Ecological and genetic diversity of plant growth-promoting genes in rhizobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of wild flora on Mount Erciyes, Türkiye

IntroductionThis study is the first to investigate the genetic diversity of plant growth-promoting genes in rhizobacteria isolated from the wild ecology of Mount Erciyes, Türkiye. It has a flora rich in flowering plants, with 1170 plant taxa, 194 of which are endemic to the area.MethodsA total of 165 bacterial isolates, including Azotobacter sp., Azospirillum sp., and Bacillus sp., were screened for genes associated with plant growth promotion: nitrogen fixation (nif), indole pyruvate decarboxylase (ipdC), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (accd), phosphate-solubilizing genes (Acpho, Alpho and phy), and siderophore biosynthesis (sd).ResultsThe analysis revealed significant genetic variability across isolates, particularly for nif and sd genes, with distinct band patterns indicating genetic diversity among Azospirillum and Bacillus isolates.DiscussionThe findings emphasize the role of these rhizobacteria in nutrient cycling and stress resilience, potentially enhancing plant growth in nutrient-limited soils. In the current study, it contributes to understanding microbial biodiversity in Mount Erciyes and suggests a promising potential for sustainable agriculture through plant-microbe interactions

THE EFFECT OF HALOGEN SUBSTITUTION ON THE BOWL-TO-BOWL INVERSION, MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF SUMANENE

Halogen (X: F, Cl, and Br) substituted sumanene derivatives were subjected to a detailed computational study, exploring the molecular structure, bowl-depths, bowl-to-bowl inversion dynamics, and electronic properties. Hybrid density functional (DFT, B3LYP, X3LYP and PBEKCIS) theoretical calculations were performed with an array of basis sets 6-31+G(d,p) and cc-pVTZ. The bowl shaped geometry and other properties were significantly affected by the introduction of halogens (F, Cl, and Br). Especially, the bond length alternations (Δ1 and Δ2) in the hub benzene ring and flank benzene ring of halogenated sumanenes (2Xa, 2Xb, and 12X) show remarkable sensitivity as a function of halogen with a wide range of fluctuations (0.011 to 0.071 Å). The introduction of fluorine to sumanene influences the bowl-to-bowl inversion energies slightly. The size of halogens seems to chiefly control the bowl depth and bowl-to-bowl inversion dynamic. In contrast, the bond length alternations seem to be controlled by electronic factors and not by the size of the substituted halogen atoms. The frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and molecular electrostatic potentials (MEPs) were significantly affected by the introduction of halogen atoms

Comparative experimental and theoretical study on the molecular structure and spectroscopic properties of sideroxol isolated from Sideritis stricta and its electronic properties

Sideroxol, a kaurene diterpene, was obtained from the acetone extract of Sideritis stricta plant. The ground-state molecular geometry, vibrational frequencies, and NMR chemical shifts were also investigated by using various density functional theories and Pople basis sets. The computed geometries are in good conformity with the experimental data. The comparison between theory and experiments indicates that B3LYP and M06 methods with the 6-31G(d) basis set are able to provide satisfactory results for predicting vibrational and NMR properties. There seems to be no significant effect of addition of diffuse and polarization functions in the basis set used herein

Multi-objective integer programming: A general approach for generating all nondominated solutions

In this paper we develop a general approach to generate all non-dominated solutions of the multi-objective integer programming (MOIP) Problem. Our approach, which is based on the identification of objective efficiency ranges, is an improvement over classical e-constraint method. Objective efficiency ranges are identified by solving simpler MOIP problems with fewer objectives. We first provide the classical e-constraint method on the bi-objective integer programming problem for the sake of completeness and comment on its efficiency. Then present our method on tri-objective integer programming problem and then extend it to the general MOIP problem with k objectives. A numerical example considering tri-objective assignment problem is also provided

Rescheduling unrelated parallel machines with total flow time and total disruption cost criteria

