Religious Worship in Patients with Abdominal Stoma: Praying and Fasting during Ramadan

Background: Religion, which occupies an important place in culture, has an effect on not only the patient’s acceptance of the treatment but also his or her post-treatment life style.Aim: The purpose of this paper was to determine the performance of religious rituals in abdominal stoma patients and their views on the effects of stoma on religious worship.Methodology: A descriptive and cross sectional design was used in this study. The sample consisted of 66 patients. The researchers developed a set of questions regarding the individual's background and characteristics of stoma and prayer rituals and fasting during Ramadan. Frequency, percentages, mean, range and chi-square test was used to analyze. Results: It was found that 87.9% of the patients (n=58) fasted regularly before stoma-creation, which decreased to 43.9% (n=29) after stoma creation; 74.2% of the patients (n=49) prayed regularly before stoma creation, which decreased to 53% (n=35) after stoma-creation. The comparison of practices of fasting (χ2: 7.13; p<0.01) and praying (χ2: 25.85; p<0.001) before and after stoma surgery revealed a statistically significant difference. 69.0% of the participants, who were unable to fast after stoma creation, were afraid of causing damage to the stoma whereas 71.4% of the participants who were unable to pray reported not having performed their prayers due to feeling unclean. 27.6% of the participants who fasted after stoma creation reported having felt discomfort.Conclusions: In this study, we found that the performance of fasting and praying decreased in patients after stoma surgery. This finding indicates that stoma significantly affects fasting and praying in patients and that patients are unable to perform these religious duties or experience some difficulties in performing their religious worship

The effect of education of nurses on preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections in patients who undergo hip fracture surgery

Aims and objectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate the effect of educating nurses on preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections in patients who undergo hip fracture surgery

Pain Management in Urology Patient: Current Approaches and Evidence-Based Practices

Pain is an unpleasant, emotional and sensory experience arising from any part of the body, associated with a possible tissue damage, and covers all the past experiences of the individual. The severity of urological pain is often associated with its sudden onset. Therefore, local and referred pain management seen associated with the urinary tract is important. This review was studied to discuss the actual approaches and evidence-based practices in the light of the guidelines published by the European Association of Urology (EAU, 2014) in management of urological pain, which indicates itself with severe pain that emerges secondary to surgery, to urological pain syndromes including interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome, urethral pain syndrome, prostatic pain syndrome, scrotal pain syndrome and penile pain syndrome and to stone disease; which is common and negatively affecting the patient's quality of life. Continuous new information obtained for pain management requires for the healthcare professionals to choose the best and most accurate method for patients. Monitoring of the evidence-based clinical practice guidelines plays a key role in achieving this goal

Effect of Perceived Social Support on Psychosocial Adjustment of Turkish Patients with Breast Cancer

Aims: To identify the psychosocial adjustment of Turkish patients with breast cancer and the effects of perceived social support on their adjustment. Materials and Methods: The sample comprised 100 volunteering patients diagnosed with breast cancer in the last six months reporting to the Outpatient Chemotherapy Unit at the Medical Faculty Hospital in northern Turkey. The data for the study were collected through the Descriptive Information Form, the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self-reflection (PAIS-SR) and the Cancer-Specific Social Support Scale and analyzed via SPSS 16.0 for Windows. Descriptive statistics, Chi square test, ANOVA and correlation were used to evaluate data. Results: There was a negative significant correlation between mean scores in the sub-scales of the social support scale and the ones in the sub-scales of the psychosocial adjustment to illness scale (p<0.05). Similarly, there was a negative significant correlation between confidence support and health care orientation as well as adjustment to social environment. Likewise, emotional support was in a negative significant correlation with health care orientation, adjustment to domestic environment, extended family relationships and adjustment to social environment. Conclusions: It was concluded that social support for patients with breast cancer had an influence on their psychosocial adjustment to illness. Holistic care should be given to breast cancer patients by oncology nurses especially in the first six months of treatment. It could be concluded that patients should be accompanied by their family/relatives in treatment and care following their diagnosis with breast cancer, that their family should be made more aware of the fact that the patient should be physically and psychologically supported, that patients with breast cancer should be provided with domiciliary care, and that they should be encouraged to participate in social support groups

Low Back Pain in Operating Room Nurses and Its Associated Factors

Objective: To determine the presence of low back pain and the associated factors in operating room nurses.&#x0D; Methods: The population of the descriptive study consists of 133 operating room nurses working in the operating rooms of five major hospitals located in Istanbul, and the study sample consists of 96 operating room nurses who are not on leave or sick leave between July-2016 to February 2017. Data were collected via a question form prepared by the researchers.&#x0D; Results: It was determined that more than half of the operating room nurses forming the sample group had low back pain and that it is affected from the practices of operating room nurses during a shift, which may cause physical strain such as year of working as an operating room nurse, bending and staying in the same position for a long time, holding an instrument for a long time, rotational movement inadequate to body mechanics, lifting/carrying heavy medical items and pushing/pulling heavy medical equipment.&#x0D; Conclusion: Majority of operating room nurses had low back pain and it was associated with coercive movements during surgery.&#x0D; doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2836&#x0D; How to cite this:Cavdar I, Karaman A, Ozhanli Y, Ozbas A. Low Back Pain in Operating Room Nurses and Its Associated Factors. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):1291-1296. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2836&#x0D; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</jats:p

