Hur anser muslimska representanter att svenska läroböcker framställer islam?

Med bakgrund av den aktuella samhällsdebatt som förs angående islamofobi har vi valt att undersöka hur ett antal muslimer själva anser att muslimer och islam presenteras i läromedel som används på gymnasieskolor i Sverige. Detta ska undersökas genom att låta tre representanter från tre olika muslimska samfund och en muslimsk lärarstudent kommentera om islam presenteras på ett tillfredställande sätt i svenska läroböcker. Vår frågeställning är "Hur anser muslimska representanter att svenska läroböcker framställer islam?" Vår metod består utav att presentera valda läroböcker för ovanstående informanter. Dessa texter läses av informanterna innan vi genomför en kvalitativ intervju. Resultaten från intervjuerna sammanställs sedan där vi söker kartlägga informanternas kommentarer och reaktioner på läroböckernas bild av islam. Urvalet av läroböcker består av gymnasieböcker som har utgivits mellan 004-007. Resultatet ifrån intervjuerna analyseras och sätts i förhållande till vår teori angående emic och etic, ett inifrån- eller utifrånperspektiv. Vidare förs en diskussion angående religionsundervisningen kring skolans styrdokument

The Trade Effects of EU Integration on Developing countries: The Case of Agricultural Exports

Agriculture and agricultural trade play a key role in developing countries’ economies, however, the EU integration process in the 90s also affects the trade in agricultural products of the EU, developing countries and the rest of the world. This paper analysis the trade effect of the EU integration process on Developing Countries’ Agricultural exports. Using changes in the source of supply model, it shows that there has been a significant increase of EU15 consumption stemming from the EU15 over the period 1990-2002 (i.e the EU15 increased its trade with themselves not with the CEECs, DCs and ROW). The trade diversion could be due to the series of CAP reforms taken during this period. The period 2002-2003, shows a tendency a trade creation with the EU15 trading more with the CEECs, DCs and the ROW. The trade creation could be because of the conquest of domestic agricultural production by foreign producer. Also, most of the integration arrangements were already concretized and CEECs had to be included in the reallocation of resources and the EU15 had developed more confidence in the institutions of the CEEC in 2003 a year to the finalization of the EU enlargement

Abū al-Barakāt al-Bagdādī wa al-Salafiyyah Ibn Taimiyyah Anmūżajā

Our purpose of this study is to demonstrate the extent of his influence on the Sheikh of Salafism, Ibn Taymiyyah al-Harrani, as Ibn Taymiyyah is considered one of the most prominent figures influenced by the philosophy of Abu al-Barakat al-Baghdadi. Al-Baghdadi left a great impact on the Salafi approach in general and on Ibn Taymiyyah in particular. Our method in this study is to present the issues in which Ibn Taymiyyah was influenced by Abu al-Barakat al-Baghdadi, citing the texts contained in his books, while mentioning the texts in which he praised al-Baghdadi. One of the results of this study was that Ibn Taymiyyah admired Al-Baghdadi’s philosophical approach, attached great importance to his philosophy, and defended him strongly in his writings. He also often showered him with praise and great titles, despite the fact that Ibn Taymiyyah criticized Al-Baghdadi on some issues. Especially in the divine

The Yazidi Genocide in the Court of Frankfurt an Analytical Legal Study on The Case of Taha Al-Jumaili

The Yazidis are one of the oldest ethnic and religious communities originating from the Middle East. The majority of Yazidis reside in northwestern Iraq, in the areas around Mount Shingal and the Shekhan district. Throughout their history, Yazidis have faced genocide and many international crimes, most notably the 2014 Genocide by the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (hereafter referred to as ISIS or IS), which had a significant international impact. The United Nations has recognised these atrocities as genocide in several of its reports. Moreover, several ISIS perpetrators have been prosecuted in various states. However, the verdict of the Frankfurt regional high court in Germany (hereinafter referred to as the Frankfurt Court) to sentence Taha Al-Jumaili is considered the first decision acknowledging crimes against Yazidis as genocide based on absolute universal jurisdiction and, from a legal perspective, as a result of intensive efforts. This research aims to conduct a clear legal evaluation of the Frankfurt court's decision to sentence Taha Al-Jumaili and compare it with internationally recognised criminal law standards. The method used is a legal analysis method to examine the relevant international conventions, laws, and court rules. The research findings indicate that the aforementioned decision has a valuable legal basis, as the Frankfurt Court, in its decision, concluded that Genocide can be committed by killing just one person if the legal conditions of Genocide exist in the crime, which they did in the case of Taha Al-Jumaili. In this sense, a genocide crime can be committed by killing a single person. Taha Al-Jumaili's criminal liability was the murder of a Yazidi girl, and he received a life sentence as a Genocide criminal. This sentence is in line with internationally recognised criminal law standards

