ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM GARAGE SOIL

The increasing demand for eco-friendly and sustainable solutions has led to a growing interest in bio-surfactants due to their biodegradability and low toxicity. This study focuses on the isolation and characterization of bio-surfactant producing bacteria from garage soil. Soil samples were collected from various garages and screened for bio-surfactant production using haemolytic activity and oil displacement tests. Positive isolates were further characterized through biochemical assays. The results revealed the presence of several potent bio-surfactant producing strains, predominantly belonging to the Staphylococcus. These strains exhibited significant emulsification activity and surface tension reduction, highlighting their potential applications in bioremediation and industrial processes. This study underscores the importance of garage soil as a reservoir of bio-surfactant producing bacteria and provides a foundation for future research on their industrial exploitation

BRONCHOCONSTRICTION SECONDARY TO USE OF TOPICAL TIMOLOL IN A NON-ASTHMATIC PATIENT

Ophthalmic application of a non-selective beta blocker like timolol maleate is known to produce bronchoconstriction in asthmatic individuals or patients with obstructive lung diseases. Timolol-induced bronchoconstriction in a previously healthy young adult without any pulmonary disease is rare. We report a case of a young adult who developed bronchoconstriction following ocular instillation of timolol maleate ophthalmic solution when he was treated for open-angle glaucoma

Local Industrialization Based Lucrative Farming Using Machine Learning Technique

In recent times, agriculture have gained lot of attention of researchers. More precisely, crop prediction is trending topic for research as it leads agri-business to success or failure. Crop prediction totally rest on climatic and chemical changes. In the past which crop to promote was elected by rancher. All the decisions related to its cultivation, fertilizing, harvesting and farm maintenance was taken by rancher himself with his experience. But as we can see because of constant fluctuations in atmospheric conditions coming to any conclusion have become very tough. Picking correct crop to grow at right times under right circumstances can help rancher to make more business. To achieve what we cannot do manually we have started building machine learning models for it nowadays. To predict the crop deciding which parameters to consider and whose impact will be more on final decision is also equally important. For this we use feature selection models. This will alter the underdone data into more precise one. Though there have been various techniques to resolve this problem better performance is still desirable. In this research we have provided more precise & optimum solution for crop prediction keeping Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur region of Maharashtra. Along with crop & composts to increase harvest we are offering industrialization around so rancher can trade the yield & earn more profit. The proposed solution is using machine learning algorithms like KNN, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes where Random Forest outperforms others so we are using it to build our final framework to predict crop

Combined Non Transecting Anastomotic Urethroplasty with Buccal Mucosal Augmentation for the Management of Segmental Urethral Strictures – A Retrospective Study

Background: Urethral strictures are one of the common problems encountered by the urologist and affect one in 10,000 males. The aetiology can be secondary to inammation, trauma or can be idiopathic. The time honoured management of strictures by dilatation was associated with high recurrence rates. Currently various techniques of urethroplasty are used in the management of strictures. We herein describe our early experience with a combined technique of non transecting urethroplasty with buccal mucosal augmentation for the management of segmental urethral strictures. Objective: To report our early experience for the treatment of segmental urethral strictures with combined non transecting anastomotic urethroplasty and buccal mucosal augmentation. Material and Methods: A total of three patients underwent non transecting anastomotic urethroplasty with buccal mucosal augmentation between January 2010 and December 2013 with a minimum follow up of one year. Results: At one year follow up all patients were free of obstructive symptoms and, none of the patients developed recurrence. No patient developed erectile dysfunction during the course of follow up. Conc lusion: Non tr ans e c ting ana stomoti c urethroplasty with buccal mucosal augmentation is a viable option for long segment strictures with diverticulum and segmental urethral strictures. This method helps in reducing the length of buccal graft required. Due to the non-transecting nature of the surgery, blood supply to urethra is maintained, there is good graft uptake and the incidence of erectile dysfunction is reduce

Kilonova Luminosity Function Constraints Based on Zwicky Transient Facility Searches for 13 Neutron Star Merger Triggers during O3

We present a systematic search for optical counterparts to 13 gravitational wave (GW) triggers involving at least one neutron star during LIGO/Virgo's third observing run (O3). We searched binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star black hole (NSBH) merger localizations with the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and undertook follow-up with the Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen (GROWTH) collaboration. The GW triggers had a median localization area of 4480 deg², a median distance of 267 Mpc, and false-alarm rates ranging from 1.5 to 10⁻²⁵ yr⁻¹. The ZTF coverage in the g and r bands had a median enclosed probability of 39%, median depth of 20.8 mag, and median time lag between merger and the start of observations of 1.5 hr. The O3 follow-up by the GROWTH team comprised 340 UltraViolet/Optical/InfraRed (UVOIR) photometric points, 64 OIR spectra, and three radio images using 17 different telescopes. We find no promising kilonovae (radioactivity-powered counterparts), and we show how to convert the upper limits to constrain the underlying kilonova luminosity function. Initially, we assume that all GW triggers are bona fide astrophysical events regardless of false-alarm rate and that kilonovae accompanying BNS and NSBH mergers are drawn from a common population; later, we relax these assumptions. Assuming that all kilonovae are at least as luminous as the discovery magnitude of GW170817 (−16.1 mag), we calculate that our joint probability of detecting zero kilonovae is only 4.2%. If we assume that all kilonovae are brighter than −16.6 mag (the extrapolated peak magnitude of GW170817) and fade at a rate of 1 mag day⁻¹ (similar to GW170817), the joint probability of zero detections is 7%. If we separate the NSBH and BNS populations based on the online classifications, the joint probability of zero detections, assuming all kilonovae are brighter than −16.6 mag, is 9.7% for NSBH and 7.9% for BNS mergers. Moreover, no more than 10⁻⁴, or φ > 30° to be consistent with our limits. We look forward to searches in the fourth GW observing run; even 17 neutron star mergers with only 50% coverage to a depth of −16 mag would constrain the maximum fraction of bright kilonovae to <25%

Global, regional, and national incidence of six major immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019

BACKGROUND: The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. METHODS: We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, between 1990 and 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease study in 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in number of incidents and age standardized incidence rate (ASR) on IMIDs, by sex, age, region, and causes, were calculated to quantify the temporal trends. FINDINGS: In 2019, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease accounted 1.59%, 36.17%, 54.71%, 0.09%, 6.84%, 0.60% of overall new IMIDs cases, respectively. The ASR of IMIDs showed substantial regional and global variation with the highest in High SDI region, High-income North America, and United States of America. Throughout human lifespan, the age distribution of incident cases from six IMIDs was quite different. Globally, incident cases of IMIDs increased with an AAPC of 0.68 and the ASR decreased with an AAPC of −0.34 from 1990 to 2019. The incident cases increased across six IMIDs, the ASR of rheumatoid arthritis increased (0.21, 95% CI 0.18, 0.25), while the ASR of asthma (AAPC = −0.41), inflammatory bowel disease (AAPC = −0.72), multiple sclerosis (AAPC = −0.26), psoriasis (AAPC = −0.77), and atopic dermatitis (AAPC = −0.15) decreased. The ASR of overall and six individual IMID increased with SDI at regional and global level. Countries with higher ASR in 1990 experienced a more rapid decrease in ASR. INTERPRETATION: The incidence patterns of IMIDs varied considerably across the world. Innovative prevention and integrative management strategy are urgently needed to mitigate the increasing ASR of rheumatoid arthritis and upsurging new cases of other five IMIDs, respectively. FUNDING: The Global Burden of Disease Study is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The project funded by Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (2022QN38)