Dimensions of Majority and Minority Groups

Several definitions of majority and minority groups can be found in the social psychological literature. They involve numeric size, power/status, and counternormative position, but size is most commonly used in experimental research to manipulate minority/minority status. Does this practice mirror real-world conceptualizations? To address this question, 77 participants were asked to describe majority and minority groups using a structured openended measure. Content analysis of their responses revealed that majority and minority groups were conceptualized along eight dimensions, which included power, number, distinctiveness, social category, group context, dispositions, and being the source or target of behavior. Although these dimensions were relevant to both majorities and minorities, they often were applied differentially. Also, minorities were associated with more divergent thinking and viewed more negatively than were majorities. On the basis of these findings, a new typology of groups was proposed that could be used in future experimental research to advance our understanding of majorities and minorities

Cortometraje Ciudad Virtual: la realidad es un video

Ciudad Virtual es un cortometraje semi-experimental o de vanguardia, que emplea en su propuesta estética distintos formatos, técnicas de grabación y de puesta en escena. Ganador del Concurso de Creación Experimental 2021 de la Dirección del Audiovisual, la Fotografía y los Nuevos Medios (DAFO), del Ministerio de Cultura; el proyecto parte de la premisa de indagar en qué es “lo virtual” para crear una obra meta-referencial. En esta, se reflexiona sobre la condición del arte y el video como herramientas de representación y creadores de realidad. Ahora más que nunca, las pantallas nos rodean constantemente en todo tipo de dispositivos. Las usamos para vivir y para visualizar videos, los cuáles funcionan como ventanas a otros puntos de vista, representaciones de la realidad. El cortometraje busca reflexionar sobre la cualidad virtualizante del video y del arte en general. Para ello, hace uso de una estructura antinarrativa o posnarrativa (Muñoz, 2017). El personaje principal, Bot 1, nos conduce por un proceso de despersonalización, viajando entre sueños y recuerdos para finalmente despertar el terror de descubrir que su realidad es una mentira, un video.Ciudad Virtual, winner of the contest “Creación Experimental” from DAFO in 2021, is a semi-experimental or avant-garde short film. This project questions the notion of what is considered “virtual”, creating a meta-referential audiovisual work. Additionally, it reflects on the usage of art and video as tools to embody and create reality. Thus, its aesthetic proposal makes use of multiple video formats, recording and staging techniques. Now more than ever, we are surrounded by screens and visual displays on all kinds of devices. As part of our routine, we constantly consume media in the form of videos. These videos can function as gateway to others’ perspectives and to different depictions of reality. Seeking to meditate on the inherently virtualizing nature of video and art, this short film makes use of an anti-narrative or post-narrative structure (Muñoz, 2017). The main character, Bot 1, leads us through a process of depersonalization, traveling between dreams and memories to finally awaken in terror from discovering that reality is a lie, a video

Hyperparameter optimization of hp-greedy reduced basis for gravitational wave surrogates

In a previous work we introduced, in the context of gravitational wave science, an initial study on an automated domain-decomposition approach for reduced basis through hp-greedy refinement. The approach constructs local reduced bases of lower dimensionality than global ones, with the same or higher accuracy. These ``light'' local bases should imply both faster evaluations when predicting new waveforms and faster data analysis, in particular faster statistical inference (the forward and inverse problems, respectively). In this approach, however, we have previously found important dependence on several hyperparameters, which do not appear in global reduced basis. This naturally leads to the problem of hyperparameter optimization (HPO), which is the subject of this paper. We tackle the problem through a Bayesian optimization, and show its superiority when compared to grid or random searches. We find that for gravitational waves from the collision of two spinning but non-precessing black holes, for the same accuracy, local hp-greedy reduced bases with HPO have a lower dimensionality of up to $4 \times$ for the cases here studied, depending on the desired accuracy. This factor should directly translate in a parameter estimation speedup, for instance. Such acceleration might help in the near real-time requirements for electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences. In addition, we find that the Bayesian approach used in this paper for HPO is two orders of magnitude faster than, for example, a grid search, with about a $100 \times$ acceleration. The code developed for this project is available as open source from public repositories.Comment: This paper is an invited contribution to the Special Issue "Recent Advances in Gravity: A Themed Issue in Honor of Prof. Jorge Pullin on his 60th Anniversary'

American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System: History, Development, Reliability, and Its Future

The American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA PS) classification has long been used as a ranking system that quantifies patient health before anaesthesia and surgery. When initially developed, the ASA PS intended application was purely statistical. However, nowadays it is commonly used by surgical specialties to determine a patient’s likelihood of developing postoperative complications, despite studies reporting scoring method subjectivity and inconsistencies among anaesthesiologists in assigning these scores. Over the years, the ASA PS classifications have undergone many changes and modifications to address its limitations. There are a few points to be discussed if all shortcomings are to be treated and interobserver variability is to be limited

Las Redes Sociales en Ojos Púberes: Vueltas Psicoanalíticas

La presente investigación bibliográfica tiene como objetivo general dar cuenta de una problemática: la utilización de las redes sociales en manos de la pubertad, se esbozan ciertas vueltas en torno a un uso particular que esta población hace de las redes, algunas causas y ciertas consecuencias, se rescatan cuestiones del contexto mediatizado por las imágenes y posibilidades de intervención. Este escrito se buscan, como objetivos específicos, referencias en un marco primordialmente psicoanalítico para abordar dichas incumbencias: desde el creador del psicoanálisis y una postura hacia la pubertad, caminando por autores contemporáneos que sobre esta etapa de la constitución subjetiva han esbozado y terminando por esbozos sobre las redes sociales: posibilidades de su uso y oportunas intervenciones clínicas. La modalidad de investigación bibliográfica ofrece un recorrido histórico y teórico por esta problemática que convoca a recurrir a diferentes formas para la exposición y diversos autores que posibilitan plantear a la obra como narrativa académica y, asimismo, campo de discurso que abre las puestas en tensión y diálogo entre el psicoanálisis, la pubertad y una visión actual de la misma con sus particulares maneras de transitarla. Las reflexiones finales al respecto de esta obra se bifurcan en 1) conclusiones orientativas de la práctica, la clínica y el trabajo interdisciplinar con esta población, y 2) reunir las nociones a continuación presentadas en las “Reflexiones Finales”.Facultad Psicologi

Beyond PTSD : a multi-case study exploring identity, moral injury, and spiritual injury

This multi-case study explored Swedish military veterans’ experiences related to posttraumatic stress disorder, moral injury, and spiritual injury. Specifically, the present study focused on 4 domains (health care, veteran’s administration, moral conflicts and injuries, and identities and existential dimensions) that emerged in participants’ meaning making as they navigated everyday life. While these domains are distinct from each other, results show health care experiences are typically embedded within veteran’s administration, while at times, moral injury and/or spiritual injury appear to be linked to identities and existential dimensions. Questions of identity (e.g., who am I?), morality (e.g., how do I become good?), and spirituality (e.g., does a higher being cause people to suffer?) are not pathological by nature, but can be viewed as fundamental to an individual’s raison d’etre