REALISM AND COLONIALISM IN DANIEL DEFOE’S ROBINSON CRUSOE

This study deals with realism in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe. Realism in the study explained the straightforward treatment in life. Realism sheds light on the immediate, the specific actions and their verifiable consequences. Realism seeks a direct connection between representation and the subject.  The study is aimed to interpret the actualities of any aspect of life, not restricted to subjective prejudice, idealism, or romantic color.  First, an introduction is presented about Realism, which is comprehensively linked to the history of realism and its revolution.  Then, the reasons that affected development of English novel will be explained in details. Moreover, we give an extensive emphasis on realism in English literature and describe the novel in 18th century. Then, characteristics of English novel is explained in details and definitions of realism according to a number of authors expressed then we talk about Daniel Defoe as the father of early English novel. Finally, Robinson Crusoe is analyzed and the most important themes of the novel such as colonialism and realism are shed light on to show the degree of similitude in the novel that drew the attention of its readers since the 18th century.Keywords: eighteenth century novel, early english novel, Daniel Defoe, Realism, Robinson Cruso

Institutional Quality and Economic Diversification in Oil-Rich Economies: A Case Study of Nigeria

This paper examines impact of four indicators of institutional quality: government effectiveness, rule of law, political stability and control of corruption on two perspectives of diversification: oil and gas rents as a share of GDP, which measures the relative size of oil resource and non-oil resource sectors’ concentration of GDP; and oil exports as a share of total merchandise exports, which measures oil export concentration otherwise export diversification away from oil. Data on these variables were obtained over the period 1996 to 2016. Examination of the data indicated that Nigeria has been more successful in diversifying sectoral composition of her GDP, while export remains stubbornly concentrated on oil. Regression analysis of the data using a reduced form equation and Error Correction Technique shows that: effectiveness of government, strong rules of law, political stability and less corruption are associated with greater GDP and export diversification away from oil. Hence the paper concludes that getting institutions right is key to GDP and export diversification vis-à-vis non-oil resources development in Nigeria. Keywords: institutional quality, export revenue, diversification, Nigeria

Ultrasound Evaluation of the Uterine Scar Thickness after Single Versus Double Layer Closure of Transverse Lower Segment Cesarean Section

Background: The degree of the lower uterine segment (LUS) thinning and the risk of uterine scar defect have been studied. However, the relationship between the methods of closure and the degree of thinning needs further elucidation. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether a LUS transverse cesarean section (CS) closure method in one or two layers affects subsequent scar thickness.Subjects and Methods: In this prospective study, 150 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to one‑ or two‑layer closure of the LUS incision. Patients were divided into two groups. Each group included 75 patients, of primigravidae with gestational age from 38 weeks to 40 weeks one group had a single layer closure and the other had a double layer closure.Results: We found an increase in the thickness of LUS‑CS scar in cases with double layer closure of the incision than a single layer closure as depicted by ultrasonography after 2 days and 2 weeks post‑operative.Conclusion: These findings suggest that the number of closing layers of CS directly affect the thickness of the scar. Keywords: Cesarean section, one layer, scar thickness, two layer

薄型フィルム状で多層カーボンナノチューブを使用した脳外科手術に有用な脳波電極

福井大学博士(医学)thesi

Kontroll i butik med fokus på Listeria monocytogens och hållbarhet av egentillverkade produkter

