Treatment of olive oil processing wastewater by ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and biofiltration

This paper deals with the possibility to purify olive mill wastewater streams from olive mills by means of coagulation, membrane technology and bio filtration. In the last decade, membrane processes have gained a main role to seek for a viable process to treat olive mill wastewater streams due to their capability to eliminate almost all of the pollutants in the water. One main drawback to this approach is the severe membrane fouling issues, that reduces sensibly these capabilities within a short period of time. In order to inhibit the fouling formation, in this work the boundary flux approach was used, that is the determination of proper operating conditions that do not promote fouling formation by specific measurements and modelling. Nevertheless, membranes may not be sufficient to reach the desired purification grade of the wastewater stream for a harmless disposal in the environment. Novelty of this work is the last process step, that is bio filtration and was accomplished by means of a biofilter. This step is necessary in order to guarantee the achievement of a treated water to a quality grade compatible to the discharge in superficial aquifers. The adopted system is compact, have small residence times and is capable to treat the RO permeate to the target values. The experimental work will be discussed and reported in this paper

Cultural Patterns of Health Care Beliefs and Practices among Muslim Women in Uzbekistan

The purpose of this ethnographic study is to describe and analyse the meanings and uses of healthpromotion practices and beliefs, healing practices and folk medicine for Uzbek Muslim women.Contemporary healing practices can be seen as combining shamanic and Islamic concepts aboutdisease and healing, Sufi Research focus.The research questions ask how participants make decisions to seek remedies throughhealing practices, and how and whether they experience these choices and actions as empowering.The research also asks about what sorts of conditions women seeks to address through traditionalhealing practices; those in this study discussed seeking out such healing for colds, bronchitis, heartdisease, arthritis, as well as emotional and economic distress.Significance. With the increasing migration of Uzbeks to Canada, strength-based health care provisionapproach based on person-centred care, empowerment, health promotion and prevention and collaborative partnership is crucial in achieving quality of care

Linguistic Analysis and Learning of Dialogical Speech in Literary Texts

The article deals with the issue of linguistic analysis of dialogue speech used in literary texts and in the teaching process in the field of dialogues. During the training and teaching process, the research clarifies the elements that determine the dialogue, clarifies the semantic features of the dialogue participants' replicas. In the general picture, the types of sentences are looked at during teaching, and the purposes of using words are studied. In the training, the issue of the author's speech is considered as one of the aspects that distinguish the dialogues of the literary text and the dialogues of the spoken speech. Dialogue, as the main, primary form of communication, is a dynamic structure defined primarily by its communicative essence. Artistic dialogue, which is a part of the world view created by the writer, as a secondary form of communication, becomes an important means of realizing the aesthetic function, the specificity of which is determined by the individuality of the author. In the article, issues such as linguistic analysis and study of dialogical speech in literary texts during the teaching process are presented using comparative and descriptive methods

Sustainable Development of Tajikistan: Perspectives for Tajik Aluminum Company (TALCO)

Energy efficiency is one the most pressing objectives of the XXI century. Energy efficiency is an intrinsic part of sustainable development of any country. But it is especially crucial for country like Tajikistan, which has an inefficient energy use pattern as a result of the legacy of Soviet era. Energy resources required for economic development can be obtained not only through increased extraction of raw materials, but also through improved energy efficiency at the demand side. Tajikistan imports about 35 percent of its energy needs, which makes the country extremely energy-dependent. That leads to an obvious inference that for Tajikistan to get on a sustainable development path, it is highly important to improve its energy efficiency and increase its energy security. The biggest energy consumer in Tajikistan is the Tajik Aluminum Company (TALCO). According to the World Bank Energy Audit estimates from 2012, TALCO is the single largest power end-user in the country, which consumes 39 percent of total electricity generated. This research will explore the energy efficiency potential of TALCO. The research will use a core set of Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development (EISD) developed by UNDESA, the IEA, Eurostat and the European Environment Agency (EEA) to measure selected aspects of production and use of energy in TALCO. In particular, the research will focus on two of three dimensions of the EISD: Economic and Environmental dimensions. The objective of the research is to define the progress or the lack of progress towards sustainable development in Tajikistan. The research will provide information on current energy-related trends in the selected country and will attempt to provide a set of recommendation on alternatives and strategies to promote efficient and sustainable energy development

