quadrant pain. It is more frequent in female in the early ages, but the gender difference tends to change with age. Elderly patients demonstrate a higher level of white blood cells when compared to young patients in acute cholecystitis. Clinicians must maintain a degree of awareness in the evaluation of geriatric patients with right upper quadrant abdominal pain

The Effect of Leucocytosis, Gender Difference, and Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Acute Cholecystitis in the Elderly Population

Introduction. Acute cholecystitis is one of the most common reasons of acute abdominal pain for older patients to present to the emergency department (ED). Presentation may differ from that of the younger patient and is often complicated by coexistent disease due to elderliness. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical presentation of acute cholecystitis, with special focus on comparision between elderly and young patients. Materials and Methods. This study included 318 patients who were admitted to the emergency department with right upper quadrant pain during a period of determined 8 months. After retrospective data collection, patients were groupped in accordance with their age, &lt;65 and ≥65 years. Those who had ultrasonographic signs such as wall thickening and fluid collection were diagnosed as acute cholecystitis. Results. The young group (Group I) consisted of 225 patients, 132 females and 93 males. In Group I, 39 patients were diagnosed as acute cholecystitis of whom 27 were females and 15 were males. The elderly group (Group II) consisted of 93 patients 48 females and 45 males. In Group II, 36 patients were diagnosed as acute cholecystitis of whom 15 were females and 21 were males. Regarding the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, the female to male ratio is 2.25 in Group I and 0.71 in Group II (p=0.016). The average white blood cells counts of patients with acute cholecystitis in Group I and in Group II were 9907x109/L(±4.437) and 17083x109/L(±7485), respectively (p&lt;0,001). Conclusions. Acute cholecystitis is a common diagnosis in elderly patients with right upper quadrant pain. It is more frequent in female in the early ages, but the gender difference tends to change with age. Elderly patients demonstrate a higher level of white blood cells when compared to young patients in acute cholecystitis. Clinicians must maintain a degree of awareness in the evaluation of geriatric patients with right upper quadrant abdominal pain.</jats:p