Listeria monocytogens causes the disease listeriosis, and the most common way the infection is spreading in the environment is believed to be through food. Listeriosis is a rare infection, but can cause serious symptoms in risk groups as the elderly, people with compromised immunesystems, pregnant women and their fetuses, mortality rate is 20-30%. There are two types of listeriosis, the first one is non-invasive listeriosis with a long incubation period and the low level of Listeria requires suffering from listeriosis. The second type is invasive listeriosis with a short incubation period and requires high levels of Listeria to induce the disease. The aim of this project was to analyze the prevalence of the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes in refrigerated ready-to-eat foods. Products, which are often associated with prevalence of Listeria, have extended shelf that makes it easier for the bacteria to grow. Samples were taken for analysis from Lomma municipality (10 samples). Also results from Kävlinge- and Vellinge municipality was used in this study. None of the samples showed any contamination from Listeria. The results of the analysis show that the stores own control works well and the requirement that the shops impose on manufacturers and control of the date of durability seem to be enough so that Listeria can be controlled.Awara Ahmed Kontroll i butik med fokus på Listeria monocytogens och hållbarhet av egentillverkade produkter Listerios Listeria monocytogens orsakar ett sjukdomstillstånd som kallas för listerios, det vanligaste sättet att få listeriosinfektion är genom kontaminerade livsmedel. Infektionen är ovanligt men allvarligt sjukdom. De individer som främst drabbas av listerios är äldre, personer med nedsatt immunförsvar och gravida. Listeriainfektion hos gravida kan leda till för tidig födsel och sjukdomar hos barnet. Det finns två typer av listerios, den ena kallas för invasiv listerios och den andra för icke-invasiv. Vid invasiv listerios kan äldre personer och människor med nedsatt immunförsvar drabbas av hjärnhinneinflammation och blodförgiftning. Icke-invasiv listerios som alla kan drabbas av får den insjuknanden magtarminfektion. Andelen av de drabbade som avlider i listerios normalt brukar vara 20-30%. Men symptomen hos en gravid kvinna kan likna influensa symptom. Antalet rapporterade fall av listerios under 2012 var 72 i Sverige, av de rapporterade fallen avled 23 personer. Listeria i livsmedel Rökt och gravad fisk, mjuka och halvmjuka ostar, charkuterier och opastöriserad mjölk hör till högrisklivsmedel när det gäller Listeria. De livsmedel som värmebehandlas i låg temperatur och konsumeras utan att upphettas eller tillagas medför större risk för Listeria. Men Listeria kan även förekomma i livsmedel som har värmebehandlats i hög värme på grund av återkontamination. Det är svårt att veta om ett livsmedel är kontaminerat av Listeria för bakterien ger varken dålig lukt, förändrat smak eller utseende. Examensarbetet Syftet med projektet var att undersöka hållbarheten av kyld ätfärdig mat som prepareras i butik och analysera för förekomsten av Listeria. Sedan även analysera produkter med lång hållbarhets tid såsom rökt och gravad fisk, mögel- och kittostar samt charkprodukter. Produkterna valdes i Lomma kommuns butiker och skickades till analys samma dag. Analyserna utfördes av ett ackrediterat laboratorium. Analysresultaten kom även från Vellinge- och Kävlinge kommuns produktanalys. Av de 17 prover som analyserades kunde inte någon påvisa förekomsten av Listeria. Handledare: Eva Jonsson Examensarbete 15 hp i Livsmedelssäkerhet 2015 Centrum för miljö- och klimatforskning (CEC), Lunds universite

Information technology tools and supply chain performance of online retailers in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria

The work examined the impact of information technology (IT) tools on supply chain performance of online retailers in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State. The study adopted the cross-sectional survey research design and the purposive sampling procedure. Data were analyzed using the multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that information technology (IT) tools have positive influence on supply chain performance of online retailers in Calabar Metropolis. It has been observed that the use of information technology improves supply chain performance as it assists the online retailers in building accumulative knowledge about various supply chain partners (customers, suppliers, distributors, and main channels). The study concluded that supply chain management begins and ends with the customers. And, the sole aim of the integration and collaborations of the supply chain is to effectively and efficiently satisfy customers’ demands and needs, as well as add value to the supply chain activities which would enhance their performance. The study therefore, recommended that online retailers should build an effective supply chain, integrated with information technologies enabled logistic system that can improve supply chain performance and response quickly to unexpected needs of the consumers.Keywords: Information technology, IT tools, supply chain management and supply chain performanc