Effect of addition of moringa oleifera leaf on the nutritional quality, microbial and sensory properties of spices

Spice was produced using blends of Moringa oleifera leaf, ginger and garlic. The sensory, chemical and microbial assessment of Moringa based spice was evaluated. The formulation was grouped into nine blends in ratio 25:75:0, 20:80:0, 15:85:0, 25:0:75, 20:0:80, 15:0:85, 25:37.5:37.5, 20:40:40, 15:42.5:42.5 for Moringa-ginger-garlic respectively. Sensory evaluation revealed that blends with 20% moringa were more preferred in terms of aroma, taste, flavour, appearance, texture and overall acceptability. The most preferred blends were further subjected to proximate and microbial analysis. The proximate composition of the preferred blends were similar with moisture, protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate contents ranging between 8.1-9.2, 23.8-25.5, 2.7-3.0, 54.0-55.4% respectively. Microbial load of all the blends decreased during storage period. However, moringa-ginger blend showed significantly low microbial count compared to other blends. This study suggests that moringa based spice products with 20% inclusion of moringa are acceptable and can be use as spice in different household consumable product

リチウムおよび亜鉛系負極の界面および輸送現象に関する研究

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(工学)甲第23514号工博第4926号新制||工||1769(附属図書館)京都大学大学院工学研究科物質エネルギー化学専攻(主査)教授 安部 武志, 教授 作花 哲夫, 教授 阿部 竜学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering)Kyoto UniversityDFA

A DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHIC USER INTERFACE POSTPROCESSOR FOR ROTOR BEARING SYSTEMS

Rotor dynamic analysis, which requires extensive amount of data and rigorous analytical processing, has been eased by the advent of powerful and affordable digital computers. By incorporating the processor and a graphical interface post processor in a single set up, this program offers a consistent and efficient approach to rotor dynamic analysis. The graphic user interface presented in this program effectively addresses the inherent complexities of rotor dynamic analyses by linking the required computational algorithms together to constitute a comprehensive program by which input data and the results are exchanged, analyzed and graphically plotted with minimal effort by the user. Just by selecting an input file and appropriate options as required, the user can carry out a comprehensive rotor dynamic analysis (synchronous response, stability analysis, critical speed analysis with undamped map) of a particular design and view the results with several options to save the plots for further verification. This approach helps the user to modify the design of turbomachinery quickly, until an efficient design is reached, with minimal compromise in all aspects

Albendazole potentiates the neurotoxic effect of ivermectin in rat

The study was carried out to investigate whether an interaction between albendazole and ivermectin could lead to enhanced central nervous system (CNS) toxicity. Ivermectin (0.4mg/kg body weight (b.w)) and/or albendazole (15mg/kg b.w) were daily and orally administered to albino rats for 14 days. Activities of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), catalase (CAT), Na+-K+ ATPase, Ca2+-Mg2+ ATPase and malondialdehyde (MDA) level which are considered essential to correct functioning of the brain were determined. The co-administration of the two drugs significantly caused reduction (p<0.05) in the activities of brain ACP, ALP, Na+-K+ ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+ ATPase with corresponding increase in the serum. Separate administration of ivermectin or albendazole did not show any significant changes (p>0.05) in the activity of these enzymes. These suggest that in the presence of albendazole, ivermectin is able to reach the CNS and impair its function through neurochemical changes. Also, co-administration of ivermectin and albendazole led to a significant increase (p<0.05) in brain CAT activity as well as serum and brain MDA concentrations. This may be an indication that the drugs have other mechanisms of action, such as increasing oxidative damage in the CNS. Overall, these findings suggest that both drugs exert additive effect when co-administered.Keywords: Combination therapy, enhanced CNS toxicity, ATPase

Kajian Fenetik Tumbuhan Paku (Pteridofita) di Kecamatan Benai Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Provinsi Riau

Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi khususnya Kecamatan Benai merupakan salah satu tempat distribusi tumbuhan paku. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan kajian fenetik jenis – jenis tumbuhan paku yang tumbuh di Kecamatan Benai Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Provinsi Riau. Sampel di lapangan dikumpulkan dengan metode eksplorasi. Untuk memperoleh dendrogram dari tumbuhan paku yang ada di Kecamatan Benai, identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi, dan data dianalisis menggunakan program NTSys pc 2.02. Sebanyak 23 jenis tumbuhan paku dari 18 genus dan 13 famili telah diidentifikasi pada penelitian ini. Famili Polipodiaceae merupakan famili dengan jumlah jenis terbanyak (5 jenis) dari sampel yang yang dikumpulkan. Dendrogram yang diperoleh dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan jenis daun yaitu jenis daun monomorfik dan dimorfik.

