Detailed state of the art review for the different on-line/in-line oil analysis techniques in context of wind turbine gearboxes

The main driver behind developing advanced condition monitoring (CM) systems for the wind energy industry is the delivery of improved asset management regarding the operation and maintenance of the gearbox and other wind turbine components and systems. Current gearbox CM systems mainly detect faults by identifying ferrous materials, water, and air within oil by changes in certain properties such as electrical fields. In order to detect oil degradation and identify particles, more advanced devices are required to allow a better maintenance regime to be established. Current technologies available specifically for this purpose include Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ferrography. There are also several technologies that have not yet been or have been recently applied to CM problems. After reviewing the current state of the art, it is recommended that a combination of sensors would be used that analyze different characteristics of the oil. The information individually would not be highly accurate but combined it is fully expected that greater accuracy can be obtained. The technologies that are suitable in terms of cost, size, accuracy, and development are online ferrography, selective fluorescence spectroscopy, scattering measurements, FTIR, photoacoustic spectroscopy, and solid state viscometers

Square-wave voltammetric determination of primaquine in urine using a multi-walled carbon nanotube modified electrode

The electrochemical process involving primaquine was studied at a glassy carbon (GC) electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The GC/MWCNTs electrode promoted an intense oxidation peak for primaquine, improving signal when compared to the one observed using bare GC as electrode. Besides the increasing in active electrode area, the MWCNTs seemed to provide faster electron transfer. The linear analytical response for primaquine, in the concentration range from 0.1 to 5.0 μmol L−1, was achieved on a supporting electrolyte consisting of Britton-Robinson buffer (0.02 mol L−1; pH 7.00) and KCl (0.25 mol L−1). The quantitative assay using square-wave voltammetry was performed by successive additions of standard into the electrochemical cell, containing the sample, with instrumental limit of detection (LOD) of 7.3 μg L−1 (28 nmol L−1). A procedure involving liquid-liquid extraction and thin-layer chromatography provided selectivity and pre-concentration required for the determination of traces of primaquine in urine samples (LOD of the method of 146 ng L−1). Recoveries in urine samples were statistically similar to the one achieved by HPLC

Heavy atom enhanced room-temperature phosphorimetry for ultratrace determination of harmane

Harmane has been proposed for the treatment of epilepsy, AIDS and leshmaniosis. Its room-temperature phosphorescence was induced using either AgNO3 or TlNO3, enabling absolute limits of detection of 0.12 and 2.4 ng respectively, with linear dynamic ranges extending up to 456 ng (AgNO3) and 911 ng (TlNO3). Relative standard deviations around 3% were observed for substrates containing 46 ng of harmane. Such sensitivity and precision are needed because harmane intake must be strictly controlled to achieve proper therapeutic response. Interference studies were performed using thalidomide, reserpine and yohimbine. Recovery of 104±6% was achieved using solid surface room-temperature phosphorimetry. The result was comparable to the one obtained by micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Determination of Kresoxim-Methyl in Water and in Grapes by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Using PhotochemicalInduced Fluorescence and Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (DLLME)

A high-performance chromatographic method was developed to determine the fungicide kresoxim-methyl. Off-line photochemical derivatization was used to induce the formation of a stable and fluorescent product since the fungicide does not present natural fluorescence. Intense fluorescence at 370/430nm was achieved by treating the analyte in solution at pH 6 to ultraviolet light for 45s. The chromatographic conditions included isocratic elution with 50/ 50% (v/v) acetonitrile/water and the photochemical product appeared at a retention time of 7.2min. The short and long term stabilities of the photoproduct were evaluated and variation of less than 5% was achieved. The limits of detection in water samples and in grapes samples were 0.019mg kg1 and 0.065mg kg1 of kresoxim-methyl residue, respectively. The linear response covered three orders of magnitude up to 10.6mg kg1 of kresoxim-methyl. The robustness was evaluated through a Box–Behnken experimental design showing the insignificance of all factors and their interactions. The potential interference of tebuconazole for the determination of kresoxim-methyl was studied. The use of the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) allowed recoveries between 80% and 101% depending on concentration with the minimum generation of waste products