In this paper, we consider a rescheduling problem where a set of jobs has already been assigned to unrelated parallel machines. When a disruption occurs on one of the machines, the affected jobs are rescheduled, considering the efficiency and the schedule deviation measures. The efficiency measure is the total flow time, and the schedule deviation measure is the total disruption cost caused by the differences between the initial and current schedules. We provide polynomial-time solution methods to the following hierarchical optimization problems: minimizing total disruption cost among the minimum total flow time schedules and minimizing total flow time among the minimum total disruption cost schedules. We propose exponentialtime algorithms to generate all efficient solutions and to minimize a specified function of the measures. Our extensive computational tests on large size problem instances have revealed that our optimization algorithm finds the best solution by generating only a small portion of all efficient solutions

Bicriteria multiresource generalized assignment problem

In this study,we consider a bicriteria multiresource generalized assignment problem. Our criteria are the total assignment load and maximum assignment load over all agents. We aim to generate all nondominated objective vectors and the corresponding efficient solutions. We propose several lower and upper bounds and use them in our optimization and heuristic algorithms. The computational results have shown the satisfactory behaviors of our approaches. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

Generating all efficient solutions of a rescheduling problem on unrelated parallel machines

In this paper, we consider a rescheduling problem where a set of jobs has already been assigned to unrelated parallel machines. When a disruption occurs on one of the machines, the affected jobs are rescheduled, considering the efficiency and stability measures. Our efficiency measure is the total flow time and stability measure is the total reassignment cost caused by the differences in the machine allocations in the initial and new schedules. We propose a branch and bound algorithm to generate all efficient solutions with respect to our efficiency and stability measures. We improve the efficiency of the algorithm by incorporating powerful reduction and bounding mechanisms. Our computational tests on large sized problem instances have revealed the satisfactory behaviour of our algorithm

Spectroscopic, Structural, Aromaticity and Electronic Properties of Isatoic Anhydride - Experimental and Theoretical Investigations

The paper compares the experimental FT-IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra of isatoic anhydride (ISA) with the Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations using three different basis sets (6-31+G(d,p), 6-311+G(d,p), cc-pVTZ). The best compatibility between the experimental and theoretical FT-IR spectrum was observed with the use of B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) method for ISA. Furthermore, the theoretical1H- and 13C-NMR spectra interpreted by GIAO method depict that the DFT formalism, particularly the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) theory of level, gives an accurate description of the ISA experimental chemical shifts. The calculated structural data were also compared with experimental findings. The statistical regression analyses show that the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) method results in a correct description of the ISA crystallographic data. Moreover, the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) map, and NBO atomic charges of the ISA have been discussed at B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) theory of level. The FMO analysis were used to determine the charge transfer within ISA and some chemical descriptors such as ionization potential, electron affinity, chemical hardness, softness, chemical potential and electro negativity. The Nucleus-Independent Chemical Shifts (NICS) were also computed for ISA derivatives, 2-10. In the X: O and Y: S derivative, 4, sulphur substitution increases slightly the aromaticity of ISA skeleto

The value of hematological inflammatory parameters in the differential diagnosis of testicular torsion and epididymo-orchitis in children

Aim: To investigate the value of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in differentiating acute scrotal conditions. Methods: A total of 60 patients, including 30 epididymo-orchitis and 30 testicular torsions, diagnosed and treated in our clinic between January 1, 2010 and December 2022, were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups; group 1 (testicular torsion = TT) and Group 2 (epididymo-orchitis = EO). The age, diagnosis, and hemogram parameters of the patients were evaluated. Results: Both Group 1 and Group 2 consisted of 30 patients each. The mean ages of group 1 and 2 were 13.7, and 11.2 years, respectively (p>0.05). When compared to the group 2, NLR was higher in the group 2 (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of PLR value (p >0.05). ROC analysis was performed for NLR. According to the ROC analysis; at a cut-off value of 2.92, the sensitivity was 51% and the specificity was 87%, AUC (0.79; CI: 0.694 - 0.896). Conclusion: TT and EO can be diagnosed using inflammatory markers such as NLR. However, additional prospective studies are neede