Effect of Moringa oleifera flower fortification on the nutritional quality and sensory properties of weaning food

Moringa oleifera is a nutrient rich plant that has the potential to combat malnutrition problems in Africa. This study aims to investigate the effect of fortification using Moringa oleifera flower powder on the sensory and proximate attributes of fermented yellow maize and millet blend (Ogi). The formulation was grouped into seven blends in ratio 100:0:0, 70:30:0, 70:25:5, 70:20:10, 70:15:15, 70:10:20, 70:5:25 for maize, millet and Moringa oleifera flower powder (MOFP) respectively. Moringa oleifera flower was air-dried for 5days, milled and sieved to obtained fine powder. The fine powder was mixed thoroughly with fermented maize and millet, wet milled and sieved. The proximate composition of fermented yellow maize and millet (Ogi) fortified with Moringa oleifera flower powder showed an increase in crude protein, crude fibre, ash and fat with increase in the levels of Moringa oleifera flower powder and decrease in carbohydrate and moisture content. Moisture, protein, fibre, fat, ash and carbohydrate contents varied in the range 7.92-9.74%, 10.46_16.06%, 2.31-4.13%, 2.90-4.07%, 1.23-1.93% and 66.45-73.25% respectively. Sensory evaluation shows that blend 6 (20% MOFP) compared favourably with the control. Also, nutritional analysis shows that blend 6 is favourable as weaning food. Therefore, blend 6 formulation can be used as alternative to the weaning foods to improve the nutritional status of children and help to curb protein malnutrition

Kajian Fenetik Tumbuhan Paku (Pteridofita) di Kecamatan Benai Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Provinsi Riau

Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi khususnya Kecamatan Benai merupakan salah satu tempat distribusi tumbuhan paku. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan kajian fenetik jenis – jenis tumbuhan paku yang tumbuh di Kecamatan Benai Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Provinsi Riau. Sampel di lapangan dikumpulkan dengan metode eksplorasi. Untuk memperoleh dendrogram dari tumbuhan paku yang ada di Kecamatan Benai, identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi, dan data dianalisis menggunakan program NTSys pc 2.02. Sebanyak 23 jenis tumbuhan paku dari 18 genus dan 13 famili telah diidentifikasi pada penelitian ini. Famili Polipodiaceae merupakan famili dengan jumlah jenis terbanyak (5 jenis) dari sampel yang yang dikumpulkan. Dendrogram yang diperoleh dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan jenis daun yaitu jenis daun monomorfik dan dimorfik.

Stability profile of Pistia stratiotes leaf peroxidase

Peroxidases are widely distributed in nature and are used in multiple  industrial applications. Sources of peroxidases with notable stability are therefore being explored for commercial purposes. Pistia stratiotes leaf peroxidase was purified and characterized. It exhibited maximum activity at pH 6.0 after 10 minutes of incubation, which shifted to pH 6.5 after 60 minutes of incubation. Peroxidase from P. stratiotes leaf showed moderate stability after heating at 50ºC for 60 minutes and at 60ºC for 30 minutes. This enzyme was strongly inhibited by EDTA while urea had only a slight denaturing effect with approximately 65% of the activity retained after 60 minutes exposure. There was reduction in P. stratiotes leaf peroxidase activity in the presence of Pb2+ (67%), Hg2+ (70%), Ni2+ (75%),  Cu2+(12%), Co2+ (60%), Ca2+ (45%) and Mn2+ (65%) at 6mM  concentration. Acetone activated the enzyme in a concentration-dependent manner while the presence of methanol and ethanol in the reaction mixture led to 16% decrease in the activity of the enzyme at 20% concentration. Results obtained from this study revealed that P.stratiotes leaf peroxidase is moderately stable and thus has potential for some industrial applications.Keywords: Pistia stratiotes, Urea, Enzyme Activity, Peroxidase, Stabilit

Haematological evaluation in rats following administration of some antisickling agents

The effect of oral administration of thiocyanate, tellurite and hydroxyurea on haematological profile in albino rats was investigated in this study. Rats were divided into four groups. Control group received distilled water while the three experimental groups were administered with each of the antisickling drug daily at their therapeutic dose for a period of 28 days. All the drugs significantly increased packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in the blood of the rats in vivo. Hydroxyurea and thiocyanate caused significant reduction in red cell distribution width (RDW), platelets count and reticulocytes. Tellurite significantly reduced (