Visual perception of colourful petals reminds us of classical fragments

Colour has attracted the interest and attention of many of the most gifted intellects of all time. Ideas of early thinkers were not -and could not have been- grasped on a scientific level without knowledge of a kind that lay far in the future. One character that is being considered is the colourful surfaces of living tissues, which could hardly have been visualized without a corresponding reference to the microscale parallel. Millions of years before man made manipulated synthetic structures, biological systems were using nanoscale architecture to produce striking optical effects. Here we show the microsculpture of the adaxial surface of flower petals from the asphodel, the Stork's-bill and the common poppy by using optical, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy. Microsculpture has been studied in leaves and pollen grains of higher plants. To the best of our knowledge imaging and nanoscale morphometry of petals has not been reported hitherto. Our findings on flower petals' microsculpture may be linked with aspects on colour revealed from ancient literature

THE AUTONOMY AS AN EXPRESSION OF THE HUMAN BEING

The article focuses on the autonomy achieved by a person with disabilities in connection with a network that has to make the imaginary project feasible. A multidisciplinary reading on the concept of autonomy that is related to the idea of dependence and independence is essential within this network. Furthermore, possible autonomies are presented, dealing with spheres of the human being that are usually regarded as inaccessible to a person with disabilities, such as the sexual sphere, living alone, social life and work. These aspects of life belong to adulthood, which every human being undertakes at some point in their life. But the latter is not usually recognized to the person with disabilities, locking them up in a dimension of non-growth and "eternal child". The concept of autonomy implies dependence. As the Argentine pedagogist Myrtha Chokler reminds us, "there is no autonomy without dependence". We all depend on everyone, children and adults: in our life, we talk about co-dependence or mutual dependence. On the other hand, autonomy also means selfgovernance, i.e. not doing things for oneself, but doing for oneself. This represents an important dimension of autonomy: the will. In the educational field, autonomy requires a mutual involvement between educator and student which is characterized by a mutual affective and emotional dependence in which the will always remain the central focus of the student's action, without it slipping into obedience. Autonomy, therefore, is a conquest. A process in which the adult educator, who takes care of the student, works on the educative relationship through trust, freedom of movement, affective security, within a safe space, physical but also emotional, in which there is openness to novelty and change. This requires the creation of an environment that welcomes the pleasure of the student (especially at an early age) to be autonomous, that welcomes his attempts that will be the way to learn not to depend on the adult. And for all this, an indeterminate and personalized amount of time is required

Molecular analysis distinguishes metastatic disease from second cancers in patients with retinoblastoma

The pediatric ocular tumor retinoblastoma readily metastasizes, but these lesions can masquerade as histologically similar pediatric small round blue cell tumors. Since 98% of retinoblastomas have RB1 mutations and a characteristic genomic copy number “signature”, genetic analysis is an appealing adjunct to histopathology to distinguish retinoblastoma metastasis from second primary cancer in retinoblastoma patients. Here, we describe such an approach in two retinoblastoma cases. In patient one, allele-specific (AS)-PCR for a somatic nonsense mutation confirmed that a temple mass was metastatic retinoblastoma. In a second patient, a rib mass shared somatic copy number gains and losses with the primary tumor. For definitive diagnosis, however, an RB1 mutation was needed, but heterozygous promoter→exon 11 deletion was the only RB1 mutation detected in the primary tumor. We used a novel application of inverse PCR to identify the deletion breakpoint. Subsequently, AS-PCR designed for the breakpoint confirmed that the rib mass was metastatic retinoblastoma. These cases demonstrate that personalized molecular testing can confirm retinoblastoma metastases and rule out a second primary cancer, thereby helping to direct the clinical management

Theoretical and methodological aspects of preschool teacher's activity in overcoming social insecurity of children in inclusive education

