Anthropometric Study of Nasal Parameters of South Indian Population

Introduction The shape of the nose is a signature indicating the ethnicity, age, and sex of the person. Our aim is to map the range of various anthropometric parameters of nose in South Indians. Materials and Methods This study includes measurement and statistical analysis of different parameters of nose among 61 South Indian medical students (34 females;27 males) using digital Vernier calipers. Results The means of various parameters were- 1) Nasal Breadth -2.9cm (males) and 2.5 cm (females). 2) Nasal height-5 cm (males) and 4.9cm (females). 3) The nasofacial angle-37.9 degree (males) and 36.7 degree (females). 4) The nasolabial angle 115.2 degree (males) and 116.5 degree (females). 5) The nasofrontal angle 127.1 degree (males) and 134.7 degree (females). 6) The most common type of nose is leptorrhine in both males and females. Conclusion All the measurements can be used for evaluation of nasal deformity, treatment planning and post-surgical evaluation of the correction achieved during rhinoplasty

Airborne Bacterial Exposure at Workers\u27 Breathing Height in an Organic Farm of Rural Georgia

Organic farming has potentials to contribute substantially to future sustainable agricultural production by improving soil quality, pest control, and reduction of adverse environmental impacts in rural agricultural communities. On the other hand, application of natural farmyard manure may increase the microbial biomass in this environment and consequently microbial exposure levels among workers could be increased. To explore this possibility of excess exposure, particularly to airborne bacteria, we conducted air sampling at the vicinity of poultry and dairy sections of a large organic farm in a rural Georgia location. For air sampling, a Biostage viable cascade impactor was utilized, which comprises an inlet cone, precision-drilled 400-hole impactor stage, and a base that holds a standard-size agar plate (Tryptic soy agar). A high flow QuickTake 30 pump connected to this impactor pulls microorganisms in air at 28.3 L/min flow rate through the holes (jets) where they are collected on the agar surface for approx. ten minutes. After sampling, agar plates containing the samples were placed in an ice chest with blue ice and plates were incubated at 30å±2å¡C for 24 to 72 h. Colonies were counted and converted to airborne concentrations (CFU/m3) followed by positive hole corrections. For understanding overall microbial activity in the nearby soil surfaces, ATP levels were determined (using a kit and a luminometer) in swabbed dust samples collected from 10 cm2 soil surfaces. Average airborne concentrations of culturable bacteria near the poultry and dairy sections (n = 9) ranged from 125 to 297 CFU/m3 and 91 to 165 CFU/m3, respectively for airborne bacteria and means (average values) of 112 - 1359 RLU/sample (872.7 Std. Dev.) and 701 Ò 816 RLU/sample (515.1 Std. Dev.), respectively for ATP levels. Preliminary data showed that bacterial exposure levels in selected locations are generally lower than previous measurements in other farming environments conducted by other researchers

Difference in anthropometric measurements of nose among North and South Indians

Background: The shape of nose varies with ethnicity, race, age, sex and the “normalcy” of nose differs with region and culture. Our objective is to document the differences among North and South Indian population which can be taken as references. Materials and Methods: This study includes measurement of different parameters of nose among 14 North Indian(9 males;5 females) and 61 South Indian medical students (27 males;34 females) using vernier calliper and was statistically analysed. Results: 1) Morphological width of the nose -3.1cm (North Indians) and 3.1 cm(South Indians).2) Columella length -1.8 cm(North Indians) and 1.7 cm(South Indians).3) Columella Width -0.66cm(North Indians) and 0.58 cm(South Indians).4) Alar Width -0.52 cm (North Indians) and 0.48 cm (South Indians). 5).The most common type of cheek alar groove was cheek type followed by labial and tube type in both North and South Indians. Conclusion:The evaluation of difference in nasal parameters is helpful in quantifying the nasal deformities pertaining to different regions within a country so that the” ideal nose” is achieved post surgery

“COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VARIOUS NASAL PARAMETERS AMONG NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN POPULATION OF INDIA”.

Background: The shape of the nose is a signature indicating the ethnicity ,race, age, and sex. Anthropometric parameters vary with age, sex, and ethnic background, and several authors have attempted to document normative values which may serve as references. Materials and Methods: This study includes measurement of different parameters of nose among 14 North Indian(9 males;5 females) and 61 South Indian medical students (27 males;34 females) using vernier calliper and was statistically analysed. Results: The means of various parameters were- 1)Nasal Breadth -2.8cm (North Indians) and 2.7 cm(South Indians).2)Nasal height5.2cm(North Indians) and 4.9cm(South Indians).3)The nasofacial angle-39.4 degree(North Indians) and 37.2 degree(South Indians).4)The nasolabial angle is 118.2 degree(North Indians) and 115.9 degree(South Indians).5)The nasofrontal angle 129.3 degree(North Indians) and 131.3degree(South Indians).6).The most common type of nose is leptorrhine in both North and South Indians. Conclusion: All the measurements can be used for evaluation of nasal deformity, treatment planning and post surgical evaluation of the correction achieved during rhinoplasty.</jats:p

Clinical Analysis of Nasal Parameters of 61 Medical Students in South Indians

Background: The shape of the nose indicates the ethnicity ,race, age, and sex. Anthropometric parameters vary with age, sex, and ethnic background, and several authors have attempted to document the normative values which may serve as references.&#x0D; Materials and methods: This study includes measurement of  different parameters of nose among 61 South Indian medical students (34 females;27 males) which were statistically analysed.&#x0D; Results: 1) Morphological width of the nose -3.3cm (males) and 2.9 cm(females).2) Columella Length -1.8 cm(males) and 1.6 cm(females).3) Columella Width -0.59 cm(males) and 0.57 cm(females).4) Alar Width -0.52 cm (males) and 0.45 cm (females). 5).The most common type of cheek alar groove was cheek type followed by labial and tube type in both males and females.&#x0D; Conclusion: All the measurements can be used for evaluation of nasal deformity, treatment   planning and post surgical evaluation of the correction achieved during rhinoplasty.</jats:p