Concurrent Specification and Timing Analysis of Digital Hardware using SDL (extended version)

Digital hardware is treated as a collection of interacting parallel components. This permits the use of a standard formal technique for specification and analysis of circuit designs. The ANISEED method (Analysis In SDL Enhancing Electronic Design) is presented for specifying and analysing timing characteristics of hardware designs using SDL (Specification and Description Language). A signal carries a binary value and an optional time-stamp. Components and circuit designs are instances of block types in library packages. The library contains specifications of typical components in single/multi-bit and untimed/timed forms. Timing may be specified at an abstract, behavioural or structural level. Timing properties are investigated using an SDL simulator or validator. Consistency of temporal and functional aspects may be assessed between designs at different levels of detail. Timing characteristics of a design may also be inferred from validator traces. A variety of examples is used, ranging from a simple gate specification to realistic examples drawn from a standard hardware verification benchmark

Espace public médiatisé et coopération transfrontalière

Dans cet article nous tâchons de vérifier l'existence d'un espace public médiatisé au sein de la zone frontalière constituée par les communes d'Hendaye (France), Irun et Fontarabie (Espagne) situées sur la côte Atlantique, autour de la baie de Txingudi au Pays basque. Depuis 1988 ces villes sont réunies au sein d'une institution de coopération transfrontalière intercommunale appelée Consorcio. Malgré l'existence de médias à vocation transfrontalière, la situation de la baie se caractérise plus par la superposition de différents espaces publics médiatisés locaux, régionaux et stato-nationaux que par l'émergence d'un véritable espace médiatique transfrontalier.In this article, we examine the existence of a public media space in the frontier area of the towns of Hendaye (in France), and Irun and Hondarribia (in Spain), located on the Atlantic coast around the bay of Txingudi in the Basque Country. Since 1988, these three towns are linked together by a cross-frontier agreement called Consorcio Bidasoa-Txingudi. In spite of the potential existence of a cross-frontier space however, the situation in the bay area is characterised more by the overlapping of various local, regional and state-national public media spaces than by the emergence of any concrete cross-frontier one

Polyphenol-mediated microbiome modulation in STEMI patients: a pilot study

IntroductionThis study investigates the effects of polyphenol supplementation on gut microbiome composition and cardiovascular health in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).MethodsDouble-blind randomized control trial where participants received either polyphenol supplementation or placebo for 3 months, after which composition of the gut microbiome; clinical and laboratory parameters, including TMAO levels and oxidative stress levels, were assessed.ResultsThe stable TMAO levels (from 0.5 [0.2–0.9] to 0.4 [0.3–0.9] μmol, p > 0.05) were observed in the polyphenol group, compared to the increase observed in the placebo group (from 0.5 [0.3–0.6] to 0.7 [0.5–1.4] μmol, p < 0.001). Polyphenol supplementation significantly decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (p = 0.04) and increased beneficial bacteria such as Roseburia (p = 0.01), Agathobaculum sp. (p = 0.004), Alistipes finegoldii (p = 0.04) and Sellimonas (p = 0.002). Predicted metabolic pathways analysis supports potential mechanisms linking polyphenol intake to microbiome modulation and TMAO regulation.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that polyphenol supplementation maintains stable TMAO levels by restructuring gut microbiome composition in STEMI patients, evidenced by a more focused microbiome with a significant increase in beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria (Roseburia, Agathobaculum sp., Alistipes finegoldii, and Sellimonas) and a decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, suggesting microbiome-mediated cardioprotective effects. While promising,l our preliminary findings require further studies with larger cohorts and more advanced sequencing methods to establish their significance for cardiovascular health.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov, identfier: NCT06573892

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Advanced Manufacturing Techniques for Engineering and Engineered Materials

As technology develops, it is extremely important to be aware of the latest developments made in the field of mechanical engineering and materials sciences. It is necessary to carefully study such production trends as 3D printing, casting, welding, surface modification, computer numerical control (CNC), non-traditional ergonomics of Industry 4.0 and hybrid processing methods in order to use these important resources for the benefit of society. Advanced manufacturing technologies for mechanical engineering and engineering materials provide a unified and complete overview of the latest and emerging trends, developments and related technologies with the possibility of commercialization of technologies specific to the production of materials. This book also discusses various methods of machining hard-to-process materials and new materials, including matrix composites. Covering topics such as agricultural waste, traditional mechanical processing and the performance characteristics of materials, this book is an impИспользуемые программы Adobe AcrobatПо мере развития технологий крайне важно быть в курсе новейших разработок, сделанных в области машиностроения и наук о материалах. Необходимо внимательно изучить такие тенденции в производстве, как 3D-печать, литье, сварка, модификация поверхности, компьютерное числовое управление (ЧПУ), нетрадиционная эргономика индустрии 4.0 и гибридные методы обработки, чтобы использовать эти важные ресурсы на благо общества. Передовые технологии производства для машиностроения и инженерных материалов предоставляют единый и полный обзор последних и появляющихся тенденций, разработок и связанных с ними технологий с возможностью коммерциализации технологий, специфичных для производства материалов. В этой книге также рассматриваются различные методы механической обработки труднообрабатываемых материалов и новых материалов, включая матричные композиты. Охватывающая такие темы, как агроотходы, традиционная механическая обработка и эксплуатационные характеристики материалов, эта книга является важным источником информации для и

Extending Hardware Description in SDL

The use of SDL (Specification and Description Language) for digital hardware description and analysis is investigated in this dissertation. It continues the work undertaken at the University of Stirling and the Technical University of Budapest on hardware description with SDL, offering a modular approach to hardware design in SDL. Although SDL is widely used in the software and telecommunication community, it is not very popular with hardware designers. However, it has attracted the researcher's interest because it offers good system structuring features and the possibility of software-hardware co-design. One way of supporting hardware engineers when translating a circuit schematic into a SDL specification is to have a library of ready-to-use or pre-defined digital components. These elements may then be used as building blocks to aid in the development of more complex electronic hardware. The main goal of this dissertation has been to extend an existing SDL logic library, in an atte..

Concurrent Specification And Timing Analysis of Digital Hardware using SDL

Digital hardware is treated as a collection of interacting parallel components. This permits the use of a standard formal technique for specification and analysis of circuit designs. The ANISEED method (Analysis In SDL Enhancing Electronic Design) is presented for specifying and analysing timing characteristics of hardware designs using SDL (Specification and Description Language). A signal carries a binary value and an optional time-stamp. Components and circuit designs are instances of block types in library packages. The library contains specifications of typical components in single/multi-bit and untimed/timed forms. Timing may be specified at an abstract, behavioural or structural level. Timing properties are investigated using an SDL simulator or validator. Consistency of temporal and functional aspects may be assessed between designs at different levels of detail. Timing characteristics of a design may also be inferred from validator traces. A variety of examples is used, ranging from a simple gate specification to realistic examples drawn from a standard hardware verification benchmark