Two-phase simulation of hydrothermal performance and entropy generation aspects of a biologically prepared nanofluid-cooled heat sink with helical Tesla valve-based microchannels

The continuous development of innovative cooling techniques is imperative for advancing electronic device performance, enhancing efficiency, and prolonging their operational reliability in an ever-evolving technological landscape. In this numerical investigation, the hydrothermal performance and entropy generation aspects of a heat sink featuring Tesla valve-base helical channels are explored using the two-phase mixture method. The chosen heat transfer fluid is a water-silver nanofluid synthesized through a biological method. The study delved into the impact of Reynolds number (Re = 500–2000) and nanofluid concentration (φ = 0–1%) on the system's functional parameters, and the results are subsequently compared with data associated with a heat sink employing the helical plain channels. It was uncovered that elevating Re and diminishing φ result in improved central processing unit (CPU) cooling, lowered thermal resistance, and a reduction in the temperature differential between the maximum and minimum CPU temperatures. Meanwhile, the pumping power of nanofluid increases with higher Re s and lower φ s. Furthermore, it was discovered that the overall hydrothermal performance of the heat sink with Tesla valve-type helical channel consistently surpasses that of the heat sink with helical plain channel. The peak value of the Performance Evaluation Criterion, reaching 1.642, was associated with Case Re = 500 & φ = 0 %. Furthermore, it was found that substituting the Tesla valve-base channel for the plain channel results in a decrease in the total entropy generation up to a Re of 1500

Periodic wave solutions and stability analysis for the KP-BBM equation with abundant novel interaction solutions

This paper aims at investigating periodic wave solutions for the (2+1)-dimensional KP-BBM equation, from its bilinear form, obtained using the Hirota operator. Two major cases were studied from two different ansatzes. The 3D, 2D and density representation illustrating some cases of solutions obtained have been represented from a selection of the appropriate parameters. The modulation instability is employed to discuss the stability of got solutions. That will be extensively used to report many attractive physical phenomena in the fields of acoustics, heat transfer, fluid dynamics, classical mechanics and so on

Thermal efficiency of microchannel heat sink: Incorporating nano-enhanced phase change materials and porous foam gradient and artificial intelligence-based prediction

This study investigates the impact of incorporating phase change materials (PCMs), nano-particles (NPs) enhanced PCMs (nePCMs), and porous foam gradients on the thermal performance (TPEF) of microchannel heat sinks (MCHS). Specifically, the effect of different PCM types, hybrid NPs, and spiral microchannels on the TPEF is examined using numerical solutions based on the finite volume method. The results indicate that increasing Re and using spiral microchannels significantly enhance the TPEF. The incorporation of NPs-water and PCM can reduce the thermal resistance (R) of MCHS, with PCM significantly improving the TPEF. Among the PCMs, ENCAPSUL demonstrates the best performance for MCHS. The combination of hybrid nePCM increases TPEF by approximately 9%. The combination of PCM-aluminum oxide-iron oxide NPs exhibits the highest TPFE. The use of a porous medium with PCM can decrease the R by about 60 %, and it improves the TPEF by altering the conduction and convection mechanism. various scenarios of changes in the porosity coefficient have been considered for porous foam gradient and the best performance is achieved for the NYPC mode. Various scenarios of MCHS with PCM-water combinations have been explored, and the best performance is observed when PCM is situated in the microchannel. Additionally, artificial intelligence techniques, such as the Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH), have been utilized to estimate R, and a multivariate polynomial regression (MPR) equation has been developed to calculate R based on input variables. GMDH is more accurate compared to MPR

A systematic study on composite materials in civil engineering

In this paper, a brief and applied study is performed for reviewing the application of composite materials in civil engineering structures and presenting the significant results and methods based on recent research (as an appropriate short-cut). Some applied trusses and algorithms, related simulations, bridge analysis, and applied solved problems are presented and analyzed in this article. For example, one of the dangerous and undesired happenings is failure and fracture in the structures, which may occur for the buildings. Therefore, the composite behavior must be accurately investigated for predicting and preventing unpleasant hazards. Thus, the analysis and application of the composites in the structures are essential and require increasing the safety and lifetime as well as suitable for managing the time and costs. Moreover, some highlighted challenges for the use of composites in the future such as considering costs and environment management are presented. Finally, a simulation has been done for simplifying the real problem to simple geometrical engineering system in section 6 (solved problems) which would be useful for engineers and students (researchers)

