Measurement of spray combustion processes

A free jet configuration was chosen for measuring noncombusting spray fields and hydrocarbon-air spray flames in an effort to develop computational models of the dynamic interaction between droplets and the gas phase and to verify and refine numerical models of the entire spray combustion process. The development of a spray combustion facility is described including techniques for laser measurements in spray combustion environments and methods for data acquisition, processing, displaying, and interpretation

Will Gravitational Wave Sirens Determine the Hubble Constant?

Lack of knowledge about the background expansion history of the Universe from independent observations makes it problematic to obtain a precise and accurate estimation of the Hubble constant $H_0$ from gravitational wave standard sirens, even with electromagnetic counterpart redshifts. Simply fitting simultaneously for the matter density in a flat \lcdm\ model can reduce the precision on $H_0$ from 1\% to 5\%, while not knowing the actual background expansion model of the universe (e.g.\ form of dark energy) can introduce substantial bias in estimation of the Hubble constant. When the statistical precision is at the level of 1\% uncertainty on $H_0$, biases in non-\lcdm\ cosmologies that are consistent with current data could reach the 3$\sigma$ level. To avoid model-dependent biases, statistical techniques that are appropriately agnostic about model assumptions need to be employed.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

Time Reversal with Post-Equalization for OFDM without CP in Massive MIMO

This paper studies the possibility of eliminating the redundant cyclic prefix (CP) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in massive multiple-input multiple-output systems. The absence of CP increases the bandwidth efficiency in expense of intersymbol interference (ISI) and intercarrier interference (ICI). It is known that in massive MIMO, different types of interference fade away as the number of base station (BS) antennas tends to infinity. In this paper, we investigate if the channel distortions in the absence of CP are averaged out in the large antenna regime. To this end, we analytically study the performance of the conventional maximum ratio combining (MRC) and realize that there always remains some residual interference leading to saturation of signal to interference (SIR). This saturation of SIR is quantified through mathematical equations. Moreover, to resolve the saturation problem, we propose a technique based on time-reversal MRC with zero forcing multiuser detection (TR-ZF). Thus, the SIR of our proposed TR-ZF does not saturate and is a linear function of the number of BS antennas. We also show that TR-ZF only needs one OFDM demodulator per user irrespective of the number of BS antennas; reducing the BS signal processing complexity significantly. Finally, we corroborate our claims as well as analytical results through simulations.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

A Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Exon 4 of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Associated with Production Traits in Bali Cattle

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is one of the gene candidates that can be used in selection strategy by using DNA markers (marker assisted selection). Gene candidate strategy is a molecular biology techniques to identify quantitative trait loci directly, with the assumption that genetic variation associated to quantitative trait variation. This study was designed to identify any new mutations in exon 4 that can cause the IGF-1 gene polymorphism and then affect the production traits on Bali cattle. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery was conducted by using the direct sequencing technique. Genetic variation of the genes candidate was identified by using PCR-RFLP technique. The results of this study indicate the presence of a new SNP in exon 4 of IGF-1 gene caused by the T/C transition, which can be identified using Rsa1 restriction enzyme. Genotypic polymorphism of IGF-1/Rsa1 has a significant influence on birth weight, weaning weight and average daily gain of Bali cattle. CC genotype had a birth weight rate, weaning weight and average daily gain of: 15.64±1.83; 83.15±9.00, and 0.439±0.07 respectively, higher than the TT and CT genotype. IGF-1/Rsa1 can be used as a genetic marker for selection of birth weight, weaning weight, and daily body weight gain

Tubular Electrospun Composite Scaffolds for Potential Bone Tissue Engineering

poster abstractElectrospinning is an adaptable method in which polymer solutions or melts converted into micro or nano scale fibers. In this procedure, polymer solutions are loaded into 10 mL syringes that contained millimeter scale nozzles. High voltage (20-30 kV) was applied to polymer solutions at the tip of the nozzle to stabilize the surface tension by electrostatic force. The critical point where this stabilization occurred is called Taylor cone and it lets the droplets to turn into polymer sprays. The fibers were collected onto a tubular rotational collector, which was grounded. Different tubular scaffolds composed of pure polycaprolactone (PCL), small intestinal submucosa (SIS), hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP) were prepared by using the electrospinning technique. 13 and 15 wt% pure PCL stock solutions were prepared by dissolution in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HPF) and stirring at the room temperature until a viscous translucent liquid was acquired. Composite PCL/SIS and PCL/HA dopes were prepared from 10 wt% PCL stock by adding SIS or HA in an 8:1 (PCL:SIS, PCL:HA) dry weight ratio. Similarly, PCL/HA/TCP solutions were made from 13 wt% PCL stock by adding HA and TCP in a 8:1:1 dry weight ratio. Each individual scaffold will be scanned through electron microscope (ECM) to gather information about the % porosity and the diameter of the electrospun fibers. Mechanical testing will be conducted to measure the tensile strength of the fibers. Finally, implanting the tubular scaffolds into axolotls will test cell biocompatibility of the scaffolds

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Mutasi Karyawan pada PT. Sakato Jaya dengan Metode Multi Faktor Evaluation Proses

Proses pengambilan keputusan penyeleksian mutasi karyawan di PT. Bina Sakato Jaya Kiliran Jao saat ini masih dilakukan secara sederhana yaitu menggunakan Microsoft Office dalam penentuan karyawan yang dimutasi mempunyai faktor penilaian Disiplin, Prestasi kerja, dan Tanggung Jawab. Dalam pengambilan keputusan seleksi mutasi karyawan di instansi ini cukup lamban dan masih memakai aspek subjektif. Oleh Karena itu perlu dibuat sebuah aplikasi yang mampu menentukan seleksi mutasi karyawan yang optimal yang dapat membantu pimpinan instansi dalam mengambil keputusan yang lebih objektif. Untuk keputusan yang berpengaruh secara strategis, lebih dianjurkan menggunakan sebuah pendekatan kuantitatif seperti Multifactor Evaluation Process (MFEP). Dalam pengambilan keputusan dengan multifaktor, pengambilan keputusan secara subyektif dan intuitif dapat dihindarkan

Filter Bank Multicarrier for Massive MIMO

This paper introduces filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) as a potential candidate in the application of massive MIMO communication. It also points out the advantages of FBMC over OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) in the application of massive MIMO. The absence of cyclic prefix in FBMC increases the bandwidth efficiency. In addition, FBMC allows carrier aggregation straightforwardly. Self-equalization, a property of FBMC in massive MIMO that is introduced in this paper, has the impact of reducing (i) complexity; (ii) sensitivity to carrier frequency offset (CFO); (iii) peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR); (iv) system latency; and (v) increasing bandwidth efficiency. The numerical results that corroborate these claims are presented.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure