Sexual Harassment and Coping Strategies among Malay Female Administrative and Diplomatic Officers

With forecasted participation rate of 45.8 per cent in 2005, Malaysian women have contributed significantly to the development of the Nation. Thus, their well-being and basic human rights to have a safe and conducive workplace should be assured: including from sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is noted by the United Nations as a form of discrimination and violence against women in various conventions that Malaysia has acceded to; primarily the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). Literature on sexual harassment suggests that one in two women would experience some forms of sexually harassing behaviour during her working life. This is a qualitative research involving 16 female respondents working in the public sector. Observation is mainly drawn from interviews with the respondents. In the interest of triangulation, informal interviews with their friends and colleagues were also conducted. Besides that, key informants also provided required background information. It is a study of power relations between the harassers and the victims at public workplaces. The research examines the incidences and reactions to sexual harassment and the types of coping strategies employed by the respondents who are in the subordinate positions in the organizational structure. The central argument is that the issue of power and powerlessness is embedded in the work culture which oppresses women's rights to have a safe and conducive working environment. The study also seeks to examine the factors influencing the types of coping strategies used by the respondents. Findings revealed that no one reported a one-time harassment. Instead, all the respondents faced numerous types of harassment for a considerable length of time. As for types of coping, a number of coping strategies were simultaneously used by the respondents as they saw fit and most effective at that particular time. Some coping patterns emerged. While there are some respondents who were empowered enough to stand for their rights, most preferred to keep quiet as to avoid further complications and repercussions at the workplace. This supports previous studies that women tend not to seek advocacy intervention. Only in severe harassment cases that they did so. Respondents in this study avoided advocacy-seeking since previous cases reported to higher authority yielded no favourable response. There are some exceptional cases where respondents went along with the harassers due to several factors, including childhood upbringing and family background. The main factors influencing their decision on coping strategies were power differential, socialization and background, severity, personal empowerment and personality, and office environment. The study concludes that sexual harassment is an intricate form of sexual violence and is mostly all about men in power and un-empowered women. To minimize incidences of sexual harassment at public workplaces, people need to have basic respect to others as found in the tenets of all religion. Besides that, more gender sensitivity courses should be conducted, with massive awareness campaign on the Sexual Harassment Guideline introduced by the PSD in August 2005. Only then, more harmonious and safer working environment could be achieved in the public sector

ANALISA PENGELOMPOKAN PENUNGGAKAN PEMBAYARAN LISTRIKRN(STUDI KASUS PT. PLN (PERSERO),CABANG RNMERDUATI BANDA ACEH)

Analisa pengelompokan data pelanggan PT. PLN (persero) Merduati Banda Aceh berdasarkan data pelanggan bertujuan untuk mengelompokan data pelanggan yang menunggak dan tidak menunggak dan membandingkan hasil analisa berdasarkan nilai validitas menggunakan algoritma k-means dan fuzzy c-means. Adapun tahapan analisa terdiri dari pengumpulan data, pengubahan data, pembuatan fitur, penyimpanan data dan pengujian model. Hasil analisa pengelompokan dari kedua metode (k-means dan fuzzy c-means) menunjukkan bahwa metode fuzzy c-means lebih akurat dibandingkan metode k-means pada data pengelompokan penunggakan pembayaran listrik, hal ini berdasarkan dari nilai perbandingan simpangan baku dalam kelempok (SW) dan antar kelompok (SB). Pengelompokan fuzzy c-means simpangan baku bernilai 2,071635, sedangkan k-means bernilai 2,072553. Dimana nilai simpangan baku dan antar kelompok terkecil merupakan nilai validitas yang terbaik, sedangkan dari hasil visualisasi plot menggunakan metode k-means dan fuzzy c-means dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode fuzzy c-means lebih akurat dibandingkan metode k-means, kesimpulan ini berdasarkan hasil dataset pengelompokan fuzzy c-means lebih rapi dan tidak susah dalam penentuan class dataset gambar.Kata Kunci : K-means dan fuzzy c-mean

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SUSU KEDELAI (GLYCINE MAX (L.) MERR) TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI AORTA TIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) STRAIN WISTAR YANG DIBERI PAKAN ATEROGENIK

ABSTRAK: Aterosklerosis merupakan masalah utama pada penyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah. Konsumsi makanan tinggi lemak merupakan faktor risiko terbentuknya lesi aterosklerosis. Susu kedelai telah diteliti memiliki efek antihiperlipidemia melalui kandungan isoflavon sehingga mampu mempengaruhi perkembangan aterosklerosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian susu kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) terhadap gambaran histopatologi aorta yaitu ukuran ketebalan dinding dan jumlah sel busa tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus) strain Wistar yang diberi pakan aterogenik yang terdiri dari lemak kambing dan kuning telur puyuh selama 35 hari. Penelitian eksperimental dengan metode Post-test Only with Control Group Design, menggunakan 30 ekor tikus yang dibagi kedalam 5 kelompok (n = 6 ekor), yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok simvastatin 1,8 mg/200 g BB, kelompok susu kedelai 2,25 g/200 g BB, kelompok susu kedelai 4,5 g/200 g BB. Evaluasi terhadap histopatologi aorta dilakukan dengan membuat preparat dengan metode paraffin dan diwarnai dengan Hematoksilin-Eosin. Analisis ketebalan dinding dan sel busa menggunakan one way ANOVA. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok hewan coba yaitu p=0.000 (

SmartHeLP: Smartphone-based Hemoglobin Level Prediction Using an Artificial Neural Network

Blood hemoglobin level (Hgb) measurement has a vital role in the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of numerous diseases. We describe the use of smartphone video imaging and an artificial neural network (ANN) system to estimate Hgb levels non-invasively. We recorded 10 second-300 frame fingertip videos using a smartphone in 75 adults. Red, green, and blue pixel intensities were estimated for each of 100 area blocks in each frame and the patterns across the 300 frames were described. ANN was then used to develop a model using the extracted video features to predict hemoglobin levels. In our study sample, with patients 20-56 years of age, and gold standard hemoglobin levels of 7.6 to 13.5 g/dL., we observed a 0.93 rank order of correlation between model and gold standard hemoglobin levels. Moreover, we identified specific regions of interest in the video images which reduced the required feature space

Persepsi Pengusaha USAha Mikro Kecil Menengah terhadap Jasa Akuntan Publik (Studi Empiris pada Disperindag Bukittinggi)

SMEs or Micro, small and medium enterprise have a role in creating new jobs. And can complement the activities of tourism in Bukittinggi. SMEs play a role in its development is very important and very large in advancing the growth and development of the Indonesian economi, and can absorb the unemployed to return to work. This study aims to determine differences in perceptions of entrepreneurs ukm consisting or micro, small and medium enterprise to public accounting service. (Empirical Studies on cooperative departement of industry and commerce Bukittinggi )And to analyze the data in this case the researchers used computer assistance program spss version 21, where the sample used that SMEs in bukittinggi with about 100respondents consisted of 89 micro enterprises, 9 small businesses, and 2medium businesses. The formula used to determine the sample slovin, as well as a sampling technique by purposive sampling. Data collection through questionnaires. According to a study that researchers do to enterpreneurial SMEs, and the results of the study researchers can concluded that the larger the scale of business in bukittinggi the perception of accounting service, auditing service, tax service, and management service will be higher

Rancang Bangun Mesin Pengiris Buah Pinang Muda Tipe Horizontal

Biji pinang merupakan salah bahan campuran dalam memakan sirih, bahan campuran pembuatan permen, zat pewarna merah alami, dan diekstrak untuk mendapatkan zat-zat antioksidan alami yang menguntungkan seperti tanin. Pinang muda diolah ditingkat petani dalam bentuk irisan yang kemudian dikeringkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempercepat proses produksi dan mengurangi kecelakaan kerja karena pengolahan buah pinang muda biasanya dilakukan dengan cara diiris tipis dengan menggunakan pisau. Prinsip pengirisan pinang ini dilakukan secara horizontal dengan mengubah gerak rotasi dari motor listrik menjadi gerak linear bolak-Balik. Dengan adanya mesin ini diharapkan pekerjaan pengirisan akan lebih efektif dan efisien dari segi waktu serta aman bagi pekerja itu sendiri. Perbandingan kinerja mesin pengiris pinang muda dengan alat manual dengan menggunakan mesin pengiris adalah 1 :15,54. Dari uji analisa ekonomi maka didapat harga jual Rp. 5.070.000, biaya tetap (Fixed cost) Rp 1.277.640,- /tahun, biaya tidak tetap (Variable cost) Rp 11.361,56,-/jam, biaya pokok Rp.458.869 dan Break Event Point 20.607,09 kg/tahun