N-lump and interaction solutions of localized waves to the (2+1)-dimensional asymmetrical Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation arise from a model for an incompressible fluid

The present article deals withM-soliton solution andN-soliton solution of the (2 + 1)-dimensional asymmetrical Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation by virtue of Hirota bilinear operator method. The obtained solutions for solving the current equation represent some localized waves including soliton, breather, lump, and their interactions, which have been investigated by the approach of the long-wave limit. Mainly, by choosing the specific parameter constraints in theM-soliton andN-soliton solutions, all cases of the one breather or one lump can be captured from the two, three, four, and five solitons. In addition, the performances of the mentioned technique, namely, the Hirota bilinear technique, are substantially powerful and absolutely reliable to search for new explicit solutions of nonlinear models. Meanwhile, the obtained solutions are extended with numerical simulation to analyze graphically, which results in localized waves and their interaction from the two-, three-, four-, and five-soliton solutions profiles. They will be extensively used to report many attractive physical phenomena in the fields of acoustics, heat transfer, fluid dynamics, classical mechanics, and so on

Localized waves and interaction solutions to the fractional generalized CBS-BK equation arising in fluid mechanics

The Hirota bilinear method is employed for searching the localized waves, lump-solitons, and solutions between lumps and rogue waves for the fractional generalized Calogero-Bogoyavlensky-Schiff-Bogoyavlensky-Konopelchenko (CBS-BK) equation. We probe three cases including lump (combination of two positive functions as polynomial), lump-kink (combination of two positive functions as polynomial and exponential function) called the interaction between a lump and one line soliton, and lump-soliton (combination of two positive functions as polynomial and hyperbolic cos function) called the interaction between a lump and two-line solitons. At the critical point, the second-order derivative and the Hessian matrix for only one point will be investigated and the lump solution has one maximum value. The moving path of the lump solution and also the moving velocity and the maximum amplitude will be obtained. The graphs for various fractional orders alpha are plotted to obtain 3D plot, contour plot, density plot, and 2D plot. The physical phenomena of this obtained lump and its interaction soliton solutions are analyzed and presented in figures by selecting the suitable values. That will be extensively used to report many attractive physical phenomena in the fields of fluid dynamics, classical mechanics, physics, and so on

ANFIS-based modeling of packed bed thermal energy storage with phase change material: A novel geometric design for enhanced performance

Packing Bed Thermal Energy System (PBTES) are employed for heating, drying, and recovering thermal energy due to their simplicity, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. This study explores the potential of porous foam gradients and phase change materials (PCMs) as an innovative strategy to boost the thermal performance of PBTES. The investigation examines the impact of different PCMs—specifically RT-42, RT-38, and RT-35HC—along with varying flow rates, Darcy numbers, and porosities. For the numerical analysis, ANSYS Fluent software was employed in two scenarios: one involving a complete concrete sample and the other featuring concrete mixed with PCM in various geometries. The findings disclose that the ratio of energy released to energy gathered (Edischarge/Echarge) and the energy efficiency of the full concrete scenario peak at the highest air mass flow rate. For RT42, the greatest temperature increase is observed at a porosity of 0.55, while the mean temperature of the PCM shows the most significant rise in maximum temperature at a porosity of 0.75. The Edischarge/Echarge improved across all Darcy numbers compared to the porous medium, with the highest energy efficiency noted at a Darcy number of 1e-09. In the second scenario, when analyzing different PCMs, RT42 achieved the highest maximum temperature in the system, while RT35HC had the lowest. Applying ANFIS modeling, the Edischarge/Echarge was accurately predicted, achieving a correlation coefficient of 0.92