The article deals with theoretical and methodological aspects of preschool teacher's activity in overcoming social insecurity of preschool children in inclusive education. The modern scientific and methodological researches on creation of an inclusive environment in a preschool education institution in which priority is active interaction, personal growth of children of preschool age, including children with disabilities, which would allow to successfully adapt to society, to solve difficult questions of vital activity, to analyze life , the achievement of individual and public goals.The article contains the results and analysis of the responses of teachers of pre-school education institutions and elementary schools from different regions of Zhytomyr region (57 people), collected through an anonymous survey in July 2018 during the Summer School in the framework of the Italian-Ukrainian cooperation project "Preschools and Relations between family, society and educational institution for children with special needs from 0 to 6 years in Zhytomyr region – Ukraine"(2015-2017) and work of annual (from 2016 to present) Ukrainian-Ukrainian School (Founder: Professor of the University of Parma Dimitris Argyropoulos) in partnership with the University of Parma, Emilia Romagna, ISCOS Public Organization, Emilia Romagna Regional Office (Italy), Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University.Based on the results of the study, an analysis of the needs of teachers and children of preschool age in communication, offers recommendations on how to work to overcome social insecurity in children, including children with disabilities

Connettività digitale e dispositivi “Smartphone” nei processi migratori e nei percorsi di inclusione

Multimedia devices (smartphones) for digital connectivity, and before them cell phones, have asignificant impact on communication styles and dynamics of migration. They also changed thelifestyles of migrants in their home country and empowered them as actors of increasingly informationtechnology-driven societies. This paper aims at reflecting on the use that migrant peopleand groups make of mobile phones to communicate and connect, especially of smartphones,which are powerful mediators and give substantial advantages to self-organization, collectionon information, and choices all through the migratory process. We will reflect on the value ofthe smartphone as a tool to help autonomy, growth, and inclusion of migrants and its influenceon dynamics of migration, based on its actual diffusion, modes of use, and implicit reasons forits being a staple commodity. Because of their versatility, smartphones are also mediators ofmultimodality. They act as amplifiers of multimedia and ICT in reducing (or amplifying) thedistance of migrants from their perceived or actual reality. Data and theories analyzed here focusthe diffusion of such technology from infrastructural factors to an evaluation of the impact onglobal development, to the contribution to specific contexts and people’s needs. In these deve -loping countries, mobile phones are a valuable support to socialization, gathering of information,health monitoring, employment, social and economic inclusion, and education at all levels

Aquì Estamos

Dodici storie di vita di adolescenti in conflitto con la legge, presi in carico dal tribunale dei minori e dai servizi del sistema penale minorile di Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Ragazzi e ragazze che si raccontano durante il periodo di privazione di libertà nelle comunità e nelle carceri minorili della città dell’Oriente boliviano e, facendolo, disvelano un intero Paese, i suoi limiti, le sue contraddizioni. Il reato, l’abbandono, la colpa, la pena, il futuro, il rimpianto, la speranza, accompagnano le loro vicende e il lavoro fatto per provare a renderli dei cittadini nuovi. “Questo titolo è una didascalia dei volti degli adolescenti boliviani che immaginiamo mentre ne leggiamo le storie. Ma è anche la rivendicazione, non con orgoglio ma con dignità, di un diritto a esistere. Aquí estamos: siamo qui, restiamo qui ma – anche – resistiamo qui”. (Riccardo Noury

Zebrafish hoxd4a Acts Upstream of meis1.1 to Direct Vasculogenesis, Angiogenesis and Hematopoiesis

10.1371/journal.pone.0058857PLoS ONE83

Інклюзивна педагогіка: Навчальний посібник для науково-педагогічних працівників, студентів закладів вищої освіти

У навчальному посібнику висвітлюються питання загально-теоретичних та методичних засад інклюзивної педагогіки з опорою на основні концепції, поняття і принципи. Представлено матеріали з історії інклюзивної педагогіки. Деталізується суть процесу включення дитини з особливими освітніми потребами до класичних груп закладу дошкільної освіти (далі ЗДО). Розглядаються особливості підтримки і супроводу дитини дошкільного віку з особливими освітніми потребами в ЗДО у співпраці з родинами. З урахуванням сучасних тенденцій в системі дошкільної освіти представлено порядок ведення документації, співпрацю учасників інклюзивного процесу та зміст роботи ЗДО з організації освітнього процесу в умовах інклюзивної освіти. До кожного розділу подається практичний матеріал. Посібник рекомендовано для науково-методичних працівників, здобувачів вищої освіти за спеціальністю 012 Дошкільна освіта (першого бакалаврського та другого магістерського рівнів),слухачів курсів підвищення кваліфікації