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Patient Education and Interviews in Improving Medication Adherence of Renal Transplant Recipients

Background Non-compliance with immunosuppressive drugs has been reported as the most significant cause of graft loss. Since non-compliance with immunosuppressive drugs is preventable, certain approaches based on the risk factors and causes of non-compliance can help eliminate this problem. Aims The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of patient education and interviews in improving medication adherence of renal-transplant recipients. Materials and methods This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. Using the G*Power program, the sample size was calculated as 60 subjects, with 30 in both the intervention group and control group. Data collection tools included a patient information form, a pretest-posttest, a drug monitoring form for kidney transplant patients, the Immunosuppressive Therapy Adherence Scale, measurement of tacrolimus blood levels, and a training booklet. Results The mean knowledge score in the intervention group was 12.17 +/- 3.39 at baseline, and it increased to 20.73 +/- 1.57 after the intervention. The mean scores on the Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale were 11.67 +/- 0.55 and 10.70 +/- 0.99 in the intervention group and control group, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the pre- test and post-test means on the Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale in the intervention group. The mean Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale score was higher in the intervention group. In the measurement of tacrolimus blood levels, medication adherence was found the be higher in the intervention group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant. There was a positive correlation between the tacrolimus blood levels and the Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale scores in both groups. Conclusions To conclude, our results have demonstrated that patient education and interviews improve immunosuppressant medication adherence in renal transplant recipients. Using direct or indirect methods proved similar outcomes, suggesting that both evaluation methods are safe.Emerging Sources Citation Inde

Inadequate Knowledge Levels of Turkish Male University Students about Testicular Self-Examination

Introduction: Testicular cancer occurs in men aged between 15-35, accounting for 1% of all male cancers. The most common symptom is a painless swelling in the early period, so it is important for individuals to be conscious about and perform testicular self-examination. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and performance of testicular self-examination (TSE) in male university students. Methods: The target population of the study consisted of 275 male university students aged between 20-25. Data were collected using a 27 item-questionnaire developed by the investigators consisting of 3 sections: 1) socio-demographic characteristics; 2) risk factors for testicular cancer; 3) practices related to TSE. The data obtained were analyzed using frequency distribution and percentages. Results: 88% of the students (n=242) reported having no knowledge of TSE, whereas 36% (n=12) of the remaining 12% (n=33) reported having performed TSE. With regard to the reasons for non-performance, 88% (n=242) of the participants said they did not know about TSE, 6% (n=17) said they did not attach importance to TSE and 4% (n=11) were afraid. Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrated that adolescent males should be educated by nurses about testicular tumors and their symptoms as well as TSE performance

Approaches to Cope with Stress and Depression in Individuals with Urinary Incontinence

Aim: The aim of study was to assess individuals with urinary incontinence (UI) with respect to depression and to determine coping mechanisms with stress. Methods: One hundred sixty female and 110 male participants that applied to Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Urology and Urogynecology Department with UI complaints and accepted to participate in the study were included in the study. Depressive symptoms were assessed with Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The mechanisms of coping with stress were evaluated using Ways of Coping with Stress Inventory (WCSI). Results: Females (57.5%) scored 16 points and more from the CES-D scale, while the rate was significantly higher in males (79.1%). The scores obtained in 5 subdimensions of the WCSI showed that females utilized a desperate approach (female 1.39 +/- 0.63, male 1.11 +/- 0.51, p < 0.000), self-confident approach (female 1.98 +/- 0.60, male 1.70 +/- 0.42, p < 0.000), and social support approach (female 1.90 +/- 0.57, male 1.48 +/- 0.44, p < 0.000) statistically and significantly more than males in coping with stress. Conclusion: Males experienced more depression symptoms when compared to females. Females were significantly more self-confident and utilized social support mechanisms and desperate approaches more than males in order to cope with stress. (C) 2016 S. Karger AG, Base

Approaches to Cope with Stress and Depression in Individuals with Urinary Incontinence

Aim: The aim of study was to assess individuals with urinary incontinence (UI) with respect to depression and to determine coping mechanisms with stress. Methods: One hundred sixty female and 110 male participants that applied to Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Urology and Urogynecology Department with UI complaints and accepted to participate in the study were included in the study. Depressive symptoms were assessed with Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The mechanisms of coping with stress were evaluated using Ways of Coping with Stress Inventory (WCSI). Results: Females (57.5%) scored 16 points and more from the CES-D scale, while the rate was significantly higher in males (79.1%). The scores obtained in 5 subdimensions of the WCSI showed that females utilized a desperate approach (female 1.39 +/- 0.63, male 1.11 +/- 0.51, p < 0.000), self-confident approach (female 1.98 +/- 0.60, male 1.70 +/- 0.42, p < 0.000), and social support approach (female 1.90 +/- 0.57, male 1.48 +/- 0.44, p < 0.000) statistically and significantly more than males in coping with stress. Conclusion: Males experienced more depression symptoms when compared to females. Females were significantly more self-confident and utilized social support mechanisms and desperate approaches more than males in order to cope with stress. (C) 2016 S. Karger AG, Base

Determining female physicians' and nurses' practices and attitudes toward breast self-examination in Istanbul, Turkey

Purpose/Objectives: To determine female physicians' and nurses' practices and attitudes toward breast self-examination (BSE)