Terapêutica cirúrgica na síndrome de Fournier: relato de caso

Síndrome de Fournier ou Gangrena de Fournier é uma fasceíte necrotizante que acomete região perineal, perianal e genital, ocasionada por uma infecção polimicrobiana sinergística de bactérias aeróbicas e anaeróbicas, com predomínio em homens em média aos 50 anos. A enfermidade é caracterizada por uma endarteríte obliterante causando trombose vascular subcutânea e necrose de tecidos. Microrganismos distintos aparecem como patógenos nas culturas dos pacientes com essa enfermidade. O quadro clínico pode se manifestar com dor, eritema e edema, cianose e crepitação em bolsa escrotal e períneo associada ou não a febre e calafrios. Diagnóstico e intervenção precoce, com antibioticoterapia de largo espectro e drenagem ampla, permitiu melhores resultados nestes doentes. A mortalidade permanece elevada quando o diagnóstico é tardio e o tratamento operatório retardado. O objetivo do artigo é relatar um caso de Síndrome de Fournier em um paciente de 52 anos e discutir a melhor abordagem cirúrgica e seus impactos no sucesso terapêutico nesta enfermidade.Fournier syndrome or Fournier’s gangrene is a necrotizing fasciitis that affects the perineal, perianal and genital region, caused by a polymicrobial infection of aerobic and anaerobic synergistic bacteria predominantly in men, on average at age 50. The disease is characterized by obliterative endarteritis causing subcutaneous vascular thrombosis and tissue necrosis. Different microorganisms appear as patogens in cultures of patients with this disease. The clinical picture may manifest as pain, redness and swelling, cianosis and crepitus in the scrotum and perineum with or without fever and chills. Early diagnosis and intervention with broad spectrum antibiotics and ample drainage contributed to a better outcome for these patients. Mortality remains high when diagnosis is late and the surgical procedure postponed. The aim of this paper is to report a case of Fournier syndrome in a 52 year old patient, discuss the best surgical approach and its impact on therapeutic success in this disease

Pioneirismo na assistência odontológica em UTI durante pandemia por COVID-19 no Estado do Ceará / Pioneering in dental care in ICU during a COVID-19 pandemic in the State of Ceará

A pandemia do novo coronavírus (COVID-19) atingiu grandes proporções, levando à necessidade de adaptações em diversos aspectos, não sendo diferente na Odontologia, pois a saliva é um meio com alta taxa de virulência dessa doença. É sabido que é indispensável a presença de um cirurgião-dentista (CD) em ambiente de unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI), por conta, entre outros, da possibilidade de ocorrência da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica (PAVM). Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência do CD, pioneira no estado do Ceará, da inserção do CD no atendimento a pacientes com suspeita ou confirmação de serem portadores da COVID-19 que estavam internados em UTI de hospital referência no Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, no atendimento a pacientes com cardiopatias e pneumopatias. Para tal, foi realizada intervenção odontológica a pacientes críticos no período de dois meses, com assistência odontológica individualizada, realização de treinamentos em higiene bucal para as equipes de enfermagem de todas as unidades que prestavam assistência a esse perfil de pacientes e participação nos treinamentos em biossegurança oferecidos a todos os profissionais do hospital. A realização de treinamentos e a inserção do CD nesse cenário, trouxe segurança ao profissional que realiza a higiene bucal, integralidade na assistência, diminuição da possibilidade de infecções, aumento da rotatividade de leitos, diminuição de custos hospitalares e melhora da qualidade de vida, sendo indispensável a presença do CD capacitado para atuar no ambiente hospitalar

Androgenizacao neonatal de cadelas: aspectos endocrinos e comportamentais

BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe