Comparison of the efficacy of low doses of methylprednisolone, acetaminophen, and dexketoprofen trometamol on the swelling developed after the removal of impacted third molar

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of low doses of methylprednisolone, acetaminophen and dexketoprofen trometamol, which are among the drug groups used in our clinic, on postoperative swelling developing after removal of impacted third molar. Material and Methods: The three group of patients received either 40 mg methylprednisolone or 300 mg acetaminophen or 12.5 mg dexketoprofen trometamol one hour before the procedure, according to the patient groups. The patients in the methylprednisolone group were injected with methylprednisolone at a dose of 20 mg 24 hour after the procedure and prescribed 300 mg acetaminophen as rescue analgesic. During the postoperative period, the doses that were given before the procedure were continued 3 times a day for 2 days in the acetaminophen and dexketoprofen trometamol groups. Maximal swelling was assessed preoperatively and at the postoperative 48 hours by ultrasound images. Results: Swelling was 34% lower in the methylprednisolone than in the other groups; however, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups. The acetaminophen and dexketoprofen trometamol groups exhibited clinical results close to each other. Conclusions: Combination of low doses of methylprednisolone and acetaminophen provide a safe and adequate clinical success on swelling

Conservative Treatment Protocol for Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumour: a Follow-up Study of 3 Cases

Background: The keratocystic odontogenic tumour is classified as a developmental cyst derived from the enamel organ or from the dental lamina. The treatment of keratocystic odontogenic tumour of the jaw remains controversial. The aim of this study was to report the outcome of our conservative treatment protocol for keratocystic odontogenic tumour.Methods: Three patients with different complaints referred to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Selçuk University. Initial biopsy was carried out in all patients and keratocystic odontogenic tumours was diagnosed subsequent to histopathological examination. The patients with keratocystic odontogenic tumours were treated by enucleation followed by open packing. This conservative treatment protocol was selected because of existing young aged patients. The average follow-up duration of the cases was 2 years.Results: Out of 3 cases, 2 lesions were present in mandible and 1 lesion in maxilla. There was no evidence of recurrence during follow-up. All the cases were monitored continuously with panoramic radiographs, computed tomography and clinical evaluations.Conclusions: This conservative treatment protocol for keratocystic odontogenic tumours, based on enucleation followed by open packing would be a possible choice with a view of offering low recurrence rate and low morbidity rate particularly in young patients

Association between proinsulin and cardiovascular events

Aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) still remains an important cause of death in spite of all advances in treatment. There are many risk factors for CAD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of of-of proinsulin on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in nondiabetic coronary artery disease. Material & Method: Nondiabetic 38 (8 female, 30 male) patients diagnosed with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) admitted to coronary ICU of Haseki Training and Investigation Hospital and 21 control cases (9 female, 12 male) without diabetes and any cardiovascular disease were included in the present study. Proinsulin and other biochemical parameters of the patients were recorded. Five years later, among patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS), those who have recurring ACS and those who do not have were compared in terms of proinsulin and other biochemical parameters. Results: There was no significant difference between acute coronary syndrome patients and controls with regard to proinsülin, Proinsulin /İnsulin ratio, and HOMA-IR values. However, a significant difference was found in age and glucose/insulin ratio. Respectively p=0.017, p=<0.001. After five years of follow up, significant difference was found between ACS patients who experienced cardiac event again and those who did not do so in terms of systolic blood pressure and proinsulin levels. Respectively p=0.013, p=0.031. No statistically significant difference was found in other parameters. Conclusion: No significant difference was found between patients with ACS and control groups with respect to proinsulin levels. p=0.072. However, after five years of follow up, proinsulin levels were found to be high (p=0.031 )in the group who reexperienced cardiac events, suggesting that proinsulin may be a marker or risk factor of cardiovascular risk in the long term

The relationships among impulsivity, anxiety sensitivity and nonsuicidal self-injury characteristics in patients with phobias

Background: The relationship between impulsivity and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been revealed in several mental disorders other than phobias. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among impulsivity, anxiety sensitivity, and NSSI characteristics in patients with phobias, and to compare these relationships with healthy controls. Methods: The sample of this study consisted of outpatients (n = 109) who had been diagnosed with social phobia, agoraphobia or simple phobia in addition to healthy individuals (n = 51) serving as the control group. Data collection tools were the socio-demographic form, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS), and the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-3). Results: Mean BIS-11 and ASI-3 scores in the social phobia and agoraphobia groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the control group. In addition, a positive correlation was found between ISAS and cognitive anxiety sensitivity scores in the agoraphobia and simple phobia groups. Discussion: The study revealed a positive correlation between cognitive anxiety sensitivity and NSSI in both the agoraphobia and simple phobia groups. The results of this study indicate that anxiety sensitivity may play a regulatory role between impulsivity and NSSI in some sub-groups of phobia

Paradoxical therapy in conversion reaction.

Paradoxical therapy consists of suggesting that the patient intentionally engages in the unwanted behaviour such as performing compulsive ritual or wanting a conversion attack. In this study, the subjects were selected by the emergency unit psychiatrist from patients who were admitted to the emergency unit with pseudoseizure. The diagnoses was based on DSM-IV criteria. Paradoxical intention was applied to half of the 30 patients with conversion disorders; the other half were treated with diazepam in order to examine the efficiency of the paradoxical intention versus diazepam. In both groups the differences of the anxiety scores at the beginning of the study were found to be insignificant (z=1.08, p=0.28). Of the 15 patients who completed paradoxical intention treatment, 14 (93.3%) responded favorably to paradoxical intention. On the other hand of 15 patients who completed diazepam therapy, 9 (60%) responded well to therapy and 6 patients carried on their conversion symptoms at the end of 6 weeks. Paradoxical intention-treated patients appeared to have greater improvements in anxiety scores (z=2.43, p<0.015) and conversion symptoms (t=2.27, p=0.034) than the diazepam-treated patients. The results of the present study are encouraging in that paradoxical intention can be effective in the treatment of conversion disorder

Acto ilícito atípico

This work synthesizes the origin and the theoretical development of the expression ‘Atypical Illicit Act’. The research focuses only on the formulation made by Atienza y Ruiz Manero in two books: “Las piezas del derecho” and “Ilícitos atípicos”, and seeks to evidence three conceptual changes that the authors introduce in relation to imperativist theories: a) the meanings of the acts; b) the notion of torts; c) the notion of non-criminality. Since the term ‘Atypical Illicit Act’ and its contraction ‘Atypical Torts’ are a post-positivist manifestation, this paper considers that this expression was developed, on the one hand, as a theoretical criticism to the 'positivist' or 'formalist' postures and, on the other hand, as an interpretative theory focused on how judges must resolve cases not explicitly regulated according to the values recognized by the normative system.La presente voz sintetiza el origen y el desarrollo teórico de la expresión ‘acto ilícito atípico’. La investigación se concentra solo en la formulación que realizan Atienza y Ruiz Manero en dos libros: “Las piezas del derecho” e “Ilícitos atípicos”, y busca evidenciar tres cambios conceptuales que los autores introducen en relación a las teorías imperativistas: a) el significado de los actos; b) la noción de ilicitud y c) la noción de atipicidad. Ya que el sintagma ‘acto ilícito atípico’ y su contracción ‘ilícito atípico’ son una manifestación de una posición post-positivista, la voz considera que esta expresión se desarrolló, por un lado, como una crítica teórica hacia posturas ‘positivistas’ o ‘formalistas’ y; por otro lado, como una teoría interpretativa enfocada en cómo los jueces deben resolver casos no regulados explícitamente conforme a los valores reconocidos por el sistema normativo

Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Preterm Low Birth Weight

Purpose: There is growing evidence showing that a number of complex human diseases are caused or are at least influenced by periodontal diseases. Such diseases include cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. The aim of study was to evaluate periodontal diseases as a risk factor for a preterm low birth weight. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 mothers, 20 of who had a preterm low birth weight delivery, were examined in the Clinics of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University. The periodontal exams consisted of a full mouth pocket depth, a Loe and Sillness Gingival index score measurements, and a panoramic radiograph analysis. Information on any other factors that may cause a preterm low birth weight was obtained from the family physician. Results: The study results indicated that periodontitis (OR: 3.6 95% CI: 1.06 - 12.18) together with bacterial vaginosis (OR: 11.57 95% CI: 1.26 - 105.7) were independent risk factors of a preterm low birth weight. According to the data obtained from this study, the paternal age, tobacco use and the mothers' height were not significant risk factors for a preterm low birth weight. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, it is concluded that a poor periodontal health status of the mother may be a potential risk factor for a preterm low birth weight

Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitor Related Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a rare but serious and life-threatening acute complication of diabetes mellitus. It is characterized by ketoacidosis with other findings and should be treated immediately. In this case, a 33-year-old diabetic patient who admitted to the emergency department with diabetic ketoacidosis is presented. The patient was prescribed empagliflozin (sodium glucose cotransporter inhibitor-2) a month ago. The SGLT-2 inhibitors have been approved for use in the treatment of type 2 DM and are still not used in the treatment of type 1 DM. There are such reports of unusual side effects related SGLT-2 inhibitors, in the literature and among them, ketoacidosis is a rare and important side effect

The relationships among impulsivity, anxiety sensitivity, and severity of social anxiety disorder

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of impulsivity and anxiety sensitivity in patients with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) and to investigate relationships between these characteristics and the severity of SAD. Method: The sample consisted of outpatients (n=42) who had been diagnosed with only SAD based on the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, in addition to healthy individuals (n=51) serving as the control group. Data collection tools were the sociodemographic form, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-3), and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). Results: The mean total score of the BIS-11 in the SAD group was found to be significantly higher than the mean total BIS-11 score in the control group (p <0.001). Compared to the mean total ASI-3 score, the SAD group's mean score was significantly higher than the control groups mean scores (p <0.001). The analysis of variance revealed that the cognitive and social dimensions and total ASI-3 scores were positively correlated with total LSAS scores (r=0.434, r=0.427, and r=0.351, respectively). Additionally, there was a negative correlation between the attention impulsivity subscore and the LSAS avoidance subscore (r=- 0.353). Discussion: Patients with SAD have more impulsivity and anxiety sensitivity characteristics than healthy individuals. Moreover, anxiety sensitivity and attention impulsivity characteristics of patients with SAD are associated with symptom severit