Hydrogel Scaffolds: Towards Restitution of Ischemic Stroke-Injured Brain

Chronic brain injury following cerebral ischemia is a severe debilitating neurological condition, where clinical intervention is well known to decrease morbidity and mortality. Despite the development of several therapeutic strategies, clinical outcome in the majority of patients could be better improved, since many still face life-long neurological deficits. Among the several strategic options that are currently being pursued, tissue engineering provides much promise for neural tissue salvage and regeneration in brain ischemia. Specifically, hydrogel biomaterials have been utilized to docket biomolecules, adhesion motifs, growth factors, and other proneural cues for stable stem cell encapsulation. Here, we provide an overview of therapeutic applications of hydrogels in stroke treatment. Special focus is given to design considerations for generation of efficient hydrogel systems for neurological applications. Therapeutic applications of hydrogels in stroke as conducive microenvironments for stem cell transplantation and drug delivery have been discussed. Finally, we present our perspectives on clinical translation of hydrogels for neural tissue regeneration

Toxicological evaluation of ethanolic extract of Tabernaemontana coronaria (L) R. Br.

Objective: To investigate the acute and sub acute toxicological evaluation of ethanolic extract of Tabernaemontana coronaria. Method: The acute toxicity profile as well as possible haemostatic activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant after sub acute oral administration was studied in male wistar albino rats.The rats were sacrificed 24 h after last treatment. Blood was collected by cervical decapitation for biochemical and haematological assessment. Liver and kidney were also excised, placed in 10% formalin for histopathological evaluation. Results: The ethanolic extract of Tabernaemontana coronaria did not produce any significant effect on haematology, lipid profile and renal profile. But only a slight increase in ALP and LDH is seen in group V rats. The histopathological study did not show any abnormalities in the liver and kidney. Conclusion: Although the ethanolic extract of Tabernaemontana coronaria has shown only slight increase in ALP and LDH activity in group 5 rats, the histopathological study confirmed the safety nature of the plant

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Not AvailableThe ejaculate composition is extremely complicated and variable among livestock species. The seminal proteins and enzymes are vital for ejaculate metabolism, spermatozoa performance, survival, and transport within the feminine reproductive tract. Proteases and proteinase inhibitors are secreted by the accessory sex glands of the male reproductive tract and find mixed with the spermatozoa throughout ejaculation. But an entire understanding of those enzymes and their performance in numerous class species is not obtainable. The performance of the assorted proteinases and protease inhibitors of ejaculate stay a mystery, and only a few studies are conducted concerning the characterization of those enzymes. Throughout this review, we tend to target the current understanding of the key proteases and their inhibitors of ejaculate from various mammalian species.Not Availabl