Worlds Between the Lines: analyses of diversity in social science textbooks of major international curricula

This thesis is about the social science textbooks used at the international schools. The main goal of the research is to analyze country selection for the Case Study section in textbooks. To achieve this goal ten different and most popular Geography textbooks were analyzed. The thesis includes detailed explanation of major curricula used at the international schools, their approach to the modern education along with the publishing companies who print textbooks for these schools. Additionally, concept of the global citizenship was noted as the main approach and inspiration behind the modern international schools. To better understand how selected textbooks contribute to the global citizen concept each textbook was analyzed in according table and map that visualize country selection and topic for the Case Study.publishedVersio

Communication Skills in Teaching a Foreign Language Problems and Solutions for their Improvement

This article examines the problems of communication skills in teaching a foreign language. In addition, various methods of solving this problem are considered

Complexity of Academic Socialization of Historically Underrepresented Doctoral Students: De-Privileging Distinctions Between Macro-and-Micro-Theoretical Approaches

This article represents a conceptual work that critiques and challenges traditional linear theoretical assumptions of academic socialization and integration that are often applied to research of diverse populations in academia in general and doctoral education specifically. The article further proposes a new conceptual framework of academic socialization as a meaning-making act of historically underrepresented doctoral students. The ultimate goal of the proposed framework is to reconcile the restrictive use of sociological macro- and micro- orientations to foreground possibilities of a conceptual and empirical focus on an individual meaning making act (as a form of individual agency) of historically underrepresented doctoral students within the critical contexts of academia. The proposed framework offers methodological and analytical tools for a more complex qualitative research and institutional/individual practice to account for increasingly diverse populations in higher education

General method for prediction of thermal conductivity for well-characterized hydrocarbon mixtures and fuels up to extreme conditions using entropy scaling

A general and efficient technique is developed to predict the thermal conductivity of well-characterized hydrocarbon mixtures, rocket propellant (RP) fuels, and jet fuels up to high temperatures and high pressures (HTHP). The technique is based upon entropy scaling using the group contribution method coupled with the Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) equation of state. The mixture number averaged molecular weight and hydrogen to carbon ratio are used to define a single pseudo-component to represent the compounds in a well-characterized hydrocarbon mixture or fuel. With these two input parameters, thermal conductivity predictions are less accurate when the mixture contains significant amounts of iso-alkanes, but the predictions improve when a single thermal conductivity data point at a reference condition is used to fit one model parameter. For eleven binary mixtures and three ternary mixtures at conditions from 288 to 360 K and up to 4,500 bar, thermal conductivities are predicted with mean absolute percent deviations (MAPDs) of 16.0 and 3.0% using the two-parameter and three-parameter models, respectively. Thermal conductivities are predicted for three RP fuels and three jet fuels at conditions from 293 to 598 K and up to 700 bar with MAPDs of 14.3 and 2.0% using the two-parameter and three-parameter models, respectively

Understanding racial/ethnic meaning making: Narrative analysis of STE[A]M doctoral student experiences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the racial and ethnic aspects of the doctoral socialization to provide a meaningful insight into the belief systems and decision-making processes related to academic success and degree completion. This paper addresses a gap in literature focusing on the racial and ethnic aspects of the doctoral student experience as they relate to student agency. Design/methodology/approach This narrative research of four doctoral students uses a postmodern active interview method to foreground the role of a doctoral agency as manifested in the ways students make meaning of their experiences as members of the science, technology, engineering, agriculture and math academic community. A dialectical approach to the traditional socialization models provides the framework for understanding the meaning-making processes within a critical context of academia. Findings Findings present the intrinsic foundations for a doctoral agency and forces that shape key decision-making processes for doctoral students. Research limitations/implications Implications for research and practice provide guidance for faculty, graduate school administrators and organizations interested in supporting degree completion for historically marginalized doctoral students. Originality/value This study examines doctoral socialization as a meaning-making process of racial/ethnic students in engineering and agricultural programs. Narrative research design provides depth into the individual experiences and the role of racial/ethnic histories in students’ socialization (meaning-making) processes in a predominantly White academic environment